The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity

The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity PDF

Author: Stephen W. Link

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-03-09

Total Pages: 307

ISBN-13: 0429620063

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Two experimental procedures prompted the empirical development of psychophysical models: those that measure response frequency, often referred to as response probability; and those that measure response time, sometimes referred to as reaction time. The history of psychophysics is filled with theories that predict one or the other of these two responses. Yet the persistent reappearance of empirical relationships between these two measures of performance makes clear the need for a theory that both predicts and relates these two measures. Most likely, both response measures are the result of a single process that generates empirical laws relating response time and response probability. It is this process — its theory, description, and application — that is the topic of The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity. Originally published in 1992, the author of this book has set out to provide a theoretical foundation for formulating new theories that systematize earlier results and to stimulate new concepts and introduce new tools for exploring mental phenomena and improving mental measurement.

Measurement With Persons

Measurement With Persons PDF

Author: Birgitta Berglund

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2013-05-13

Total Pages: 423

ISBN-13: 1136723749

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Measurements with persons are those in which human perception and interpretation are used for measuring complex, holistic quantities and qualities, which are perceived by the human brain and mind. Providing means for reproducible measurement of parameters such as pleasure and pain has important implications in evaluating all kind of products, services, and conditions. This book inaugurates a new era for this subject: a multi- and inter-disciplinary volume in which world-renowned scientists from the psychological, physical, biological, and social sciences reach a common understanding of measurement theory and methods. In the first section, generic theoretical and methodological issues are treated, including the conceptual basis of measurement in the various fields involved; the development of formal, representational, and probabilistic theories; the approach to experimentation; and the theories, models, and methods for multidimensional problems. In the second section, several implementation areas are presented, including sound, visual, skin, and odor perception, functional brain imagining, body language and emotions, and, finally, the use of measurements in decision making Measurement with Persons will appeal to a wide audience across a range of sciences, including general psychology and psychophysics, measurement theory, metrology and instrumentation, neurophysiology, engineering, biology, and chemistry.

The Creation of Scientific Psychology

The Creation of Scientific Psychology PDF

Author: David J. Murray

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-02-15

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 1317218590

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Facilitates a rapprochement between psychology and physics. Brings measurement and mathematics into the study of the mind. This detailed and engaging account fills a deep gap in the history of psychology.

Computational Modeling of Vision

Computational Modeling of Vision PDF

Author: William Uttal

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-02-02

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780824702427

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Defines a unified theory of vision in which nearly independent components of visual stimuli are recombined and synthesized at high levels of neural processing to produce the richness of visual experience. The text illustrates how visual systems gather, process and reconstruct information about objects in two and three dimensions.

The Oxford Handbook of Computational and Mathematical Psychology

The Oxford Handbook of Computational and Mathematical Psychology PDF

Author: Jerome R. Busemeyer

Publisher: Oxford Library of Psychology

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 0199957991

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This Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of important developments in computational and mathematical psychology. With chapters written by leading scientists across a variety of subdisciplines, it examines the field's influence on related research areas such as cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, and neuroscience. TheHandbook emphasizes examples and applications of the latest research, and will appeal to readers possessing various levels of modeling experience. The Oxford Handbook of Computational and mathematical Psychology covers the key developments in elementary cognitive mechanisms (signal detection, information processing, reinforcement learning), basic cognitive skills (perceptual judgment, categorization, episodic memory), higher-level cognition (Bayesian cognition, decision making, semantic memory, shape perception), modeling tools (Bayesian estimation and other new model comparison methods), and emerging new directions in computation and mathematical psychology (neurocognitive modeling, applications to clinical psychology, quantum cognition). The Handbook would make an ideal graduate-level textbook for courses in computational and mathematical psychology. Readers ranging from advanced undergraduates to experienced faculty members and researchers in virtually any area of psychology--including cognitive science and related social and behavioral sciences such as consumer behavior and communication--will find the text useful.

The God/Man/World Triangle

The God/Man/World Triangle PDF

Author: R. Crawford

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1997-10-06

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 0230509223

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Why is there a world? Does it reflect the presence of God in any way? Did the world spontaneously come into existence or is there a creator? How will it end? Does God Exist? Do religions give a coherent view of His existence and nature? Can we enter into relation with Him? Robert Crawford tries to answer these and other questions by arguing that religion and science complement one another and, while they use different sources and methods, insights can be gleaned from both concerning our nature, the world, and God. Major attention is given to Christianity because modern science arose in that context but the discussion includes the teachings of five other religions in the hope that we can also learn from them.

The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS)

The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) PDF

Author: Robert A. Wilson

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2001-09-04

Total Pages: 1106

ISBN-13: 9780262731447

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Since the 1970s the cognitive sciences have offered multidisciplinary ways of understanding the mind and cognition. The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) is a landmark, comprehensive reference work that represents the methodological and theoretical diversity of this changing field. At the core of the encyclopedia are 471 concise entries, from Acquisition and Adaptationism to Wundt and X-bar Theory. Each article, written by a leading researcher in the field, provides an accessible introduction to an important concept in the cognitive sciences, as well as references or further readings. Six extended essays, which collectively serve as a roadmap to the articles, provide overviews of each of six major areas of cognitive science: Philosophy; Psychology; Neurosciences; Computational Intelligence; Linguistics and Language; and Culture, Cognition, and Evolution. For both students and researchers, MITECS will be an indispensable guide to the current state of the cognitive sciences.

The Death of Argument

The Death of Argument PDF

Author: J.H. Woods

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-09

Total Pages: 387

ISBN-13: 1402027125

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The present work is a fair record of work I've done on the fallacies and related matters in the fifteen years since 1986. The book may be seen as a sequel to Fallacies: Selected papers 1972-1982, which I wrote with Douglas Walton, and which appeared in 1989 with Foris. This time I am on my own. Douglas Walton has, long since, found his own voice, as the saying has it; and so have I. Both of us greatly value the time we spent performing duets, but we also recognize the attractions of solo work. If I had to characterize the difference that has manifested itself in our later work, I would venture that Walton has strayed more, and I less, from what has come to be called the Woods-Walton Approach to the study of fallacies. Perhaps, on reflection "stray" is not the word for it, inasmuch as Walton's deviation from and my fidelity to the WWA are serious matters of methodological principle. The WWA was always conceived of as a way of handling the analysis of various kinds of fallacious argument or reasoning. It was a response to a particular challenge [Hamblin, 1970]. The challenge was that since logicians had allowed the investigation of fallacious reasoning to fall into disgraceful disarray, it was up to them to put things right. Accordingly, the WWA sought these repairs amidst the rich pluralisms of logic in the 1970s and beyond.

Elementary Quantum Mechanics (Expanded Edition)

Elementary Quantum Mechanics (Expanded Edition) PDF

Author: Fong Peter

Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company

Published: 2005-06-16

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 9813102004

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Quantum mechanics is a difficult subject for students to learn after years of rigorous training in classical physics. In quantum mechanics they have to abandon what they have laboriously learned and adopt a new system of thinking.In the previous edition of this book, the author reformulated classical mechanics as a classical theory with an undetermined constant. As the constant approaches zero the theory reduces to Newton's exactly, but when set equal to the Planck constant the theory reduces to the Schrödinger representation of quantum mechanics. Thus the new theory, at least in its mathematical form, can be learned without ramifications and complexity. Over the years, the book has shepherded the growth of a generation of physicists.In this expanded edition, a similar trick is applied to introduce matrix mechanics. The matrix formulation presented allows quantum theory to be generalized to new physical systems such as electron spin, which cannot be done by the Schrödinger approach.The result is a textbook which promises to provide a future generation of students a clear, usable and authoritative resource to study the fundamentals of quantum mechanics. Twenty new problems are added to existing chapters.

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