Author: S. J. Liebowitz
Publisher: NYU Press
Published: 2002-02
Total Pages: 286
ISBN-13: 9780814751787
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The top left hand side of the keyboard reads "Q-W-E-R-T-Y." Is this inefficient layout an inefficient early development to which we are now forever committed? The "economics of QWERTY" describes cases in which it has been claimed that technologies which have become accepted are not as good as rival technologies. Perhaps they have been "locked in" at an early stage, preventing newer, better possibilities from taking hold. Distinguished economists Stan Liebowitz and Steven Margolis have critically examined the various aspects of the economics of QWERTY and its implications, calling into question the historical accuracy of the standard account of QWERTY and similar cases such as those of Beta/VHS and Macintosh/Windows. They contend that no plausible case of inferior standards being locked in has ever been documented, though much antitrust activity and legislative policy has been based on the belief in the occurrence of such cases. The Economics of Qwerty brings together into one volume Liebowitz and Margolis's essential contributions, remarkable for their eloquence and relevance, to consider these issues, which are of real and enduring importance for the functioning of the market economy. Together they constitute a complete account of the critique of the economics of QWERTY.
Author: Urs von Burg
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 324
ISBN-13: 9780804740951
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →One of the most important elements in the computer revolution has been agreement on technological standards. This book tells the complete story of the battle between several competing technologies in the late 1970s and early 1980s to become the compatibility standard in one high-tech arena, the LAN (local area network) industry.
Author: Roman Beck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2007-12-11
Total Pages: 287
ISBN-13: 3835092138
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Roman Beck presents a new goods classification model to explore the dissemination of IT and e-business standards and designs two applications that support and improve firms' electronic interlaced communication by means of automation and standardization effects. He then examines how network effects drive the diffusion of communication standards and develops a model which is implemented as a simulation to show the dynamic interplay between direct and indirect network effects during the diffusion process. It also addresses critical mass and life cycle issues, as well as related utility changes in communication standards.
Author: Vijay Mahajan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2000-09-30
Total Pages: 376
ISBN-13: 9780792377511
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Product sales, especially for new products, are influenced by many factors. These factors are both internal and external to the selling organization, and are both controllable and uncontrollable. Due to the enormous complexity of such factors, it is not surprising that product failure rates are relatively high. Indeed, new product failure rates have variously been reported as between 40 and 90 percent. Despite this multitude of factors, marketing researchers have not been deterred from developing and designing techniques to predict or explain the levels of new product sales over time. The proliferation of the internet, the necessity or developing a road map to plan the launch and exit times of various generations of a product, and the shortening of product life cycles are challenging firms to investigate market penetration, or innovation diffusion, models. These models not only provide information on new product sales over time but also provide insight on the speed with which a new product is being accepted by various buying groups, such as those identified as innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards. New Product Diffusion Models aims to distill, synthesize, and integrate the best thinking that is currently available on the theory and practice of new product diffusion models. This state-of-the-art assessment includes contributions by individuals who have been at the forefront of developing and applying these models in industry. The book's twelve chapters are written by a combined total of thirty-two experts who together represent twenty-five different universities and other organizations in Australia, Europe, Hong Kong, Israel, and the United States. The book will be useful for researchers and students in marketing and technological forecasting, as well as those in other allied disciplines who study relevant aspects of innovation diffusion. Practitioners in high-tech and consumer durable industries should also gain new insights from New Product Diffusion Models. The book is divided into five parts: I. Overview; II. Strategic, Global, and Digital Environments for Diffusion Analysis; III. Diffusion Models; IV. Estimation and V. Applications and Software. The final section includes a PC-based software program developed by Gary L. Lilien and Arvind Rangaswamy (1998) to implement the Bass diffusion model. A case on high-definition television is included to illustrate the various features of the software. A free, 15-day trial access period for the updated software can be downloaded from http://www.mktgeng.com/diffusionbook. Among the book's many highlights are chapters addressing the implications posed by the internet, globalization, and production policies upon diffusion of new products and technologies in the population.
Author: Andrej Fatur
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Published: 2012-03-08
Total Pages: 312
ISBN-13: 1847319122
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Competition policies have long been based on a scholarly tradition focused on static models and static analysis of industrial organisation. However, recent developments in industrial organisation literature have led to significant advances, moving beyond traditional static models and a preoccupation with price competition, to consider the organisation of industries in a dynamic context. This is especially important in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) network industries where competition centres on network effects, innovation and intellectual property rights, and where the key driver of consumer benefit is technological progress. Consequently, when an antitrust intervention is contemplated, a number of considerations that arise out of the specific nature of the ICT sector have to be taken into account to ensure improved consumer welfare. This book considers the adequacy of existing EU competition policy in the area of the ICT industries in the light of the findings of modern economic theory. Particular attention is given to the implications of these dynamic markets for the competitive assessment and treatment of the most common competitive harms in this area, such as non-price predatory practices, tying and bundling, co-operative standard setting, platform joint ventures and co-operative R&D.
Author: Bronwyn H. Hall
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2010-03-06
Total Pages: 599
ISBN-13: 0444536108
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →How does technology advance? How can we best assimilate innovation? These questions and others are considered by experts on the theories and applications of technological innovations. Considering subjects as diverse as the diffusion of new technologies and their industrial applications, governmental policies, and manifestations of innovation in our institutions, history, and environment, our contributors map milestones in research and speculate about the roads ahead. Wasteful, inefficient, and frequently wrongheaded, the process of technological changes is here revealed as a describable, scientific force. Two volumes, available separately and as a set. Expert articles consider the best ways to establish optimal incentives in technological progress Science and innovation, both their theories and applications, are examined at the intersections of the marketplace, policy, and social welfare Economists are only part of an audience that includes attorneys, educators, and anyone involved in new technologies
Author: Shane Greenstein
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2006-12-21
Total Pages: 420
ISBN-13: 9781139460750
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Technological standards are a cornerstone of the modern information economy, affecting firm strategy, market performance and, by extension, economic growth. While there is general agreement that swift movement to superior technological standards is a worthwhile goal, there is much less agreement on the central policy questions: do markets choose efficient standards? How do standards organizations affect the development of standards? And finally, what constitutes appropriate public policy toward standards? In this volume, leading researchers in public policy on standards, including both academics and industry experts, focus on these key questions. Given the dearth of applied work on standards and public policy, this volume significantly advances the frontier of knowledge in this critical but understudied area. It will be essential reading for academic and industrial researchers as well as policymakers.
Author: Thomas Gries
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 239
ISBN-13: 3322851907
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The rapid development of information and communication technologies has been one of the major issues in the world economy of the last decade. Especially, the fast growth of the Internet has introduced completely new economic and related issues, like world-wide Electronic Commerce and its taxing, telework activities, distance learning, and so on. It has become possible to split organizations into small units which may form an electronically connected network taking new shapes in a flexible way. Since the growth of the Internet has been fast and fairly uncontrolled, a strong need for new laws, sometimes called Cyberlaw, has emerged. On the other hand, the individual skills of information technologies may be of critical importance to the success of a person in his or her professional career. This book discusses several new aspects and economic impacts of digital information technologies. A primer on Internet economics provides an introduction to the structure of the Internet and its economic issues. Further related subjects are taxing of the world-wide Electronic Commerce, Cyberlaw, learning with hypermedia, and distance learning over the network. We also discuss the general impact of information technologies on innovation dynamics, labor demand, and human capital depreciation. Results of a recent survey on European telework activities give insight into rapid organizational changes due to the digitalization of economies. General information technology related aspects, like the need of a rapid transfer of new economic knowledge and semantic integration of online information, are provided.