Theory of Nouns

Theory of Nouns PDF

Author: Anil Thakur

Publisher: Partridge Publishing

Published: 2015-02-20

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13: 1482845822

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This book studies the nouns at their syntactic level and compares their internal structure with that of the verbs. The major part of the book is drawn from my doctoral work on the structure of the Hindi nouns within the theoretical approach of determiner phrase analysis in the generative linguistics framework. The book investigates the structure of the nominal phrase in Hindi under the theoretical assumptions that nouns and verbs parallel in their internal structure. That is, nouns and verbs and for that matter other words, that either associate with the nouns or the verbs, are identical inside, in their internal world. This assumption has been called determiner phrase analysis of the nominal elements in the existing literature (Abney 1987). I draw upon evidence from the different phenomena of the nominal phrases, such as the genitive constructions, (in)definiteness, focus and topic inside them, displacement phenomenon within the noun and the gerund constructions. The study is reported in three chapters.

Formal Semantics of Natural Language

Formal Semantics of Natural Language PDF

Author: Edward L. Keenan

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-05-07

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780521111119

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A volume of studies in natural language semantics which brings together work by philosophers, logicians and linguists. The main topics treated are: quantification and reference in natural language; the relations between formal logic, programming languages and natural language; pragmatics and discourse meaning; surface syntax and logical meaning. The volume derives from a colloquium organised in 1973 by the Kings College Research Centre, Cambridge and the papers have been edited for publication by Professor Keenan. It is hoped that the collection will make available some of the best work in this fast-moving field and will stimulate further progress by juxtaposing the different approaches and interests represented here.

Theory and Typology of Proper Names

Theory and Typology of Proper Names PDF

Author: Willy Van Langendonck

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2007-01-01

Total Pages: 394

ISBN-13: 3110197855

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This book proposes a new synthesis of the functions of proper names, from a semantic, pragmatic and syntactic perspective. Proper names are approached constructionally, distinguishing prototypical uses from more marked ones such as those in which names are used as common nouns. Since what is traditionally regarded as 'the' class of names turns out to be only one possible function of name-forms (though a prototypical one), the notion of 'proprial lemma' is introduced as the concept behind both proprial and appellative uses of such categories as place names and personal names. New formal arguments are adduced to distinguish proper name function from common noun or pronoun function. The special status of proper names is captured in a unified pragmatic-semantic-syntactic theory: a proper name denotes a unique entity at the level of langue to make it psychosocially salient within a given basic level category. The meaning of the name, if any, does not determine its denotation. An important formal reflection of this characterization of names is their ability to appear in such close appositional constructions as the poet Burns or Fido the dog. The neurolinguistic finding that proper names constitute a separate category is introduced and interpreted within a general linguistic frame of reference. The different kinds of meanings associated with names (categorical, associative, emotive, and grammatical) are shown to be presuppositional in nature. In addition, the book proposes an entirely new classification of proper names as forming a continuum ranging from prototypical (personal and place names) to nonprototypical categories (brand and language names) to citations and autonyms, and a new diachronic classification of family names and nicknames. This book fills an important gap in the current literature, because the most recent linguistic book in English on name theory dates back to 1973. It is explicitly interdisciplinary, taking into account linguistic, philosophical, neurolinguistic, sociolinguistic and dialect geographical aspects of proper names.

Categorial Features

Categorial Features PDF

Author: Phoevos Panagiotidis

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 1107038111

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Proposes a novel theory of parts of speech, bringing together the latest research and discoveries.

An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory

An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory PDF

Author: Dominique Sportiche

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-09-30

Total Pages: 472

ISBN-13: 1118470478

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An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory offersbeginning students a comprehensive overview of and introduction toour current understanding of the rules and principles that governthe syntax of natural languages. Includes numerous pedagogical features such as‘practice’ boxes and sidebars, designed to facilitateunderstanding of both the ‘hows’ and the‘whys’ of sentence structure Guides readers through syntactic and morphological structuresin a progressive manner Takes the mystery out of one of the most crucial aspects of theworkings of language – the principles and processes behindthe structure of sentences Ideal for students with minimal knowledge of current syntacticresearch, it progresses in theoretical difficulty from basic ideasand theories to more complex and advanced, up to date concepts insyntactic theory

Grammar in Theory and in Practice

Grammar in Theory and in Practice PDF

Author: David Nicholls

Publisher: David Nicholls

Published: 2020-12-18

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13:

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What are word classes? How can we recognize them? What role do they play in regards to punctuation? Grammar in Theory and in Practice was written for those who want straight answers, in plain English, to these crucial, yet rarely asked, questions.This essential guide empowers students to identify parts of speech rapidly, to employ punctuation marks confidently, and to examine syntax precisely, in four popular GCSE texts: Lord of the Flies, Animal Farm, Frankenstein, and 1984. Grammatical categories are neatly defined in the glossary, and each chapter is packed with practical and demanding exercises, testing your knowledge of nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, and prepositions. Topics range from the relatively simple, such as common pronoun errors or subject-verb agreement problems, to the somewhat complex, such as appositives, participles, or rhetorical devices. At the end of the course, there is a large punctuation section that revises the usage of commas, colons, semicolons, hyphens, and apostrophes.

Grammatical Number in English Nouns

Grammatical Number in English Nouns PDF

Author: Mark A. Wickens

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 9027235732

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Apart from the coverage given to it in the grammars, number in English nouns has received relatively little attention, especially in the area of theoretical considerations. Guided by the principles of psychomechanics, Hirtle (1982a) put forth a fairly elaborate theory of number in English nouns. The aim of this work is to provide evidence to validate parts of Hirtle's theory, to verify some of his analyses, and to investigate several problems, some of which are mentioned in his work as subjects for further research. Specific areas treated are ailment nouns, liquid names, ending in "-ings," binary objects, abstract "-s," and external singulars.

English General Nouns

English General Nouns PDF

Author: Michaela Mahlberg

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2005-01-01

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 9789027222916

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This book proposes an innovative approach to general nouns. General nouns are defined as high-frequency nouns that are characterized by their textual functions. Although the concept is motivated by Halliday & Hasan (1976), the corpus theoretical approach adopted in the present study is fundamentally different and set in a linguistic framework that prioritizes lexis. The study investigates 20 nouns that are very frequent in mainstream English, as represented by the Bank of English Corpus. The corpus-driven approach to the data involves a critical discussion of descriptive tools, such as patterns, semantic prosodies, and primings of lexical items, and the concept of? local textual functions? is put forward to characterize the functions of the nouns in texts. The study not only suggests a characterization of general nouns, but also stresses that functions of lexical items and properties of texts are closely linked. This link requires new ways of describing language.

The Meaning of Nouns

The Meaning of Nouns PDF

Author: M.M. Deshpande

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 307

ISBN-13: 9401127514

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Kaun&ddotu;abhatta's Vaiyakarana-bhusana is a massive work on semantic theory written in India in the 17th century. Kaun&ddotu;abhatta belonged to the tradition of Sanskrit grammar and in this work he consolidated the philosophy of language developed in the Paninian tradition of Sanskrit grammar. Kaun&ddotu;abhatta's work takes account of the philosophical debate which occurred in classical and medieval India among the philosophers and grammarians from about 500 B.C. to the 17th century A.D. Kaun&ddotu;abhatta's work primarily represents this debate between the traditions of Sanskrit grammar, Mi&mdotu;amsa, and Nyaya-Vaisesika. It discusses ontological, epistemological, and exegetical issues concerning the notion of meaning as it relates to the various components of language. The present book is a heavily annotated translation of the Namartha-nirnaya section of Kaun&ddotu;abhatta's Vaiyakarana-bhusana, with an extensive introduction. While there are several books that discuss Indian semantic theories in general terms, this book belongs to a small class of intensive, focused studies of densely written philosophical texts which examines each argument in its historical and philosophical context. It is of interest to all students of philosophy of language in general, and to students of Indian philosophy in particular.

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