Classification in the Wild

Classification in the Wild PDF

Author: Konstantinos V. Katsikopoulos

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2021-02-02

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 0262361957

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Rules for building formal models that use fast-and-frugal heuristics, extending the psychological study of classification to the real world of uncertainty. This book focuses on classification--allocating objects into categories--"in the wild," in real-world situations and far from the certainty of the lab. In the wild, unlike in typical psychological experiments, the future is not knowable and uncertainty cannot be meaningfully reduced to probability. Connecting the science of heuristics with machine learning, the book shows how to create formal models using classification rules that are simple, fast, and transparent and that can be as accurate as mathematically sophisticated algorithms developed for machine learning.

The Nature of Classification

The Nature of Classification PDF

Author: J. Wilkins

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-11-27

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 1137318120

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Discussing the generally ignored issue of the classification of natural objects in the philosophy of science, this book focuses on knowledge and social relations, and offers a way to understand classification as a necessary aspect of doing science.

Carl Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus PDF

Author: Margaret J. Anderson

Publisher: Enslow Publishing, LLC

Published: 2014-12-15

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 0766065448

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How can we organize and name all of the different animals and plants in the world? Many had tried before, but Carl Linnaeus came up with a system that we still use today. This Swedish scientist from over 300 years ago is known as the father of classification. Linnaeus’s system gave each plant or animal just two names. For example, the scientific term for human beings is Homo sapiens. In Latin, Homo means "man" and sapiens means "wise."

Do Species Exist?

Do Species Exist? PDF

Author: Werner Kunz

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-08-02

Total Pages: 371

ISBN-13: 3527664262

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A readily comprehensible guide for biologists, field taxonomists and interested laymen to one of the oldest problems in biology: the species problem. Written by a geneticist with extensive experience in field taxonomy, this practical book provides the sound scientific background to the problems arising with classifying organisms according to species. It covers the main current theories of specification and gives a number of examples that cannot be explained by any single theory alone.

Classification of Life

Classification of Life PDF

Author: Melissa Stewart

Publisher: Twenty-First Century Books

Published: 2007-08-01

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13: 0822566044

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Tells the story of how the science of classification has revolutionized the way we look at life on our planet.

Natural Kinds and Classification in Scientific Practice

Natural Kinds and Classification in Scientific Practice PDF

Author: Catherine Kendig

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-12-22

Total Pages: 402

ISBN-13: 1317215427

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This edited volume of 13 new essays aims to turn past discussions of natural kinds on their head. Instead of presenting a metaphysical view of kinds based largely on an unempirical vantage point, it pursues questions of kindedness which take the use of kinds and activities of kinding in practice as significant in the articulation of them as kinds. The book brings philosophical study of current and historical episodes and case studies from various scientific disciplines to bear on natural kinds as traditionally conceived of within metaphysics. Focusing on these practices reveals the different knowledge-producing activities of kinding and processes involved in natural kind use, generation, and discovery. Specialists in their field, the esteemed group of contributors use diverse empirically responsive approaches to explore the nature of kindhood. This groundbreaking volume presents detailed case studies that exemplify kinding in use. Newly written for this volume, each chapter engages with the activities of kinding across a variety of disciplines. Chapter topics include the nature of kinds, kindhood, kinding, and kind-making in linguistics, chemical classification, neuroscience, gene and protein classification, colour theory in applied mathematics, homology in comparative biology, sex and gender identity theory, memory research, race, extended cognition, symbolic algebra, cartography, and geographic information science. The volume seeks to open up an as-yet unexplored area within the emerging field of philosophy of science in practice, and constitutes a valuable addition to the disciplines of philosophy and history of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

The Nature of Classification

The Nature of Classification PDF

Author: J. Wilkins

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-11-27

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 1137318120

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Discussing the generally ignored issue of the classification of natural objects in the philosophy of science, this book focuses on knowledge and social relations, and offers a way to understand classification as a necessary aspect of doing science.

Exploring the Classification of Living Things

Exploring the Classification of Living Things PDF

Author: Ella Hawley

Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc

Published: 2012-08-15

Total Pages: 26

ISBN-13: 1448865166

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Explains how scientists classify living organisms, how the science of classification has changed over time, how the natural world continues to evolve, and where everyday living things fit into the classification system.

Taxonomy: The Classification of Biological Organisms

Taxonomy: The Classification of Biological Organisms PDF

Author: Kristi Lew

Publisher: Enslow Publishing, LLC

Published: 2018-07-15

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 0766099393

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Through simple yet engaging language and detailed images and charts, readers will explore the work of Aristotle, Linnaeus, Darwin, and other well-known, and some not so well-known, figures throughout history who tried to make sense of the natural world, as well as the breakthroughs and technologies that allow scientists to study organisms down to the genetic level. This book supports the Next Generation Science Standards on heredity and biological evolution by helping students understand how mutations lead to genetic variation, which in turn leads to natural selection. In addition, informative sidebars, a bibliography, and a Further Reading section with current books and educational websites will allow inquisitive minds to dive deeper into the evolutionary relationships among organisms.