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Translational Research Methods in Diabetes, Obesity, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Author: Andrew J. Krentz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-04-02

Total Pages: 556

ISBN-13: 3030117480

This book aims to aid the selection of the most appropriate methods for use in early phase (1 and 2) clinical studies of new drugs for diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and related cardiometabolic disorders. Clinical research methods to assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of new diabetes drugs, e.g. the euglycemic clamp technique, have become well-established in proof-of-mechanism studies. However, selection of the most appropriate techniques is by no means straightforward. Moreover, the application of such methods must conform to the regulatory requirements for new drugs. This book discusses the need for new pharmacotherapies for diabetes, obesity and NAFLD and the molecular targets of drugs currently in development. Emerging technologies including functional imaging, circulating biomarkers and omics are considered together with practical and ethical issues pertaining to early phase clinical trials in subjects with cardiometabolic disorders. Translational Research Methods in Diabetes, Obesity, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is of interest to biomedical scientists, pharmacologists, academics involved in metabolic research and clinicians practicing in these specialties.

Translational Research Methods for Diabetes, Obesity and Cardiometabolic Drug Development

Author: Andrew J. Krentz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-29

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1447149203

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The world is beset by a pandemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes and the need for new drugs is startlingly clear; recent years have seen a huge increase in research activity to fill this gap. The development of new drugs for diabetes and obesity must be founded upon a sound appreciation of the pathophysiology of these common disorders. The dual defects of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are fundamental to the pathogenesis and progression of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. There is a need to explain how new drugs can counter insulin resistance and insulin deficiency to a broad range of professionals, from clinical scientists active in early (and later) phase drug development to specialist physicians and increasingly primary care doctors who must tailor drug regimens to the individual patient. Clinical research methods for measuring insulin action and insulin secretion have become well-established in proof-of-mechanism studies; however, selection of the best techniques is by no means straightforward. The purpose of the book is to aid the selection of the most appropriate techniques for assessing insulin action, insulin secretion and body composition in humans (with particular reference to new drugs) in phase 1 and 2 studies and aid the understanding of drug effects and non-drug treatment strategies on key biochemical-hormonal defects of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The book will assume a working knowledge of human physiology relating to glucose metabolism and will be of interest to biomedical scientists, pharmacologists, academics involved in metabolic research and clinicians practicing in these specialties.

Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Author: Naga Chalasani

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-12-10

Total Pages: 378

ISBN-13: 3319205382

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This volume is the first text to concisely yet comprehensively cover developments for both alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in an organized fashion. Aspects of these two diseases covered in the book include global epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, animal models, hepatic and extra-hepatic malignancies, treatment models, and current and emerging therapies. Written by experts in the field, Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Bench to Bedside is a valuable resource for gastroenterologists, pathologists, and hepatologists who treat patients with alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Global Health Complications of Obesity

Author: Jahangir Moini

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2020-04-01

Total Pages: 482

ISBN-13: 0128197528

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Global Health Complications of Obesity presents a valuable resource for research scientists and clinicians by covering the burden of obesity and related diseases and serving as a starting point for in-depth discussions in academic settings and for obesity-treatment specialists. Obesity is associated with a statistically higher risk of heart disease, hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and many other diseases. This succinct resource focuses on the current data, research and management of obesity. It is essential reading for healthcare professionals, endocrinologists, nutritionists, public health students and medical students. Presents clinical cases, key terms and targeted references Addresses diseases including diabetes, cancer, hypertension, osteoarthritis, fatty liver disease, infertility, renal failure and depression Provides a link to new knowledge that is ideal for both researchers and clinicians

Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science

Author: Jann Hau

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-05-17

Total Pages: 1890

ISBN-13: 0429801599

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Building upon the success of previous editions of the bestselling Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, first published in 1994, this latest revision combines all three volumes in one definitive guide. It covers the essential principles and practices of Laboratory Animal Science as well as selected animal models in scientific disciplines where much progress has been made in recent years. Each individual chapter focuses on an important subdiscipline of laboratory animal science, and the chapters can be read and used as stand-alone texts, with only limited necessity to consult other chapters for information. With new contributors at the forefront of their fields, the book reflects the scientific and technological advances of the past decade. It also responds to advances in our understanding of animal behavior, emphasizing the importance of implementing the three Rs: replacing live animals with alternative methods, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize animal discomfort. This fourth edition will be useful all over the world as a textbook for laboratory animal science courses for postgraduate and undergraduate students and as a handbook for scientists who work with animals in their research, for university veterinarians, and for other specialists in laboratory animal science.

Insulin

Author: Andrew J. Krentz

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2024-01-18

Total Pages: 446

ISBN-13: 0323985696

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Insulin: Deficiency, Excess and Resistance in Human Disease provides an overview of the role of insulin in the pathogenesis of prevalent non-communicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, along with a comprehensive review of insulin replacement therapies and novel cardioprotective and insulin-sensitizing drugs. Notable advances in precision diagnosis and therapy for single gene subtypes of diabetes in recent years are also discussed. The discovery of insulin and its lifesaving introduction into clinical practice is one of the most celebrated accomplishments of medical science. However, despite decades of progress and major technical advances, the goal of providing insulin replacement therapy that truly mimics normal physiology remains elusive. Presents etiology and pathogenesis of insulin deficiency, insulin excess and insulin resistance in a wide spectrum of human diseases, ranging from rare to highly prevalent disorders Discusses the latest developments in the diagnosis and management of insulin-related disorders and prospects for future developments Explores the increasingly complex pharmacological landscape that comprises a bewildering range of drug-based interventions

Low Glycemic Index Diet

Author: Janette Brand Miller

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 9780733623561

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The Low GI Diet is the only science-based diet that is proven to help you lose weight and develop a lifetime of healthy eating habits that can help you achieve optimum health and wellbeing and protect against illness and disease. This guide features: an effective 12-week action plan based on low GI eating, exercise, and activity goals for each week which will enable you to lose up to ten per cent of your current body weight; plus an ongoing maintenance program tips to help you maintain weight loss for life delicious recipes and meal plans the GI tables with the GI values of all your favourite foods. The result: A slimmer, fitter, healthier you for the rest of your life! Brought to you by the authors of the worldwide bestselling The New Glucose Revolution series on the glycemic index, The Low GI Diet explains how choosing low GI carbohydrates can help you feel fuller for longer and increase your energy levels making weight loss achievable and sustainable. A companion volume to the newly revised and updated The Low GI Handbook. Start losing weight and improving your overall health today.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Author: Geoffrey C. Farrell

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-02-06

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 1118556224

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The sharp rise in cases of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is fast becoming one of the major concerns for hepatologists worldwide. This comprehensive clinical guide explains how to diagnose NAFLD and manage patients according to the best standards of care. Contributors from the world's leading institutions concentrate on patient care, drawing on their extensive experience.

NASH and Systemic Complications

Author: Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov

Publisher: Mdpi AG

Published: 2022-01-28

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 9783036529783

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and while most patients develop simple steatosis, up to one-third can develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is a chronic inflammatory condition of the liver that can further progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis, which may eventually lead to liver failure and death. While we have increased our mechanistic knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of NASH within the last decade, treatment options are still limited and liver biopsies have remained the gold standard for diagnosis. To achieve major clinical breakthroughs for NASH patients, it is not sufficient to use a single animal model, since each model has specific limitations. Furthermore, we should rely more on alternative models such as organ-on-a-chip, which will enable us to explore unknown aspects of disease pathogenesis much faster and serve as clinically relevant surrogates for murine models. Another important direction for the improvement of patient health is to pay more attention to extrahepatic, organ-specific and systemic effects, which are associated with NASH. The articles in this Special Issue include an up-to-date overview of the rapidly developing technologies, novel targets for intervention and insights in the field in NASH. Additionally, these articles describe the major challenges in the field, strategies to overcome them and suggestions for future directions. To improve patient's outcome, clinicians, as well as scientists with biomedical, nutrition, physics and mathematics backgrounds, should join forces. Although challenges remain, the future of the field seems promising as these novel technologies and developments are expected to lead to progress in NASH.

Diabetes in Children and Adolescents

Author: William V. Tamborlane

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-02-12

Total Pages: 269

ISBN-13: 3030641333

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Currently, available information on pediatric and adolescent diabetes is limited to chapters in larger books covering the broader topic of pediatric endocrinology, and these do not have the space to delve into specific topics. This concise, timely book contains everything that a practicing provider needs to know in order to provide comprehensive, up-to-date care for children and adolescents with diabetes, from the latest methods for diagnosing various types of diabetes to integrating cutting-edge technology in the care of this patient population. Initial management, the use of insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring, and automated insulin delivery are discussed in detail, as are nutrition therapy, exercise, psychosocial challenges, acute and long-term complications, and future directions for treatment and research. Further, this book provides clinicians with guidelines for the implementation of best practices as outlined by leading associations such as the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and International Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD). The Yale Children’s Diabetes Program has been ranked among the best in the United States, including clinicians and researchers who are world-renowned for their efforts in improving the care of children with diabetes. This wealth of knowledge and experience positions the author team well as experts in this field.