The Scandinavian Influence on the English Language

The Scandinavian Influence on the English Language PDF

Author: Johannes Huhmann

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2008-02

Total Pages: 41

ISBN-13: 3638902382

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Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 71 von 80, University of Manchester (School of Languages, Linguistics and Cultures), course: Introduction to Middle English Language, 7 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In the history of English, the language came into contact with different speech communities. Influences of Celtic, Latin, Scandinavian and French left their mark from the beginning in Anglo-Saxon times onwards, and the colonial expansion of the British Empire in the last three centuries resulted in the contact with even more speech communities. Through these language contacts, English changed a lot - it showed the tendency to incorporate foreign influences, especially lexical ones, more likely in the first place; its grammar changed from being and analytic one towards being synthetic; and in terms of the lexicon, it changed from being a Germanic to a partly Romanic influenced language. In this essay, I want to examine the influence of the Scandinavian language on English and to what extent it was responsible for the general changes mentioned above. 45 per cent of the commoner words and 25 per cent of the general lexis1 in the present day English lexicon are a result of the language contact between Old English and Old Norse during the period of Scandinavian invasions and settlement in the eighth and ninth century - but the lexical influences are only one result of the language contact and I will try to show the other effects the Scandinavian influence had on English as well. Abbreviations The Abbreviations I will use in this paper are "EME" for Early Middle English, "ModE" for Modern English, "ON" for Old Norse, "OE" for Old English and "PDE" for Present Day English.

Old English - The Scandinavian Influence on Old English

Old English - The Scandinavian Influence on Old English PDF

Author: Kevin Theinl

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2011-09-28

Total Pages: 17

ISBN-13: 3656017409

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Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Rostock, language: English, abstract: Structure: Part I – Textual Work on “Bede ́s Account of the Poet Cædmon” 1. Provement of the claim: For a precise classification of Old English 1 - 2 inflexional forms it does usually not suffice only to look at the respective form. 2. Formative relationship between OE lār and læran 2 3. Word formation and Compounding 2 - 3 Part II – Term paper: The Scandinavian Influence on Old English 1. Introduction 3 - 4 2. Historical Background – Viking Invasion on the British Isle 4 - 5 3. Language Family 6 - 7 4. Loanwords, loan-blends, loan-shifts 7 - 9 5. Norse-derived vocabulary 10 - 11 6. Conclusion 11 Bibliography 12 Erklärung über die selbstständige Abfassung einer schriftlichen Arbeit Part I – Textual Work on “Bede ́s Account of the Poet Cædmon” 1.) It is unprofitable only to look at the respective form, because the –an declension of nouns contains five forms with the ending –an (Sg.a./g./d. - Pl.n./a.) Examples: guma – engl.: man (masc.) cyrice – engl.: church (fem.) Sg.n. guma cyrice Sg.a. guman cyrican Sg.g. guman cyrican Sg.d. guman cyrican Pl.n. guman cyrican Pl.a. guman cyrican Pl.g. gumena cyricena Pl.d. gumum cyricum Next I will specify case, number, gender, declensional/conjugational class, weak/strong inflexion of the following forms from the Cædmon text.

Old English - The Scandinavian Influence on Old English

Old English - The Scandinavian Influence on Old English PDF

Author: Kevin Theinl

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2011-10

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13: 365601714X

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Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Rostock, language: English, abstract: Structure: Part I - Textual Work on "Bede ́s Account of the Poet Cædmon" 1.Provement of the claim: For a precise classification of Old English 1 - 2 inflexional forms it does usually not suffice only to look at the respective form. 2.Formative relationship between OE lār and læran2 3.Word formation and Compounding2 - 3 Part II - Term paper: The Scandinavian Influence on Old English 1.Introduction3 - 4 2.Historical Background - Viking Invasion on the British Isle4 - 5 3.Language Family6 - 7 4.Loanwords, loan-blends, loan-shifts7 - 9 5.Norse-derived vocabulary10 - 11 6.Conclusion11 Bibliography12 Erklärung über die selbstständige Abfassung einer schriftlichen Arbeit Part I - Textual Work on "Bede ́s Account of the Poet Cædmon" 1.) It is unprofitable only to look at the respective form, because the -an declension of nouns contains five forms with the ending -an (Sg.a./g./d. - Pl.n./a.) Examples: guma - engl.: man (masc.)cyrice - engl.: church (fem.) Sg.n. gumacyrice Sg.a.gumancyrican Sg.g.gumancyrican Sg.d.gumancyrican Pl.n.gumancyrican Pl.a.gumancyrican Pl.g.gumenacyricena Pl.d.gumumcyricum Next I will specify case, number, gender, declensional/conjugational class, weak/strong inflexion of the following forms from the Cædmon text.

Words Derived from Old Norse in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Words Derived from Old Norse in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight PDF

Author: Richard Dance

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-10-21

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1119580021

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The most rigorous description ever undertaken of the Scandinavian influence on the vocabulary of a major Middle English text, and a new model for the collection and analysis of Norse loans in any English source. A new survey of the etymological evidence for nearly 500 words in one of the most famous and important Middle English poems Conducted in accordance with a groundbreaking new system of etymological classification, and with references to all relevant previous scholarship going back to the nineteenth century Contains new insights into the etymologies, forms, meanings and textual interpretation of hundreds of Middle English words Includes a new introduction to the scholarly study of the Old Norse influence on English vocabulary, including a detailed discussion of methodologies

Danes in Wessex

Danes in Wessex PDF

Author: Ryan Lavelle

Publisher: Oxbow Books

Published: 2015-11-30

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 1782979344

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There have been many studies of the Scandinavians in Britain, but this is the first collection of essays to be devoted solely to their engagement with Wessex. New work on the early Middle Ages, not least the excavations of mass graves associated with the Viking Age in Dorset and Oxford, drew attention to the gaps in our understanding of the wider impact of Scandinavians in areas of Britain not traditionally associated with them. Here, a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach to the problems of their study is presented. While there may not have been the same degree of impact, discernible particularly in place-names and archaeology, as in those areas of Britain which had substantial influxes of Scandinavian settlers, Wessex was a major theater of the Viking wars in the reigns of Alfred and Æthelred Unræd. Two major topics, the Viking wars and the Danish landowning elite, figure strongly in this collection but are shown not to be the sole reasons for the presence of Danes, or items associated with them, in Wessex. Multidisciplinary approaches evoke Vikings and Danes not just through the written record, but through their impact on real and imaginary landscapes and via the objects they owned or produced. The papers raise wider questions too, such as when did aggressive Vikings morph into more acceptable Danes, and what issues of identity were there for natives and incomers in a province whose founders were believed to have also come from North Sea areas, if not from parts of Denmark itself? Readers can continue for themselves aspects of these broader debates that will be stimulated by this fascinating and significant series of studies by both established scholars and new researchers.

A History of the English Language

A History of the English Language PDF

Author: Elly van Gelderen

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company

Published: 2014-04-03

Total Pages: 359

ISBN-13: 9027270430

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The English language in its complex shapes and forms changes fast. This thoroughly revised edition has been refreshed with current examples of change and has been updated regarding archeological research. Most suggestions brought up by users and reviewers have been incorporated, for instance, a family tree for Germanic has been added, Celtic influence is highlighted much more, there is more on the origin of Chancery English, and internal and external change are discussed in much greater detail. The philosophy of the revised book remains the same with an emphasis on the linguistic history and on using authentic texts. My audience remains undergraduates (and beginning graduates). The goals of the class and the book are to come to recognize English from various time periods, to be able to read each stage with a glossary, to get an understanding of typical language change, internal and external, and to understand something about language typology through the emphasis on the change from synthetic to analytic. This book has a companion website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.183.website

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