Transfer of Habituation of Motion Sickness on Change in Body Position Between Vertical and Horizontal in a Rotating Environment

Transfer of Habituation of Motion Sickness on Change in Body Position Between Vertical and Horizontal in a Rotating Environment PDF

Author: Ashton Graybiel

Publisher:

Published: 1968

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

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The changing symptomatology manifested by four normal young subjects throughout exposure to rotation in a Slow Rotation Room (SRR) was used in studying susceptibility to SRR sickness and transfer effects. A comparison was made between the effects of rotation in the SRR with man parallel (vertical mode) and those when he was at right angles (horizontal mode) to the axis of rotation, the situation in a rotating spacecraft. Attention was focused on motion sickness, ataxia, and the phenomenon of transfer of habituation. Susceptibility to motion sickness was similar in the two orientational modes. With the limitations of the experiment, the findings regarding SRR sickness indicate that habituation acquired in the SRR in one mode transfers to the other mode. The postrotatory perseveration of postural habituation to the rotating environment long after cessation of rotation shed some light on the underlying homeostatic mechanism involved. (Author).

Motion and Space Sickness

Motion and Space Sickness PDF

Author: George H. Crampton

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1990-01-17

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 9780849347030

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This compendium, written by active researchers in the field, encompasses topics ranging from anatomical and physiological subjects, through analyses of stimulus characteristics, prediction of sickness, and consideration of human factors, to pharmacological and behavioral therapeutic measures for terrestrial as well as microgravity travelers. Material often found scattered in diverse journals, paper-bound proceedings of symposia, difficult-to-find laboratory reports, or included with other topics in collections having a diffuse focus, are presented here in one volume dedicated to a single theme. The critical up-to-date- reviews are a first source for researchers and research program managers as well as an essential information source for engineers and practitioners.

Sensory Integration

Sensory Integration PDF

Author: R. Masterton

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 587

ISBN-13: 146842730X

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The principal goal of the Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology is a systematic, critical, and timely exposition of those aspects of neuroscience that have direct and immediate bearing on overt behavior. In this first volume, subtitled "Sensory Integration," the subject matter has been subdivided and the authors selected with this particular goal in mind. Although the early chapters (on the phylogeny and ontogeny of sensory systems, and on the common properties of sensory systems) are somewhat too abstract to permit many direct behavioral inferences, the focus on behavior has been maintained there too as closely as is now possible. A behavioral orientation is most obvious in the remaining chapters, which layout for each sensory modality in turn what is now known about structure-behavior relationships. The handbook is primarily intended to serve as a ready reference for two types of readers: first, practicing neuroscientists looking for a concise and authori tative treatment of developments outside of their particular specialities; and second, students of one or another branch of neuroscience who need an overview of the persistent questions and current problems surrounding the relation of the perceptual systems to behavior. The requirements imposed by the decision to address these particular audiences are reflected in the scope and style of the chapters as well as in their content.

Structural Elements in the Concept of Motion Sickness

Structural Elements in the Concept of Motion Sickness PDF

Author: Ashton Graybiel

Publisher:

Published: 1968

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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A slow rotation room in a laboratory environment provides an excellent instrument for the study of motion sickness because the experimenter can control not only the stressful Coriolis accelerations, but also other important procedural and environmental variables. By exploiting this control, combined with the judicious selection of experimental subjects, it was possible to confirm many previous findings and demonstrate that manifestations of disturbances in the vestibular system fall into two distinct categories. In the first category are reflex phenomena evoked by Coriolis accelerations when the head is rotated out of the plane of the room's rotation, and revealed through systems which, under natural stimulus conditions, have functional articulations with vestibular receiving areas. The symptomatology in the second category comprises an epiphenomenon superimposed on any manifestation of the first, when the unusual vestibular activity, presumably through facilitory-inhibitory processes, irradiates to cells or cell assemblies not normally stimulated. Selected experimental findings are used in defining the characteristics of manifestations in the two categories and in demonstrating the nature of the facultative linkage between the otherwise independent systems underlying manifestations in the two categories.

Reports

Reports PDF

Author: Naval School of Aviation Medicine (U.S.)

Publisher:

Published: 1967

Total Pages: 278

ISBN-13:

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Vestibular Function on Earth and in Space

Vestibular Function on Earth and in Space PDF

Author: J. Stahle

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 326

ISBN-13: 148314853X

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Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series, Volume 15: Vestibular Function on Earth and in Space provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of vestibular research. This book discusses the problems concerned with space, with emphasis on the importance of the vestibular apparatus in space flight. Organized into 32 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mechanisms and processes for creating the chemical composition of endolymph. This text then examines the speculative comparisons between prolonged exposure in a manne weightless space station and in a rotating space station. Other chapters consider the relationships between vestibular nystagmus and degradation of visual acuity when the vestibular stimuli interfere with voluntary efforts to see specific visual detail. This book discusses as well the concepts concerning the distribution of function between semicircular canals and otolith organs. The final chapter deals with the method for selective marking of neurons after axonal transection. This book is a valuable resource for otologists and scientists.

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