Variety, Equity, and Efficiency
Author: Kelvin Lancaster
Publisher: New York : Columbia University Press
Published: 1979
Total Pages: 373
ISBN-13: 9780231046169
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Variety, Equity, and Efficiency
Author: Kelvin Lancaster
Publisher:
Published: 1979
Total Pages:
ISBN-13: 9780231899178
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Accessibility, Equity and Efficiency
Author: Karst T. Geurs
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Published: 2016-02-26
Total Pages: 260
ISBN-13: 1784717894
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Leading researchers from around the world show, in this volume, the importance of accessibility in contemporary issues such as rural depopulation, investments in public services and public transport, and transport infrastructure investments in Europe. The trade-offs between accessibility, economic development and equity are comprehensively examined, and a variety of approaches to measuring accessibility and equality presented. The book’s interdisciplinary contributions also provide different geographical contexts, from the US to various European and developing countries, and cover ex ante and ex post evaluation of transport investment. Improving transport accessibility is a main objective in transport policy and planning in developed and developing countries all over the world. Investment is motivated by the need to develop and/or reduce spatial or social inequalities. However, the economic and equity implications of investments in transport are not straightforward. The concepts of accessibility and equity can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, influencing outcomes and conclusions. Moreover, equity and efficiency goals are often conflicting. Accessibility models not only help to explain spatial and transport patterns in developed and developing countries but are also powerful tools to explain the equity and efficiency impacts of urban and transport policies and projects. This state-of-the-art overview of the accessibility–economic efficiency–equity relationship will appeal to researchers as well as transport and urban planners interested in accessibility issues and transport/regional developments.
Product Variety Management
Author: Teck-Hua Ho
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 247
ISBN-13: 1461555795
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Product proliferation has become a common phenomenon. Most companies now offer hundreds, if not thousands, of stock keeping units (SKUs) in order to compete in the market place. Companies with expanding product and service varieties face with problems of obtaining accurate demand forecasts, controlling production and inventory costs, and providing high quality and good delivery performance for the customers. Marketing managers often advocate widening product lines for increasing revenue and market share. However, the breadth of product line can also decrease the efficiency of manufacturing processes and distribution systems. Thus firms must weigh the benefits of product variety against its cost in order to determine the optimal level of product variety to offer to their customers. Academics and practitioners are interested in several fundamental questions about product variety. For instance, why do companies extend their product lines? Do consumers care about product variety? Will a brand with more variety enjoy higher market share? How should product variety be measured? How can a company exploit its product and process design to deliver a higher level of product variety quickly and cheaply? What should the level of product variety be and what should the price of each of the product variants be? What kind of 'challenges would a company face in offering a high level of product variety and how can these obstacles be overcome? The solutions to these questions span multiple functions and disciplines.
Coping with Variety
Author: Yannick Lung
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2018-08-14
Total Pages: 415
ISBN-13: 0429839936
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →First published in 1999, this book explores pint points, compares and dates the development of product differentiation and variety. This book also analyses’ how firms have embraced a variety of ways of efficiently managing this verity though production, the design of the product as well as in the relations with the suppliers and distributors.
The Territorial Organization of Variety
Author: Jerry Patchell
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 224
ISBN-13: 9781409411451
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Within the modern global economy, the wine industry seems to be an anomaly: thousands of small companies provide a vast variety of highly differentiated products, competing successfully with multinational corporations. This book argues that this is in fact the result of a sophisticated alternative organization of production on the part of the winegrowers, who have developed a set of strategies and tools appropriate to their markets and regulatory contexts.
A Guide to Equity for Variety Performers
Selected Works of Joseph E. Stiglitz
Author: Joseph E. Stiglitz
Publisher: Selected Works of Joseph E. St
Published: 2019-04-11
Total Pages: 1047
ISBN-13: 0199533725
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This is the third volume in a new, definitive, six-volume edition of the works of Joseph Stiglitz, one of today's most distinguished and controversial economists. Stiglitz was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2001 for his work on asymmetric information and is widely acknowledged as one of the pioneers in the field of modern information economics and more generally for his contributions to microeconomics. Volume III contains a selection of Joseph E. Stiglitz's work on microeconomics. It questions well-established tenets, including many that are so fundamental they are almost taken for granted, covering basic concepts of risk and markets; the management of risk; the theory of the firm; the economics of organization; and theory of human behaviour. Stiglitz reflects on his work and the field more generally throughout the volume by including substantial original introductions to the Selected Works, the volume as a whole, and each part within the volume.
Transformation of Economy as a Real Process
Author: Daniel Daianu
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2018-12-07
Total Pages: 324
ISBN-13: 0429774575
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →First published in 1998, this volume is a contribution to the economic analysis of post-communist transformation in an evolutionary-institutionalist approach. The author shows convincingly the role of path dependency, of the ways history matters for the success of otherwise sound policies, and highlights structural hindrances to fast and successful transformation. Thence emerges the key concept of strain. The book addresses the question of how to create conditions for sustainable development in societies where these are lacking, and stresses the importance of institutional change. It also emphasises the role of sound banking institutions and proper regulations, the crucial issue of financial vulnerability and fragility, the role of reputation, means to fight non-payments, limit to optimal policies, etc. The author covers a broad international literature and relates it to his insights as a local observer, which delivers an interesting reading.
Market Menagerie
Author: Smita Srinivas
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Published: 2012-04-04
Total Pages: 345
ISBN-13: 0804781915
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Market Menagerie examines technological advance and market regulation in the health industries of nations such as India, Brazil, South Africa, Nigeria, and Japan. Pharmaceutical and life science industries can reinforce economic development and industry growth, but not necessarily positive health outcomes. Yet well-crafted industrial and health policies can strengthen each other and reconcile economic and social goals. This book advocates moving beyond traditional market failure to bring together three uncommonly paired themes: the growth of industrial capabilities, the politics of health access, and the geography of production and redistribution.
