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Author: Allen Newell
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 580
ISBN-13: 9780674921016
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Newell introduces Soar, an architecture for general cognition. A pioneer system in AI, Soar is the first problem-solver to create its own subgoals and learn continuously from its own experience. Its ability to operate within the real-time constraints of intelligent behavior illustrates important characteristics of human cognition.
Author: Stuart Raby
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2017-04-29
Total Pages: 427
ISBN-13: 3319552554
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →These course-tested lectures provide a technical introduction to Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (SUSY GUTs), as well as a personal view on the topic by one of the pioneers in the field. While the Standard Model of Particle Physics is incredibly successful in describing the known universe it is, nevertheless, an incomplete theory with many free parameters and open issues. An elegant solution to all of these quandaries is the proposed theory of SUSY GUTs. In a GUT, quarks and leptons are related in a simple way by the unifying symmetry and their electric charges are quantized, further the relative strength of the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces are predicted. SUSY GUTs additionally provide a framework for understanding particle masses and offer candidates for dark matter. Finally, with the extension of SUSY GUTs to string theory, a quantum-mechanically consistent unification of the four known forces (including gravity) is obtained. The book is organized in three sections: the first section contains a brief introduction to the Standard Model, supersymmetry and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Then SUSY GUTs in four space-time dimensions are introduced and reviewed. In addition, the cosmological issues concerning SUSY GUTs are discussed. Then the requirements for embedding a 4D SUSY GUT into higher-dimensional theories including gravity (i.e. String Theory) are investigated. Accordingly, section two of the course is devoted to discussing the so-called Orbifold GUTs and how in turn they solve some of the technical problems of 4D SUSY GUTs. Orbifold GUTs introduce a new set of open issues, which are then resolved in the third section in which it is shown how to embed Orbifold GUTs into the E(8) x E(8) Heterotic String in 10 space-time dimensions.
Author: Graham Ross
Publisher: Westview Press
Published: 2003-09-05
Total Pages: 512
ISBN-13: 9780805369687
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Grand Unified Theories introduces the application of gauge field theories to a unified description of the strong, electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational interactions. The phenomenological aspects of the work are emphasized and explicit calculations presented. Many of the aspects of current research, including technicolor models, supersymmetry and supergravity, and the cosmological implications of these theories, are discussed in this book.This book is suitable for graduate students with a background in quantum mechanics, and experimental and theoretical particle physicists who want to understand the grand unified theories.
Author: Gregg Henriques
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2011-08-17
Total Pages: 297
ISBN-13: 1461400589
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Concern about psychology’s fragmentation is not new, but there has for the past decade been increasing calls for psychologists to acknowledge to the costs associated with fragmentation and to search for ways to unify the discipline. A New Unified Theory of Psychology introduces a new system that addresses psychology’s current theoretical and philosophical difficulties. The new theory consists of four interlocking pieces that together provide—for the first time—a macro-level view that clarifies the nature of psychology’s problems and offers a clear way to unify the various elements of the field. The unified theory provides the field of psychology with a well-defined subject matter, allowing both academic and professional psychologists will be able to develop a shared language and conceptual foundation.
Author: Oded Galor
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Published: 2011-04-11
Total Pages: 344
ISBN-13: 140083886X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →For most of the vast span of human history, economic growth was all but nonexistent. Then, about two centuries ago, some nations began to emerge from this epoch of economic stagnation, experiencing sustained economic growth that led to significant increases in standards of living and profoundly altered the level and distribution of wealth, population, education, and health across the globe. The question ever since has been--why? This is the first book to put forward a unified theory of economic growth that accounts for the entire growth process, from the dawn of civilization to today. Oded Galor, who founded the field of unified growth theory, identifies the historical and prehistorical forces behind the differential transition timing from stagnation to growth and the emergence of income disparity around the world. Galor shows how the interaction between technological progress and population ultimately raised the importance of education in coping with the rapidly changing technological environment, brought about significant reduction in fertility rates, and enabled some economies to devote greater resources toward a steady increase in per capita income, paving the way for sustained economic growth. Presents a unified theory of economic growth from the dawn of civilization to today Explains the worldwide disparities in living standards and population we see today Provides a comprehensive overview of the three phases of the development process Analyzes the Malthusian theory and its empirical support Examines theories of demographic transition and their empirical significance Explores the interaction between economic development and human evolution
Author: Lewis D. Sargentich
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2018-04-19
Total Pages: 189
ISBN-13: 1108565301
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In his new book, Lewis D. Sargentich shows how two different kinds of legal argument - rule-based reasoning and reasoning based on principles and policies - share a surprising kinship and serve the same aspiration. He starts with the study of the rule of law in life, a condition of law that serves liberty - here called liberal legality. In pursuit of liberal legality, courts work to uphold people's legal entitlements and to confer evenhanded legal justice. Judges try to achieve the control of reason in law, which is manifest in law's coherence, and to avoid forms of arbitrariness, such as personal moral judgment. Sargentich offers a unified theory of the diverse ways of doing law, and shows that they all arise from the same root, which is a commitment to liberal legality.
Author: Frank Soos
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Published: 2000-07
Total Pages: 196
ISBN-13: 9780393319880
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →A collection of stories on general subjects. In Trip to Sometimes Island, a man realizes the limit of his ability, When the Hoot Owl Moves Its Nest is on a wife's adultery, while If You Meet the Buddha by the Road is on a precocious student.
Author: James F. Adams
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2005-03-21
Total Pages: 344
ISBN-13: 9781139444002
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book integrates spatial and behavioral perspectives - in a word, those of the Rochester and Michigan schools - into a unified theory of voter choice and party strategy. The theory encompasses both policy and non-policy factors, effects of turnout, voter discounting of party promises, expectations of coalition governments, and party motivations based on policy as well as office. Optimal (Nash equilibrium) strategies are determined for alternative models for presidential elections in the US and France, and for parliamentary elections in Britain and Norway. These polities cover a wide range of electoral rules, number of major parties, and governmental structures. The analyses suggest that the more competitive parties generally take policy positions that come close to maximizing their electoral support, and that these vote-maximizing positions correlate strongly with the mean policy positions of their supporters.
Author:
Publisher: The Noetic Press
Published:
Total Pages: 198
ISBN-13: 0967868777
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: J. Thanh Van Tran
Publisher: Atlantica Séguier Frontières
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 662
ISBN-13: 9782863321621
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