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VLF/LF Reflection Properties of the Low Latitude Ionosphere

Author: Wayne I. Klemetti

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 106

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Low latitude observations of VLF/LF pulse reflections from the lower ionosphere obtained at nine locations to the east and west of a transmitter in southeastern Brazil are described. The data provide a variety of information on the reflection properties of the ionosphere below about 90 km altitude. Aspects of the data are presented in quasi-dimensional formats useful for identifying ionosphere structure and variability, and detailed analyses of portions of the data provided, which characterize the effective heights of the reflection coefficients of the ionosphere at noon and midnight, over a frequency range from 15 to 65 kHz. Electron density models of the ionosphere, derived from VLF/LF reflection data are also discussed. Keywords: VLF propagation; LF Propagation; Ionosphere reflectivity d region.

VLF/LF (Very Low Frequency/Low Frequency) Reflection Properties of the Low Latitude Ionosphere

Author: Wayne I. Klemetti

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 95

ISBN-13:

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VLF/LF Reflection Properties of the Low Latitude Ionosphere

Author: Wayne I. Klemetti

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Low Frequency Wave-reflection Properties of the Equatorial Ionosphere

Author: John E. Rasmussen

Publisher:

Published: 1975

Total Pages: 78

ISBN-13:

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A joint United States - Brazil experiment was conducted near the geomagnetic equator to confirm the theoretically predicted strong dependence of the ionospheric reflection properties on the azimuthal direction of wave propagation. Skywave delays, reflection coefficients, and polarization ellipses were measured at different frequencies, ranges, and azimuths. The results were compared with full-wave computer calculations for several ionospheric models. A series of high resolution waveforms showing the sunrise transition from night- to daytime conditions is included.

VLF/LF Reflectivity of the Polar Ionosphere 19 January - 2 March 1975

Author: John E. Rasmussen

Publisher:

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 26

ISBN-13:

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This report provides a summary of high latitude ionospheric reflectivity as observed by the USAF's high resolution VLF/LF ionosounder operating in northern Greenland. Ionospheric reflectivity parameters, including reflection heights and coefficients, are presented as a function of time of day. VLF long path propagation measurements, along with magnetometer and riometer data, are presented as supplementary information. (Author).

LF and VLF Reflection Loss in the Lower Ionosphere

Author: Henry George Booker

Publisher:

Published: 1967

Total Pages: 29

ISBN-13:

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Two simple practical methods are given for determining the transmission loss of LF and VLF radio waves obliquely reflected from the lower ionosphere in a nuclear burst environment. The constant K, given in RM-4031-PR, is recalculated and found to equal pi, not 2. A theorem, based on full wave theory, is derived that extends results for a nonabsorbing medium to an absorbing medium with minimum complexity. The assumption is made that in the reflecting stratum, the permittivity profile is exponential. At the height where the level of reflection of the upgoing wave is expected to maximize (by the Field-Engel standard), the authors fit an exponential profile and apply to it their analytical expression for attenuation on reflection. Results are corrected as necessary by application of the nondeviating region technique to take account of attenuation below the reflection level. A remarkably accurate alternative method, the phase-integral procedure, combines the two steps. Both methods can be applied with sufficient accuracy for transmission frequencies as low as 10 kHz without use of computers or elaborate codes. (Author).