Merchants to Multinationals

Merchants to Multinationals PDF

Author: Geoffrey Jones

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2002-03-07

Total Pages: 415

ISBN-13: 0191530468

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Merchants to Multinationals examines the evolution of multinational trading companies from the eighteenth century to the present day. During the Industrial Revolution, British merchants established overseas branches which became major trade intermediaries and subsequently engaged in foreign direct investment. Complex multinational business groups emerged controlling large investments in natural resources, processing, and services in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. While theories of the firm predict the demise over time of merchant firms, this book identifies the continued resilience of British trading companies despite the changing political and business environments of the twentieth century. Like Japanese trading companies, they 're-invented' themselves in successive generations. The competences of the trading companies resided in their information-gathering, relationship-building, human resource, and corporate governance systems. This book provides a new dimension to the literature on international business through the focus on multinational service firms and its evolutionary approach based on confidential business records.

The Overseas Trade of Boston, 1279–1548

The Overseas Trade of Boston, 1279–1548 PDF

Author: Stephen H. Rigby

Publisher: Böhlau Köln

Published: 2022-11-14

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 3412526592

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At the start of the fourteenth century, Boston (Lincolnshire), was one of England's largest and wealthiest towns and played a leading role in the country's overseas trade, attracting merchants and commodities from as far afield as Italy, Gascony, the Low Countries, Germany and Scandinavia and was second only to London in many branches of trade. Yet, two centuries later, as the accounts of the royal customs reveal, Boston's overseas trade was of minor significance, as the capital came to dominate the nation's commerce at the expense of its provincial ports. This book offers a comprehensive guide to the evolution of the medieval English customs system and discusses the reliability of the sources which it generated. It brings together all the statistical data from Boston's enrolled customs accounts for the period from 1279 to 1548 concerning the fluctuations in volume of the port's trade, the transformation in the nature of its imports and exports and the changes in the origins of the merchants, whether English or alien, who traded there. It will be of interest to all scholars and students of medieval English towns and, in particular, to those concerned with Anglo-Hanseatic trade in the later Middle Ages.

Early Modern Overseas Trade and Entrepreneurship

Early Modern Overseas Trade and Entrepreneurship PDF

Author: Kaarle Wirta

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-05-19

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 1000079066

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Drawing on an impressive range of archival material, this monograph delves into the careers of two businessmen who worked for Nordic chartered monopoly trading companies to illuminate individual entrepreneurship in the context of seventeenth-century long-distance trade. The study spans the Caribbean to the Indian Ocean, examining global entanglements through personal interactions and daily trading activities between Europeans, Asian merchants and African brokers. It makes an important contribution to our understanding of the role of individuals and their networks within the great European trading companies of the early modern period. This unique book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers of economic history, business history, early modern global history and entrepreneurship.

The Northern Black Sea in Antiquity

The Northern Black Sea in Antiquity PDF

Author: Valeriya Kozlovskaya

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-07-03

Total Pages: 402

ISBN-13: 1107019516

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The Northern Black Sea in Antiquity brings together the latest research on an important region of the ancient Mediterranean world.

The Growth of English Overseas Trade in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

The Growth of English Overseas Trade in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries PDF

Author: W. E. Minchinton

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-04-01

Total Pages: 165

ISBN-13: 100087995X

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Originally published in 1969, this book discusses the growth of foreign trade between 1600 and 1775 which brought about a commercial revolution in England. English merchants developed the exchange of manufactured goods for primary products such as tobacco, sugar, cotton and silk. A notable feature of these years was the American orientation of English overseas trade. This expansion of commerce made a decisive contribution to national economic growth. Its implications for the economy as a whole and the process of industrialization are reviewed at length in the substantial introduction.

Decline and Recovery in Britain’s Overseas Trade, 1873–1914

Decline and Recovery in Britain’s Overseas Trade, 1873–1914 PDF

Author: D.C.M. Platt

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-07-27

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 1349109584

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For too long there has been an unquestioning acceptance that Britain's economic decline began long before the First World War. By focusing on international trade in the 1873-1914 period this book analyses the facts behind this myth, examining Britain's performance in comparison with that of its major rivals in the very areas where they came into competition with each other. What emerges is a much more complex picture of both losses and gains, in which Britain's position gradually adjusted to a changing world economic order, and appeared to be doing so remarkably successfully.