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Narratives & Discourses of Rwandan Former Refugees & Genocide Survivors In the USC-Shoah Archive & Western (US, UK, Italy, Canada) Newspapers

Author: Seif Sekalala

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 796

ISBN-13:

This dissertation study examines the sensemaking and resilience expressions of Rwandan former refugees' and genocide survivors' (FRGSs') life-stories, as well as the characteristics of Western journalists' and media commentators' retellings and discussion of those life-stories. This topic is of interest to genocide survivor associations; international, national government and non-government institutions and organizations; social workers; and immigration and asylum lawyers, among other stake-holders. The primary research questions are 1) How is sensemaking and resilience expressed in the narratives and discourses of Rwandan former refugees and genocide survivors? 2) What are the differences between the ways Rwandan former refugees and genocide survivors (FRGS) tell their own stories, and the way other commentators tell or talk about their stories in the media? Narrative and discourse analysis methods were used to investigate the answers to those questions over a period of two years. The key findings suggest that Rwandan FRGSs express sensemaking and resilience in three main ways, namely: 1) locating personal experiences within or outside of the generally known/accepted historical narrative of the Rwandan genocide, 2) the provision of thematic narratives of lived personal experiences, and 3) recounting of specific details via time and place, description of past thoughts and states of being, and evaluations or interpretations. On the other hand, Western journalists and mass media commentators retell Rwandan FRGS life-stories by 1) simplifying the cause of the genocide as enmity between Tutsis and Hutus, with inadequate credit given to other responsible factors, 2) frequently covering and emphasizing stories of reconciliation between victims and perpetrators, and the resilience and survival of Rwandan survivors and the society-at-large, and 3) deliberately highlighting and using de-facto (unintended) interpretations of the commonality between the Rwandan and other genocides and mass conflicts.

Violence and Genocide in Kurdish Memory

Author: Eren Yıldırım Yetkin

Publisher: Verlag Barbara Budrich

Published: 2022-07-11

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 3847417428

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Kurdische Erinnerungen an den Genozid an den Armeniern stellen die systematische Leugnung durch die türkischen Staatsstrukturen in Frage und eröffnen neue Möglichkeiten der Vergangenheitsbewältigung. Dieses Buch untersucht kurdische Biografien, insbesondere aus Van in der Türkei, und erforscht die Dynamik der miteinander verflochtenen Erinnerungsregime in Bezug auf die politische Gewalt an Armeniern und syrischen Christ*innen der osmanischen kaiserlichen Untertanen und an kurdischen Bürger*innen der Türkei. Diese Lebensgeschichten beleuchten die Komplexität des Erinnerns, einschließlich kollektiver und individueller Erinnerungsvorstellungen über Gewalt, Täterschaft und Opferrolle in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart.

Hidden Genocides

Author: Alexander Laban Hinton

Publisher: Rutgers University Press

Published: 2013-12-18

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 0813561647

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Why are some genocides prominently remembered while others are ignored, hidden, or denied? Consider the Turkish campaign denying the Armenian genocide, followed by the Armenian movement to recognize the violence. Similar movements are building to acknowledge other genocides that have long remained out of sight in the media, such as those against the Circassians, Greeks, Assyrians, the indigenous peoples in the Americas and Australia, and the violence that was the precursor to and the aftermath of the Holocaust. The contributors to this collection look at these cases and others from a variety of perspectives. These essays cover the extent to which our biases, our ways of knowing, our patterns of definition, our assumptions about truth, and our processes of remembering and forgetting as well as the characteristics of generational transmission, the structures of power and state ideology, and diaspora have played a role in hiding some events and not others. Noteworthy among the collection’s coverage is whether the trade in African slaves was a form of genocide and a discussion not only of Hutus brutalizing Tutsi victims in Rwanda, but of the execution of moderate Hutus as well. Hidden Genocides is a significant contribution in terms of both descriptive narratives and interpretations to the emerging subfield of critical genocide studies. Contributors: Daniel Feierstein, Donna-Lee Frieze, Krista Hegburg, Alexander Laban Hinton, Adam Jones, A. Dirk Moses, Chris M. Nunpa, Walter Richmond, Hannibal Travis, and Elisa von Joeden-Forgey

Peacebuilding and Friction

Author: Annika Björkdahl

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-03-02

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1317365267

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This book aims to understand the processes and outcomes that arise from frictional encounters in peacebuilding, when global and local forces meet. Building a sustainable peace after violent conflict is a process that entails competing ideas, political contestation and transformation of power relations. This volume develops the concept of ‘friction’ to better analyse the interplay between global ideas, actors, and practices, and their local counterparts. The chapters examine efforts undertaken to promote sustainable peace in a variety of locations, such as Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Sierra Leone. These case analyses provide a nuanced understanding not simply of local processes, or of the hybrid or mixed agencies, ideas, and processes that are generated, but of the complex interactions that unfold between all of these elements in the context of peacebuilding intervention. The analyses demonstrate how the ambivalent relationship between global and local actors leads to unintended and sometimes counterproductive results of peacebuilding interventions. The approach of this book, with its focus on friction as a conceptual tool, advances the peacebuilding research agenda and adds to two ongoing debates in the peacebuilding field; the debate on hybridity, and the debate on local agency and local ownership. In analysing frictional encounters this volume prepares the ground for a better understanding of the mixed impact peace initiatives have on post-conflict societies. This book will be of much interest to students of peacebuilding, conflict resolution, security studies, and international relations in general.

Engaging Violence

Author: Ivana Maček

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-03-26

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 1134621604

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This volume opens up new ground in the field of social representations research by focusing on contexts involving mass violence, rather than on relatively stable societies. Representations of violence are not only symbolic, but in the first place affective and bodily, especially when it comes to traumatic experiences. Exploring the responses of researchers, educators, students and practitioners to long-term engagement with this emotionally demanding material, the book considers how empathic knowledge can make working in this field more bearable and deepen our understanding of the Holocaust, genocide, war, and mass political violence. Bringing together international contributors from a range of disciplines including anthropology, clinical psychology, history, history of ideas, religious studies, social psychology, and sociology, the book explores how scholars, students, and professionals engaged with violence deal with the inevitable emotional stresses and vicarious trauma they experience. Each chapter draws on personal histories, and many suggest new theoretical and methodological concepts to investigate emotional reactions to this material. The insights gained through these reflections can function protectively, enabling those who work in this field to handle adverse situations more effectively, and can yield valuable knowledge about violence itself, allowing researchers, teachers, and professionals to better understand their materials and collocutors. Engaging Violence: Trauma, memory, and representation will be of key value to students, scholars, psychologists, humanitarian aid workers, UN personnel, policy makers, social workers, and others who are engaged, directly or indirectly, with mass political violence, war, or genocide.

Memories of Mass Repression

Author: Selma Leydesdorff

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-07-05

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 1351506080

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Memories of Mass Repression presents the results of researchers working with the voices of witnesses. Its stories include the witnesses, victims, and survivors; it also reflects the subjective experience of the study of such narratives. The work contributes to the development of the field of oral history, where the creation of the narrative is considered an interaction between the text of the narrator and the listener. The contributors are particularly interested in ways in which memory is created and molded. The interactions of different, even conflicting, memories of other individuals, and society as a whole are considered. In writing the history of genocide, -emotional- memory and -objective- research are interwoven and inseparable. It is as much the historian's task to decipher witness account, as it is to interpret traditional written sources. These sometimes antagonistic narratives of memory fashioned and mobilized within public and private arenas, together with the ensuing conflicts, paradoxes, and contradictions that they unleash, are all part of efforts to come to terms with what happened. Mining memory is the only way in which we can hope to arrive at a truer, and less biased historical account of events. Memory is at some level selective. Most believers in political movements turned out to be the opposite of what they promised. When given a proper forum, stories that are in opposition to dominant memories, or in conflict with our own memories, can effectively battle collective forgetting. This volume offers the reader a vision of the subjective side of history without falsifying the objective reality of human survival.

Women and Genocide

Author: Elissa Bemporad

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 2018-04-10

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 0253033837

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Front Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Memory, Body, and Power: Women and the Study of Genocide -- 1. The Gendered Logics of Indigenous Genocide -- 2. Women and the Herero Genocide -- 3. Arshaluys Mardigian/Aurora Mardiganian: Absorption, Stardom, Exploitation, and Empowerment -- 4. "Hyphenated" Identities during the Holodomor: Women and Cannibalism -- 5. Gender: A Crucial Tool in Holocaust Research -- 6. German Women and the Holocaust in the Nazi East -- 7. No Shelter to Cry In: Romani Girls and Responsibility during the Holocaust -- 8. Birangona: Rape Survivors Bearing Witness in War and Peace in Bangladesh -- 9. Very Superstitious: Gendered Punishment in Democratic Kampuchea, 1975-1979 -- 10. Sexual Violence as a Weapon during the Guatemalan Genocide -- 11. Gender and the Military in Post-Genocide Rwanda -- 12. Narratives of Survivors of Srebrenica: How Do They Reconnect to the World? -- 13. The Plight and Fate of Females During and Following the Darfur Genocide -- 14. Grassroots Women's Participation in Addressing Conflict and Genocide: Case Studies from the Middle East North Africa Region and Latin America -- Selected Bibliography: Further Readings -- Index -- Back Cover