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Us-Subprime Crisis - to What Extent Can You Safeguard Financial System Risks?

Author: L. H. Jansen

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 89

ISBN-13: 3638942600

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Essen, course: General Economics, 94 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The subprime mortgage financial crisis is an ongoing financial crisis which was caused by the sharp rise in the US subprime mortgage market that began in the United States in fall 2006 and became to a global financial crisis in July 2007. Rising interest rates increased the monthly payments on newly-popular adjustable rate mortgages and property values suffered declines from the demise of the US housing bubble, leaving home owners unable to meet financial commitments and lenders without a means on their losses. Many observers believe this has resulted in a severe credit crunch, threatening the solvency of a number of financial institutions and marginal banks. Declines in stock markets worldwide, several worthless hedge funds, central bank interventions, contractions of retail profits and bankruptcy of several mortgage lenders are some of the results we saw in this subprime crisis. The crisis was caused by several reasons, e. g. the developments on the US housing market, the insolvency of many American loan takers, the absence of appropriate diligence of the financial institutions and within the created financial assets, the delayed intervention of the regulating authorities and the activities of the rating agencies while evaluating the credit derivatives and securitizations. The theoretical optimum for an investment is a high return without any risk and without loosing liquidity. The real situation shows that an investor has to match these three points optimal for his own investment strategy. A higher return is always linked to a higher risk and increased uncertainty. And if the money is expended the investor looses a part of his liquidity. Credit derivatives and securitizations are used to separate the risk of credits from the original credit relation. These in

US Subprime and Financial Crisis - To what Extent Can You Safeguard Financial System Risks?

Author: Leo H. Jansen

Publisher: Grin Publishing

Published: 2009-08

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13: 9783640398614

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Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences, Neuss, course: General Economics, language: English, abstract: The subprime mortgage financial crisis is an ongoing financial crisis which was caused by the sharp rise in the US subprime mortgage market that began in the United States in fall 2006 and became to a global financial crisis in July 2007. Rising interest rates increased the monthly payments on newly-popular adjustable rate mortgages and property values suffered declines from the demise of the US housing bubble, leaving home owners unable to meet financial commitments and lenders without a means on their losses. Many observers believe this has resulted in a severe credit crunch, threatening the solvency of a number of financial institutions and marginal banks. Declines in stock markets worldwide, several worthless hedge funds, central bank interventions, contractions of retail profits and bankruptcy of several mortgage lenders are some of the results we saw in this subprime crisis. The crisis was caused by several reasons, e. g. the developments on the US housing market, the insolvency of many American loan takers, the absence of appropriate diligence of the financial institutions and within the created financial assets, the delayed intervention of the regulating authorities and the activities of the rating agencies while evaluating the credit derivatives and securitizations. The theoretical optimum for an investment is a high return without any risk and without loosing liquidity. The real situation shows that an investor has to match these three points optimal for his own investment strategy. A higher return is always linked to a higher risk and increased uncertainty. And if the money is expended the investor looses a part of his liquidity. Credit derivatives and securitizations are used to separate the risk of credits from the

The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report

Author: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission

Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.

Published: 2011-05-01

Total Pages: 692

ISBN-13: 1616405414

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The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, published by the U.S. Government and the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in early 2011, is the official government report on the United States financial collapse and the review of major financial institutions that bankrupted and failed, or would have without help from the government. The commission and the report were implemented after Congress passed an act in 2009 to review and prevent fraudulent activity. The report details, among other things, the periods before, during, and after the crisis, what led up to it, and analyses of subprime mortgage lending, credit expansion and banking policies, the collapse of companies like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and the federal bailouts of Lehman and AIG. It also discusses the aftermath of the fallout and our current state. This report should be of interest to anyone concerned about the financial situation in the U.S. and around the world.THE FINANCIAL CRISIS INQUIRY COMMISSION is an independent, bi-partisan, government-appointed panel of 10 people that was created to "examine the causes, domestic and global, of the current financial and economic crisis in the United States." It was established as part of the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009. The commission consisted of private citizens with expertise in economics and finance, banking, housing, market regulation, and consumer protection. They examined and reported on "the collapse of major financial institutions that failed or would have failed if not for exceptional assistance from the government."News Dissector DANNY SCHECHTER is a journalist, blogger and filmmaker. He has been reporting on economic crises since the 1980's when he was with ABC News. His film In Debt We Trust warned of the economic meltdown in 2006. He has since written three books on the subject including Plunder: Investigating Our Economic Calamity (Cosimo Books, 2008), and The Crime Of Our Time: Why Wall Street Is Not Too Big to Jail (Disinfo Books, 2011), a companion to his latest film Plunder The Crime Of Our Time. He can be reached online at www.newsdissector.com.

Global Financial Stability Report, October 2019

Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2019-10-16

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 1498324029

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The October 2019 Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR) identifies the current key vulnerabilities in the global financial system as the rise in corporate debt burdens, increasing holdings of riskier and more illiquid assets by institutional investors, and growing reliance on external borrowing by emerging and frontier market economies. The report proposes that policymakers mitigate these risks through stricter supervisory and macroprudential oversight of firms, strengthened oversight and disclosure for institutional investors, and the implementation of prudent sovereign debt management practices and frameworks for emerging and frontier market economies.

Global Financial Stability Report, April 2021

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-04-06

Total Pages: 92

ISBN-13: 1513569678

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Extraordinary policy measures have eased financial conditions and supported the economy, helping to contain financial stability risks. Chapter 1 warns that there is a pressing need to act to avoid a legacy of vulnerabilities while avoiding a broad tightening of financial conditions. Actions taken during the pandemic may have unintended consequences such as stretched valuations and rising financial vulnerabilities. The recovery is also expected to be asynchronous and divergent between advanced and emerging market economies. Given large external financing needs, several emerging markets face challenges, especially if a persistent rise in US rates brings about a repricing of risk and tighter financial conditions. The corporate sector in many countries is emerging from the pandemic overindebted, with notable differences depending on firm size and sector. Concerns about the credit quality of hard-hit borrowers and profitability are likely to weigh on the risk appetite of banks. Chapter 2 studies leverage in the nonfinancial private sector before and during the COVID-19 crisis, pointing out that policymakers face a trade-off between boosting growth in the short term by facilitating an easing of financial conditions and containing future downside risks. This trade-off may be amplified by the existing high and rapidly building leverage, increasing downside risks to future growth. The appropriate timing for deployment of macroprudential tools should be country-specific, depending on the pace of recovery, vulnerabilities, and policy tools available. Chapter 3 turns to the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the commercial real estate sector. While there is little evidence of large price misalignments at the onset of the pandemic, signs of overvaluation have now emerged in some economies. Misalignments in commercial real estate prices, especially if they interact with other vulnerabilities, increase downside risks to future growth due to the possibility of sharp price corrections.

Lessons and Policy Implications from the Global Financial Crisis

Author: Mr.Luc Laeven

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2010-02-01

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 1451963025

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The ongoing global financial crisis is rooted in a combination of factors common to previous financial crises and some new factors. The crisis has brought to light a number of deficiencies in financial regulation and architecture, particularly in the treatment of systemically important financial institutions, the assessments of systemic risks and vulnerabilities, and the resolution of financial institutions. The global nature of the financial crisis has made clear that financially integrated markets, while offering many benefits, can also pose significant risks, with large real economic consequences. Deep reforms are therefore needed to the international financial architecture to safeguard the stability of an increasingly financially integrated world.

Finance & Development, June 2008

Author:

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Published: 2008-06-10

Total Pages: 57

ISBN-13: 9781451922370

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The June 2008 issue tackles the crisis in financial markets in industrial countries from a number of angles. Articles look at the origins of the crisis in the subprime mortgage market in the United States and track its spillover into other markets. Then authors examine what can be done to prevent future crises. Other articles look at bank capital adequacy rules and Basel II, whether emerging markets and industrial economies are decoupling or converging, capital flows to low-income countries, efforts to achieve the MDGs, and currency intervention. Back to Basics looks at over-the-counter (OTC) markets and the People in Economics column profiles Jacques Polak. Picture This is on the digital divide.

Crisis and Response

Author: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Publisher:

Published: 2018-03-06

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9780966180817

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Crisis and Response: An FDIC History, 2008¿2013 reviews the experience of the FDIC during a period in which the agency was confronted with two interconnected and overlapping crises¿first, the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009, and second, a banking crisis that began in 2008 and continued until 2013. The history examines the FDIC¿s response, contributes to an understanding of what occurred, and shares lessons from the agency¿s experience.

Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance

Author: El Bachir Boukherouaa

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-10-22

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 1589063953

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This paper discusses the impact of the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the financial sector. It highlights the benefits these technologies bring in terms of financial deepening and efficiency, while raising concerns about its potential in widening the digital divide between advanced and developing economies. The paper advances the discussion on the impact of this technology by distilling and categorizing the unique risks that it could pose to the integrity and stability of the financial system, policy challenges, and potential regulatory approaches. The evolving nature of this technology and its application in finance means that the full extent of its strengths and weaknesses is yet to be fully understood. Given the risk of unexpected pitfalls, countries will need to strengthen prudential oversight.

Managing Climate Risk in the U.S. Financial System

Author: Leonardo Martinez-Diaz

Publisher: U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission

Published: 2020-09-09

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 057874841X

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This publication serves as a roadmap for exploring and managing climate risk in the U.S. financial system. It is the first major climate publication by a U.S. financial regulator. The central message is that U.S. financial regulators must recognize that climate change poses serious emerging risks to the U.S. financial system, and they should move urgently and decisively to measure, understand, and address these risks. Achieving this goal calls for strengthening regulators’ capabilities, expertise, and data and tools to better monitor, analyze, and quantify climate risks. It calls for working closely with the private sector to ensure that financial institutions and market participants do the same. And it calls for policy and regulatory choices that are flexible, open-ended, and adaptable to new information about climate change and its risks, based on close and iterative dialogue with the private sector. At the same time, the financial community should not simply be reactive—it should provide solutions. Regulators should recognize that the financial system can itself be a catalyst for investments that accelerate economic resilience and the transition to a net-zero emissions economy. Financial innovations, in the form of new financial products, services, and technologies, can help the U.S. economy better manage climate risk and help channel more capital into technologies essential for the transition. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247742