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The Use of Foreign Exchange Swaps by Central Banks

Author: Ms.Catharina J. Hooyman

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1993-08-01

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13: 145184848X

The paper discussed the use of foreign exchange swaps by central banks. Such use has aimed at affecting domestic liquidity, managing foreign exchange reserves, and stimulating domestic financial markets. It discusses these different uses and present evidence for a selected group of countries. The paper cautions about the use of foreign exchange swaps to defend a particular exchange rate at a time when foreign exchange reserves are under pressure. It notes, finally, that use of foreign exchange swaps by central banks has been losing importance.

The Use of Foreign Exchange Swaps by Central Banks

Author: Catharina Hooyman

Publisher:

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13:

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FX Swaps

Author: Ms.Li L. Ong

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2010-03-01

Total Pages: 47

ISBN-13: 145196353X

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The proliferation of foreign exchange (FX) swaps as a source of funding and as a hedging tool has focused attention on the role of the FX swap market in the recent crisis. The turbulence in international money markets spilled over into the FX swap market in the second-half of 2007 and into 2008, giving rise to concerns over the ability of banks to roll over their funding requirements and manage their liquidity risk. The turmoil also raised questions about banks' ability to continue their supply of credit to the local economy, as well as the external financing gap it could create. In this paper, we examine the channels through which FX swap transactions could affect a country's financial and economic stability, and highlight the strategies central banks can employ to mitigate market pressures. While not offering any judgment on the instrument itself, we show that the use of FX swaps for funding and hedging purposes is not infallible, especially during periods of market stress.

International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity

Author: International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2015-01-07

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1484350162

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This update of the guidelines published in 2001 sets forth the underlying framework for the Reserves Data Template and provides operational advice for its use. The updated version also includes three new appendices aimed at assisting member countries in reporting the required data.

Central Bank Dollar Swap Lines and Overseas Dollar Funding Costs

Author: Linda S. Goldberg

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2010-08

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 143793093X

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Following a scarcity of dollar funding available internationally to banks and financial institutions, in Dec. 2007 the Federal Reserve began to establish or expand Temporary Reciprocal Currency Arrangements with 14 foreign central banks. These central banks had the capacity to use these swap facilities to provide dollar liquidity to institutions in their jurisdictions. This paper presents the developments in the dollar swap facilities through the end of 2009. The facilities were a response to dollar funding shortages outside the U.S. during a period of market dysfunction. The dollar swap lines among central banks were effective at reducing the dollar funding pressures abroad and stresses in money markets. Charts and tables.

Evolution of Bilateral Swap Lines

Author: Michael Perks

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-08-06

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13: 1513590138

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This paper makes contributions to the study of bilateral swap lines (BSLs). First, this paper fills a BSL information gap by constructing a comprehensive database of BSLs based on publicly available information, including after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, the paper provides the results of regression analysis exploring several empirical questions that were not covered in previous studies. The paper documents the evolution of BSLs into an important part of the Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN), with some helping to stabilize financial market during both the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis suggests that countries on the recipient side of BSLs are more likely to sign and renew BSLs designed to alleviate balance of payments needs as their external position weakens. U.S. Federal Reserve BSLs appear to have been effective at stabilizing financial market conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Strained Relations

Author: Michael D. Bordo

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2015-03-02

Total Pages: 453

ISBN-13: 022605151X

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During the twentieth century, foreign-exchange intervention was sometimes used in an attempt to solve the fundamental trilemma of international finance, which holds that countries cannot simultaneously pursue independent monetary policies, stabilize their exchange rates, and benefit from free cross-border financial flows. Drawing on a trove of previously confidential data, Strained Relations reveals the evolution of US policy regarding currency market intervention, and its interaction with monetary policy. The authors consider how foreign-exchange intervention was affected by changing economic and institutional circumstances—most notably the abandonment of the international gold standard—and how political and bureaucratic factors affected this aspect of public policy.

Foreign Exchange Intervention Rules for Central Banks: A Risk-based Framework

Author: Romain Lafarguette

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-02-12

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13: 1513569406

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This paper presents a rule for foreign exchange interventions (FXI), designed to preserve financial stability in floating exchange rate arrangements. The FXI rule addresses a market failure: the absence of hedging solution for tail exchange rate risk in the market (i.e. high volatility). Market impairment or overshoot of exchange rate between two equilibria could generate high volatility and threaten financial stability due to unhedged exposure to exchange rate risk in the economy. The rule uses the concept of Value at Risk (VaR) to define FXI triggers. While it provides to the market a hedge against tail risk, the rule allows the exchange rate to smoothly adjust to new equilibria. In addition, the rule is budget neutral over the medium term, encourages a prudent risk management in the market, and is more resilient to speculative attacks than other rules, such as fixed-volatility rules. The empirical methodology is backtested on Banco Mexico’s FXIs data between 2008 and 2016.

Covered Interest Parity Deviations: Macrofinancial Determinants

Author: Mr.Eugenio M Cerutti

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2019-01-16

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 1484395212

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For about three decades until the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), Covered Interest Parity (CIP) appeared to hold quite closely—even as a broad macroeconomic relationship applying to daily or weekly data. Not only have CIP deviations significantly increased since the GFC, but potential macrofinancial drivers of the variation in CIP deviations have also become significant. The variation in CIP deviations seems to be associated with multiple factors, not only regulatory changes. Most of these do not display a uniform importance across currency pairs and time, and some are associated with possible temporary considerations (such as asynchronous monetary policy cycles).

Coordinated Portfolio investment Survey

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1997-01-01

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 1455216569

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This paper presents a coordinated portfolio investment survey guide provided to assist national compilers in the conduct of the Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey, conducted under the auspices of the IMF with reference to the year-end 1997. The guide covers a variety of conceptual issues that a country must address when conducting a survey. It also covers the practical issues associated with preparing for a national survey. These include setting a timetable, taking account of the legal and confidentiality issues raised, developing a mailing list, and maintaining quality control checks.