The Two Plus Four Negotiations from a German-German Perspective

The Two Plus Four Negotiations from a German-German Perspective PDF

Author: Barbara Munske

Publisher: Lit Verlag

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13:

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" This book contains interviews with the participants of the two German negotiation delegations, participating in the so-called ""2 + 4"" negotiations on the external aspects of German unification, including the two German former Foreign Ministers. The material that Barbara Munske makes available to the international political science community is unusual in two regards: First, it is extremely rare that diplomats are willing and open to talk about their experiences during a negotiation process. Second, the German unification process receives an added, detailed account of how the negotiations progressed. Much has been written about the German unification process but personal accounts of the external aspects of German unification are difficult to find. Due to the personal accounts of the negotiators involved, the reader will almost be able to feel the tension and diversity of opinions of the two German delegations. The focus of the study is the delegation of the former GDR. All participants of that delegation where prepared to talk intensively with Ms. Munske about their experiences and thoughts. Due to the psychosocial analytical approach that this book entails, especially the focus on the question of power and dominance in a negotiation setting, the book shows once more that concentrating in analysis solely on content and not on atmospheres of international negotiations, ignores formative elements in decision-making. "

2 Plus 4 Equals One - Was Diplomacy Vital for Achieving German Reunification?

2 Plus 4 Equals One - Was Diplomacy Vital for Achieving German Reunification? PDF

Author: Florian Heyden

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2007-08-24

Total Pages: 41

ISBN-13: 3638770745

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Essay from the year 2006 in the subject Politics - Political Systems - History, grade: Merit (Gut), King s College London (Department of War Studies), 15 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Until not long before the events of 1989, political union between the two German states appeared far off. In fact, in early 1989, articles appeared in the International Herald Tribune proposing the German politicians give up the idea of German reunification1. Yet within little more than a year, Germany had acceded to full political union and sovereignty, without allies or neighbours objecting. We will ask ourselves how this seeming contradiction came to happen and what role diplomacy played in making it possible. To do this, we will separate the course of events in two sections, the first one -less formalised- focusing more on the question if reunification would happen, followed by the second -more formalised- focusing on the terms of reunification. In the third part we will face the question what role the shape of consultations, notably the 2+4 (two German states plus four allied powers), played in the successful outcome of German moves towards reunification.

Germany Unified and Europe Transformed

Germany Unified and Europe Transformed PDF

Author: Philip Zelikow

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 493

ISBN-13: 9780674353251

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This work provides an analysis of the moves and manoeuvres that brought an end to the Cold War division of Europe. Coverage includes discussion of the opening of the Berlin Wall and a study of the relationship between West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and reform Communist leader, Hans Modrow.

How Germans Negotiate

How Germans Negotiate PDF

Author: W. R. Smyser

Publisher: US Institute of Peace Press

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 9781929223404

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Instead, it's based on logic, rigor, and tenacity, qualities that make negotiations challenging but potentially rewarding encounters. "Negotiations with Germans can be difficult," notes Smyser, "but careful preparation and informed understanding can produce good results, especially if one knows the kinds of mistakes to avoid."".

Negotiating the Secular and the Religious in the German Empire

Negotiating the Secular and the Religious in the German Empire PDF

Author: Rebekka Habermas

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2019-03-27

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 1789201527

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With its rapid industrialization, modernization, and gradual democratization, Imperial Germany has typically been understood in secular terms. However, religion and religious actors actually played crucial roles in the history of the Kaiserreich, a fact that becomes particularly evident when viewed through a transnational lens. In this volume, leading scholars of sociology, religious studies, and history study the interplay of secular and religious worldviews beyond the simple interrelation of practices and ideas. By exploring secular perspectives, belief systems, and rituals in a transnational context, they provide new ways of understanding how the borders between Imperial Germany’s secular and religious spheres were continually made and remade.

Dissolution

Dissolution PDF

Author: Charles S. Maier

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 1999-03-21

Total Pages: 460

ISBN-13: 0691007462

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Against the backdrop of the sudden and unexpected fall of communism, Harvard history teacher Charles Maier traces the demise of East Germany". . . . an historian whose writing talks both to political scientists and to lay readers . . . combines probing historical examination with disciplined and informed political analysis".Richard H. Ullman, Princeton Universtiy.

The Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles PDF

Author: Michael S. Neiberg

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017-07-03

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13: 0190659203

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Signed on June 28, 1919 between Germany and the principal Allied powers, the Treaty of Versailles formally ended World War I. Problematic from the very beginning, even its contemporaries saw the treaty as a mediocre compromise, creating a precarious order in Europe and abroad and destined to fall short of ensuring lasting peace. At the time, observers read the treaty through competing lenses: a desire for peace after five years of disastrous war, demands for vengeance against Germany, the uncertain future of colonialism, and, most alarmingly, the emerging threat of Bolshevism. A century after its signing, we can look back at how those developments evolved through the twentieth century, evaluating the treaty and its consequences with unprecedented depth of perspective. The author of several award-winning books, Michael S. Neiberg provides a lucid and authoritative account of the Treaty of Versailles, explaining the enormous challenges facing those who tried to put the world back together after the global destruction of the World War I. Rather than assessing winners and losers, this compelling book analyzes the many subtle factors that influenced the treaty and the dominant, at times ambiguous role of the "Big Four" leaders?Woodrow Wilson of the United States, David Lloyd George of Great Britain, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando of Italy, and Georges Clémenceau of France. The Treaty of Versailles was not solely responsible for the catastrophic war that crippled Europe and the world just two decades later, but it played a critical role. As Neiberg reminds us, to understand decolonization, World War II, the Cold War, and even the complex world we inhabit today, there is no better place to begin than with World War I and the treaty that tried, and perhaps failed, to end it.

A History of Modern Germany

A History of Modern Germany PDF

Author: Dietrich Orlow

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-07-17

Total Pages: 458

ISBN-13: 1351017977

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A History of Modern Germany is a well-established text that presents a balanced survey of the last 150 years of German history, stretching from nineteenth-century imperial Germany, through political division and reunification, and into the present day. Beginning in the early 1870s and covering topics such as Wilhelmenian Germany, the World Wars, revolution, inflation and putsches, the Weimar Republic, the Federal Republic and the German Democratic Republic, the book offers a comprehensive overview of the entire period of modern German history. Fully updated throughout, this new edition details foreign policy, political and economic history and includes increased coverage of social and cultural history, and history ‘from the bottom up’, as well as containing a new chapter that brings it right up to the present day. The book is supported by full discussion of past and present historiographic debates, illustrations, maps, further readings and biographies of key German political, economic and cultural figures within the Im Mittelpunkt feature. Fully exploring the complicated path of Germany’s troubled past and stable present, A History of Modern Germany provides the perfect grounding for all students of German history.

The Reparations Controversy

The Reparations Controversy PDF

Author: Yaakov Sharett

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2011-08-29

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 3110255383

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This book about the reparations issue ("Wiedergutmachung" in German; "shilumim" in Hebrew) brings together selected protocols of all debates held in the Knesset, in its Foreign Affairs and Security Committee, in the Government and in the high councils of the ruling party Mapai, regarding conducting negotiations with the West German Government. This is the first book documenting confidential protocols lately opened to the public. With the elaborate introduction by Yehiam Weitz, this book will serve as a basic textbook for an important chapter not only in Israeli and German history, but also in post-war history in general.

Not One Inch

Not One Inch PDF

Author: M. E. Sarotte

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 2021-11-30

Total Pages: 567

ISBN-13: 030026335X

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Thirty years after the Soviet Union’s collapse, this book reveals how tensions between America, NATO, and Russia transformed geopolitics in the decade after the fall of the Berlin Wall “The most engaging and carefully documented account of this period in East-West diplomacy currently available.”—Andrew Moravscik, Foreign Affairs Not one inch. With these words, Secretary of State James Baker proposed a hypothetical bargain to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev after the fall of the Berlin Wall: if you let your part of Germany go, we will move NATO not one inch eastward. Controversy erupted almost immediately over this 1990 exchange—but more important was the decade to come, when the words took on new meaning. Gorbachev let his Germany go, but Washington rethought the bargain, not least after the Soviet Union’s own collapse in December 1991. Washington realized it could not just win big but win bigger. Not one inch of territory needed to be off limits to NATO. On the thirtieth anniversary of the Soviet collapse, this book uses new evidence and interviews to show how, in the decade that culminated in Vladimir Putin’s rise to power, the United States and Russia undermined a potentially lasting partnership. Prize-winning historian M. E. Sarotte shows what went wrong.