Wood Characteristics

Wood Characteristics PDF

Author: Christoph Richter

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-10

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 3319074229

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This book offers a broad range of options for technically adapting, handling and processing wood with specific wood characteristics. It starts by discussing wood anatomy and the general factors leading to the formation of wood characteristics. The individual characteristics are then categorized into four groups: 1. Wood characteristics inherent in a tree’s natural growth. 2. Biotically-induced wood characteristics. 3. Abiotically-induced wood characteristics. 4. Types and causes of cracks. New to this English edition is a comparison of wood characteristics found in trees from the boreal, temperate and tropical climate zones. The results show a clear relationship between the effects of sunshine duration, the vertical and horizontal angle of radiation, and crown coverage and the way wood characteristics form. The book addresses all those who work with wood professionally: foresters, gardeners and arborists who want to be able to observe a living tree and identify its internal features and the causes of its prominent wood characteristics. Based on the findings described in this book they can determine how to avoid certain undesirable characteristics, or alternatively how to promote favorable ones as the tree and stand grow. Botanists and dendrologists will learn how wood characteristics arise, and how they affect living trees and wood products. The needs of wood technologists seeking to prevent adverse wood characteristics from influencing wood processing, or to enhance favorable wood characteristics, are also addressed.

Wood Properties and Processing

Wood Properties and Processing PDF

Author: Miha Humar

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-05-23

Total Pages: 350

ISBN-13: 3039288210

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Wood-based materials are CO2-neutral, renewable, and considered to be environmentally friendly. The huge variety of wood species and wood-based composites allows a wide scope of creative and esthetic alternatives to materials with higher environmental impacts during production, use and disposal. Quality of wood is influenced by the genetic and environmental factors. One of the emerging uses of wood are building and construction applications. Modern building and construction practices would not be possible without use of wood or wood-based composites. The use of composites enables using wood of lower quality for the production of materials with engineered properties for specific target applications. Even more, the utilization of such reinforcing particles as carbon nanotubes and nanocellulose enables development of a new generation of composites with even better properties. The positive aspect of decomposability of waste wood can turn into the opposite when wood or wood-based materials are exposed to weathering, moisture oscillations, different discolorations, and degrading organisms. Protective measures are therefore unavoidable for many outdoor applications. Resistance of wood against different aging factors is always a combined effect of toxic or inhibiting ingredients on the one hand, and of structural, anatomical, or chemical ways of excluding moisture on the other.

Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees

Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees PDF

Author: Ratikanta Maiti

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-05-23

Total Pages: 383

ISBN-13: 1119104440

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Forest trees and shrubs play vital ecological roles, reducing the carbon load from the atmosphere by using carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and by the storage of carbon in biomass and wood as a source of energy. Autoecology deals with all aspects of woody plants; the dynamism of populations, physiological traits of trees, light requirements, life history patterns, and physiological and morphological characters. Ecophysiology is defined by various plant growth parameters such as leaf traits, xylem water potential, plant height, basal diameter, and crown architecture which are, in turn, influenced by physiological traits and environmental conditions in the forest ecosystem. In short, this book details research advances in various aspects of woody plants to help forest scientists and foresters manage and protect forest trees and plan their future research. Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees is intended to be a guide for students of woody plant autoecology and ecophysiology, as well as for researchers in this field. It is also an invaluable resource for foresters to assist in effective management of forest resources.

The Principal Species of Wood

The Principal Species of Wood PDF

Author: Charles Henry Snow

Publisher:

Published: 1908

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13:

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Excerpt from The Principal Species of Wood: Their Characteristic Properties The following is a brief untechnical presentation of general features characterizing economically important species of wood. It is the result of notes originally brought together from many already existing sources and later augmented, and verified so far as possible for the present use, by personal observation. The work of preparation has not been as simple as the result would indicate, and although great care has been taken to check each fact, errors do no doubt exist, although it is not believed that there are important ones. Engineers while writing upon woods have, save exceptionally, emphasized strength beyond most other properties. Other works for expert foresters or botanists are of necessity too special, voluminous, fragmental, or technical for the casual student. Some popular books on trees, as distinct from woods, are available. The present form is distinct from these and is intended for those who are not foresters or botanists, but who use woods or desire knowledge of their distinguishing properties. Allusions to trees, historical and other references, aside from those directly regarding woods, are made for completeness and in order to mark, distinguish, or separate the species.

Timber

Timber PDF

Author: Filibert Roth

Publisher:

Published: 1895

Total Pages: 92

ISBN-13:

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"I have the honor to transmit herewith for publication a brief but comprehensive discussion of the characteristics and properties of wood in general and of our American timbers in particular, which it is hoped may be useful to engineers, architects, carpenters, lumbermen, and all wood workers. The paper was prepared by Mr. Filibert Roth, in charge of the investigations in timber physics. Although much of the information contained in this bulletin exists in the experience of practical woodworkers and in books in other languages, it has never before been published in English is systematic and accessible form and with special application to American timbers. Such a publication can not, of course, exhaust any part of this great subject. It is desired that it may be followed by a more elaborate treatise when additional knowledge has been gained through the investigations now in progress. The information it contains is largely based on actual experiment and scientific observation, and will, it is hoped, not only explain the experiences of the practical worker with his material, but will remove erroneous notions, and thus aid in improving the practice and lead to a more rational use of our forest resources."--Letter of Transmittal, Page [i].

Dielectric Properties of Wood and Wood-Based Materials

Dielectric Properties of Wood and Wood-Based Materials PDF

Author: Grigoriy I. Torgovnikov

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 3642774539

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Provided here is a comprehensive treatise on all aspects of dielectric properties of wood and wood products. The topics covered include: Interaction between electromagnetic field and wood. - Wood composition and dielectric properties of its components. - Measurement of dielectric parameters of wood.- Dielectric properties of oven-dry wood. - Dielectric properties of moist wood. - Effect of different kinds of treatment on dielectric properties of wood. - Dielectric properties of bark. - Dielectric properties of wood-based materials. - Recommendations for determination of dielectric parameters of wood based materials and for their use in calculations. Several appendices comprise reference data onthe dielectric characteristics of wood and wood-based materials in the wide range of frequencies, temperatures, and moisture content.

The Essential Wood Book

The Essential Wood Book PDF

Author: Tim Snyder

Publisher:

Published: 2020-03-03

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 9781950934393

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The Essential Wood Book is about making the basics of using and choosing wood easier to understand. While some wood books can be intimidating due to an overly scientific approach or an overflowing amount of exotic and hard-to-find woods you'll never use, this handy, accessible resource is perfect for anyone seeking information about the most essential materials needed to complete their next woodworking project. In addition to covering the top native American and exotic woods from Ash to Zebrawood, The Essential Wood Book also offers expert advice and know-how for working with wood, rough lumber and plywood, understanding wood movement and other characteristics, finding unique wood sources, and storing and drying lumber. With lots of photos and accessible, detailed information, The Essential Wood Book is the ideal resource for woodworkers, carpenters, crafters, or DIY enthusiasts seeking the fundamental knowledge needed to successfully work with wood.

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