Lanterna Rally

Author: Anna Kukushkina

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

In 1996, the UN conference on human settlements (habitat II) was held in Turkey (Istanbul), where the Istanbul Declaration on human settlements was adopted. It notes that: "Problems related to human settlements are global in nature, but countries and regions face specific problems that require specific solutions."It is also noted that: "in order to preserve our global environment and improve the quality of life in our localities, we are committed to sustainable patterns of production, consumption, transport and human settlements development; to prevent environmental pollution; to maintain the intensity of ecosystem use and to preserve opportunities for future generations. In this regard, we will work together in a spirit of global partnership to preserve, protect and restore the health and integrity of the planet's ecosystem."The UN Secretary-General also suggested that UNEP (the UN environment programme) and habitat (the UN Centre for human settlements) should have more opportunities to work together in order to improve the effectiveness of the UN system. There are five areas in which each party can share knowledge and resources. These are: urban management and sustainability programs, remote sensing and analysis using the geographic information system (GIS), the habitat urban data program, the provision of data from the Global environmental monitoring system (gsmos) for use in habitat programs, and joint work on the preparation of guidelines for environmental planning and human settlements management.The UN motto - "One Land - one UN" speaks about the uniqueness and universality of the UN system in solving the problems of building cities and improving the quality of life. The Millennium development goals (MDGs) also address in detail the issues of environmental protection, food security, natural disasters, education, economic well-being, health and peace in cities, and ending with their proper management.It is expected that soon about 80% of the population will live in cities. Here we are talking about sustainable urban development. human-oriented. It should be a city that protects cultural heritage and does not move away from traditions, but rather enriches modernity through creativity and cultural diversity. It is a city of integration and social harmony, where society lives in peace with itself.One of the latest examples of sustainable urbanization is the China-Singapore eco-city, located in the new district of Tianjin Binhai, covering an area of 34.3 square kilometers. It should be an example of efficient use of energy and resources while maintaining economic efficiency and social harmony.A $ 16 million grant from the Global environment facility (GEF) was allocated for its development, which is only a small part of the cost. The world Bank will assist local governments in developing policies, as well as regulatory, institutional and financial mechanisms. It is assumed that by 2020, 350 thousand people will live in the eco-city.It should be noted that since cars are the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions, the project will contribute to the development of "green" transport, walking routes and Bicycle paths. It will also support the construction of "green" buildings by introducing energy-efficient technologies that are at a higher level than existing national ones.In order to achieve the agreed goals of Agenda 21, the Millennium Declaration and the habitat Agenda, regional cooperation in urban development must be developed.Urban development plays an important role not only in the development of the national and global economy, but also in the development of human potential. In the context of globalization, cities in Eastern Europe and Central Asia are in a difficult situation. The restructuring of global markets coincided with an internal transition process that affected the economy, social viability and environmental sustainability of these States. Almost all countries in the region face the challenges of sustainable urban development, improved urban governance, and affordable housing.Experience shows that cooperation mechanisms should be formed with broad public and political participation. Government agencies, research institutions, universities that train personnel in urban planning and human settlements development, local authorities, business associations, non-governmental organizations and trade unions should participate in this process.