Working Memory in Sentence Comprehension

Working Memory in Sentence Comprehension PDF

Author: Shravan Vasishth

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2003-05-09

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 1317621190

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The first-ever investigation of sentence processing in Hindi, Working Memory in Sentence Comprehension studies the predictions of three existing, wide-coverage sentence processing models. In experiments that apply these models to Hindi, Shravan Vasishth develops a new sentence processing model that builds on existing theories and overcomes their empirical problems. Advancing the understanding of human parsing processes, this book is a landmark in cross-linguistic research, presenting a challenging set of sentence processing facts that will impact future theories.

Working Memory and Complex Sentence Comprehension

Working Memory and Complex Sentence Comprehension PDF

Author: Shwetha Mysore Padmaprasad

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2011-03

Total Pages: 172

ISBN-13: 9783844307429

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Working memory refers to the ability to store information while at the same time engage in some kind of cognitively demanding activity such as verbal reasoning or comprehension. These include a phonological short-term memory (PSTM) storage buffer and a visuo- spatial short-term memory buffer, an attentional resource control function, and processing speed.This study aimed to investigate the influence of the mechanisms of working memory on children's complex sentence comprehension.The findings suggested that children between the ages of seven and twelve years use their working memory system to process and comprehend familiar complex sentences.This book can highlight the importance of cognitive factors such as working memory while assessing language in clinical situation.

Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing

Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing PDF

Author: Zhisheng Wen

Publisher: Multilingual Matters

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 1783093587

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This unique volume offers a comprehensive discussion of essential theoretical and methodological issues concerning the pivotal role of working memory in second language learning and processing. The collection opens with a foreword and introductory theoretical chapters written by leading figures in the field of cognitive psychology. Following these are three research sections containing chapters providing original data and innovative insights into the dynamic and complex relationships between working memory and specific areas of second language processing, instruction, performance and development. Each section concludes with a commentary which is written by a noted SLA researcher and which charts the course for future research. This book provides a fascinating collection of perspectives on the relationship between working memory and second language learning and will appeal to those interested in the integration of cognitive psychology with SLA research.

Working Memory and Language

Working Memory and Language PDF

Author: Susan E. Gathercole

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2014-02-04

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1317775287

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This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.

Processing of Visible Language

Processing of Visible Language PDF

Author: Paul A. Kolers

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 606

ISBN-13: 1468410687

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The second symposium on processing visible language constituted a different "mix" of participants from the first. Greater emphasis was given to the design of language, both in its historical development and in its current display; and to practical questions associated with machine-implementation oflanguage, in the interactions of person and computer, and in the characteristics of the physical and environmental objects that affect the interaction. Another change was that a special session on theory capped the proceedings. Psychologists remained heavily involved, however, both as contributors to and as discussants of the work pre sented. The motivation of the conferences remains one of bringing together graphic designers, engineers, and psychologists concerned with the display and acquisition of visible language. The papers separately tended to emphasize the one of the three disciplines that mark their authors' field of endeavor, but are constructed to be general rather than parochial. Moreover, within the three disciplines, papers emphasized either the textual or the more pictorial aspects. For example, a session on writing systems ranged from principles that seem to characterize all such systems to specific papers on ancient Egyptian writing, modern Korean, and English shorthand. The complementary session on the nontextual media opened with a discussion of general principles of pictorial communication and included papers on communicating instructions, general information, or religious belief through designs and other pictorial forms, as well as a discussion. of misrepresentation.

Working Memory Intervention

Working Memory Intervention PDF

Author: Tracy L. Perry

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 7

ISBN-13:

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For any complex mental task, people rely on working memory. Working memory capacity (WMC) is one predictor of success in learning. Historically, attempts to improve verbal WM through training have not been effective. This study provided elementary students with WM consolidation efficiency training to answer the question, Can reading comprehension be improved by strategic updating of WMC and utilization of episodic memory during reading? We report preliminary data from 10 5th grade students who took three pretests to measure each student's 1) ability to comprehend sentences of varying lengths, 2) ability to decode English-like words (Snowling, 1986), 3) working memory capacity (Weschler, D, 2008). 5 students were chosen to receive a working memory training that consists of 2 sessions a week for 4 weeks. In the training sessions, the students were presented with a series of progressively longer sentences and were asked to choose a picture to demonstrate comprehension. All 10 students took 2 post-tests, alternate versions of the working memory capacity and sentence comprehension pre-tests. The working memory and sentence comprehension data were analyzed using a one-tailed t-test. A priori power analysis indicated that I need 35 subjects in each of the 2 groups to have 95% power for detecting a large sized effect when employing the traditional .05 criterion of statistical significance. I expect that this training will change the strategies elementary readers use to update their WMC while reading to understand progressively more complex sentences. If successful, this training will dramatically affect reader's interest and confidence, and can serve as a model for elementary reading programs. [For the full proceedings, see ED562107.].

Disorders of Syntactic Comprehension

Disorders of Syntactic Comprehension PDF

Author: David Caplan

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 9780262031325

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On the basis of a decade's work on syntactic-comprehension disorders, primarily inthe Neurolinguistics Laboratory of the Montreal Neurological Hospital, David Caplan and NancyHildebrandt present an original theory of these disturbances of language function. They suggest inthis wide-ranging study that syntactic structure breaks down after damage to the brain because ofspecific impairments in the parsing processes and a general decrease in the amount of computationalspace that can be devoted to that function.Disorders of Syntactic Comprehension includes detailedsingle-case analyses and large-group studies, as well as a broad review of the literature onaphasia. It also provides introductions to syntactic structures and parsing for the readerunfamiliar with these subjects. It develops a general framework for viewing disorders in this areaand for identifying a number of specific aspects of the breakdown of syntactic comprehension.Theauthors' richly detailed empirical linguistic database and their careful use of experimentalmaterials enable them to bring the results of their research to bear on several aspects of theoriesof syntactic structure (Chomsky's theory) and parsing (the Berwick-Weinberg parser) and to use thesetheories to describe and explain aphasic phenomena. Moreover, the combination of population andgroup studies allows them to investigate the neurological basis of syntactic disorders in additionto the psychological and linguistic aspects.David N. Caplan is Associate Professor of Neurology andLinguistics at McGill University. Nancy Hildebrandt is in the Neurolinguistics Laboratory at theMassachusetts General Hospital. Disorders of Syntactic Comprehension is included in the seriesIssues in the Biology of Language and Cognition, edited by John C. Marshall.

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