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The Immune Response to Implanted Materials and Devices

Author: Bruna Corradetti

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-11-30

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 3319454331

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the cascade of events activated in the body following the implant of biomaterials and devices. It is one of the first books to shed light on the role of the host immune response on therapeutic efficacy, and reviews the state-of-the-art for both basic science and medical applications. The text examines advantages and disadvantages of the use of synthetic versus natural biomaterials. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of biomimicry in the development of smart strategies able to modulate infiltrating immune cells, thus reducing side effects (such as acute and chronic inflammation, fibrosis and/or implant rejection) and improving the therapeutic outcome (healing, tissue restoration). Current cutting-edge approaches in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and nanomedicine offer the latest insights into the role immunomodulation in improving tolerance during tissue transplant in the treatment of orthopaedic, pancreatic, and hepatic diseases. "Immune Response to Implanted Materials and Devices" is intended for an audience of graduate students and professional researchers in both academia and industry interested in the development of smart strategies, which are able to exploit the self-healing properties of the body and achieve functional tissue restoration.

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials

Author: Stephen F. Badylak

Publisher: Woodhead Publishing

Published: 2021-07-30

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 0128214562

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Biomaterials have existed for millennia as mechanical replacement structures following disease or injury. Biomaterial design has changed markedly from structural support with an “inert immune profile as the primary objective to designs that elicit an integrative local tissue response and a pro-repair immune cell phenotype. Immunomodulatory Biomaterials: Regulating the Immune Response with Biomaterials to Affect Clinical Outcome offers a single, comprehensive reference on biomaterials for modulation of the host response, for materials scientists, tissue engineers and those working in regenerative medicine. This book details methods, materials and strategies designed to regulate the host immune response following surgical implantation and thus facilitate specific local cell infiltration and tissue deposition. There has been a dramatic transformation in our understanding of the role of the immune system, both innate and adaptive; these changes include recognition of the plasticity of immune cells, especially macrophages, cross-talk between the immune system and stem cells, and the necessity for in situ transition between inflammatory and regulatory immune cell phenotypes. The exploitation of these findings and the design and manufacture of new biomaterials is occurring at an astounding pace. There is currently no book directed at the interdisciplinary principles guiding the design, manufacture, testing, and clinical translation of biomaterials that proactively regulate the host tissue immune response. The challenge for academia, industry, and regulatory agencies to encourage innovation while assuring safety and maximizing efficacy has never been greater. Given the highly interdisciplinary requirements for the design, manufacture and use of immunomodulatory biomaterials, this book will prove a useful single resource across disciplines. Holistically covers the design, manufacture, testing, and clinical translation of biomaterials that proactively regulate the host tissue immune response Provides a single reference for understanding and utilizing the host response in biomaterials design An international collaboration of leading researchers in the field offering a novel insight into this fast-growing area

Biomaterials and Immune Response

Author: Nihal Engin Vrana

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-07-20

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 1351377566

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The interactions of the biomaterials with the host immune system is crucial for their functionality. This book aims to provide the reader with a better understanding of the role of the immune system in biomaterial applications. For this end, the book has dedicated chapters for i) explaining immune cells taking part in immune response to biomaterials/immune systems interface; ii) the effect of biomaterial shape, form and physicochemical properties on the response of immune system; iii) biofilm formation on implanted materials as a failure of immune system/biomaterial interactions; iv) tissue-specific effects of immune response and its consequences for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; v) immune reaction in a clinical context (periodontology). In the field of biomaterials there are significant advances in using immunomodulation techniques to improve the success rates of implantable materials. For better understanding of such techniques it is required to have a full grasp of the biomaterial–immune system interactions. This would greatly enhance the understanding of why the human body reacts to implants in a certain way and how to improve the clinical outcomes by developing immune-instructive biomaterials. Provides keen insight into biomaterial–immune cell interactions Presents an explanation of state-of-the-art methodologies in immunomodulation Offers a concise and simple-to-understand treatment of biomaterial–immune cell interactions for materials scientists in a biology heavy topic Explores a comprehensive overview of biomaterial related complications Provides extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance study for this very hot research area

Host Response to Biomaterials

Author: Stephen F. Badylak

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-05-08

Total Pages: 470

ISBN-13: 0128005009

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Host Response to Biomaterials: The Impact of Host Response on Biomaterial Selection explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications, focusing on the host response to each biomaterial. It is one of the first books to connect immunology and biomaterials with regard to host response. The text also explores the role of the immune system in host response, and covers the regulatory environment for biomaterials, along with the benefits of synthetic versus natural biomaterials, and the transition from simple to complex biomaterial solutions. Fields covered include, but are not limited to, orthopaedic surgery, dentistry, general surgery, neurosurgery, urology, and regenerative medicine. Explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications Contains a range of extensive coverage, including, but not limited to, orthopedic, surgery, dental, general surgery, neurosurgery, lower urinary tract, and regenerative medicine Includes regulations regarding combination devices

An Introduction to Tissue-Biomaterial Interactions

Author: Kay C. Dee

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2003-04-14

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 0471461121

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An Introduction to Tissue-Biomaterial Interactions acquaints an undergraduate audience with the fundamental biological processes that influence these sophisticated, cutting-edge procedures. Chapters one through three provide more detail about the molecular-level events that happen at the tissue-implant interface, while chapters four through ten explore selected material, biological, and physiological consequences of these events. The importance of the body’s wound-healing response is emphasized throughout. Specific topics covered include:Structure and properties of biomaterials Proteins Protein-surface interactions Blood-biomaterial interactions Inflammation and infection The immune system Biomaterial responses to implantation Biomaterial surface engineering Intimal hyperplasia and osseointegration as examples of tissue-biomaterial interactions The text also provides extensive coverage of the three pertinent interfaces between the body and the biomaterial, between the body and the living cells, and between the cells and the biomaterial that are critical in the development of tissue-engineered products that incorporate living cells within a biomaterial matrix. Ideal for a one-semester, biomedical engineering course, An Introduction to Tissue-Biomaterial Interactions provides a solid framework for understanding today’s and tomorrow’s implantable biomedical devices.

Systematic Investigation of the Interplay Between Biomaterials and the Immune System in Vitro

Author: Florian Billing

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Medical implants are widely used nowadays. Following tissue contact, proteins adhere to the device's surface and surrounding cells become activated, causing an initial inflammatory host response. If this host response develops into a chronic inflammatory state, significant adverse effects such as implant rejection and loss might occur. The physico-chemical qualities of the biomaterials employed have a substantial influence on the degree of the immune response. Therefore, modulating surface properties such as topography or wettability may be a viable strategy for altering the immune response. However, the complex interrelation between surface properties, highly sensitive adsorption of proteins, and multifaceted immune response remains largely unresolved. This thesis aims at investigating the interplay of all three of these critical factors determining a device's biocompatibility in order to enable effective modulation of the immune response to biomedical implants. In the first part of this thesis, investigation of the contributing role of different immune cell types identified monocytes/macrophages as essential mediators of the initial inflammatory response, while involvement of T and NK cells was just minor during this phase. Analysis of titanium dental implant specimen revealed surface-dependent immune responses related to wettability and roughness. In contrast, systematic analysis of the influence of surface roughness of polymer materials in the second part of the thesis showed similar immunological activation irrespective of the applied surface roughness throughout the tested range. This was independent of the biological complexity of the cell culture system used (macrophage cell line, PBMCs, whole blood). The final section of the thesis examined wettability-mediated effects on immune cell activity using PEM coatings and discovered that pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses are highly dependent on wettability, with lower pro-inflammatory effects reported on the more hydrophilic PEM surface. Experiments using serum-free cell culture medium demonstrated that the observed effects are clearly dependent on the presence of serum proteins at the biomaterial surface. Significant changes in the type and amount of adsorbed proteins were discovered using mass spectrometry analysis. The observed immunological differences could be correlated with the presence of specific apolipoproteins at the surfaces, implying that apolipoproteins might play a significant role in the modulation of biomaterial immune responses. These findings may aid in the targeted design of immunomodulatory surfaces to promote healing and implant integration. In addition, they place a larger emphasis on adsorption of proteins such as apolipoproteins as crucial class of immune cell mediators.

Biomaterials Science

Author: William R Wagner

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2020-05-23

Total Pages: 1612

ISBN-13: 0128161388

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The revised edition of the renowned and bestselling title is the most comprehensive single text on all aspects of biomaterials science from principles to applications. Biomaterials Science, fourth edition, provides a balanced, insightful approach to both the learning of the science and technology of biomaterials and acts as the key reference for practitioners who are involved in the applications of materials in medicine.This new edition incorporates key updates to reflect the latest relevant research in the field, particularly in the applications section, which includes the latest in topics such as nanotechnology, robotic implantation, and biomaterials utilized in cancer research detection and therapy. Other additions include regenerative engineering, 3D printing, personalized medicine and organs on a chip. Translation from the lab to commercial products is emphasized with new content dedicated to medical device development, global issues related to translation, and issues of quality assurance and reimbursement. In response to customer feedback, the new edition also features consolidation of redundant material to ensure clarity and focus. Biomaterials Science, 4th edition is an important update to the best-selling text, vital to the biomaterials’ community. The most comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials Edited and contributed by the best-known figures in the biomaterials field today; fully endorsed and supported by the Society for Biomaterials Fully revised and updated to address issues of translation, nanotechnology, additive manufacturing, organs on chip, precision medicine and much more. Online chapter exercises available for most chapters

Biomaterials Associated Infection

Author: Fintan Moriarty

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-09-29

Total Pages: 564

ISBN-13: 1461410312

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Biomaterials associated infection (BAI) is one of the most common complications associated with implantation of any biomaterial regardless of form or function. These infections usually involve bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the biomaterial itself, rendering the infection impervious to antimicrobials and host defenses. In addition, it is becoming increasingly clear that infection of the surrounding tissues also plays an important role in BAI, and that the infection may be influenced by the composition and design of the implanted biomaterial. In this book, worldwide leaders in the field address this critical problem in the translation of biomaterials research into clinical practice. The book begins with an emphasis on the latest research in the pathogenesis of BAI from microbiological, immunological, and materials science perspectives. The current state of the art in antimicrobial activation of biomaterials through surface modification and the incorporation of antimicrobial agents is then discussed. In the concluding chapters, successful translation of a selection of antimicrobial technologies from preclinical research into clinical use is described alongside a discussion of the utility of these devices and perspectives for future development. This book is essential reading for researchers and clinicians who are interested in understanding the fundamentals of BAI, the latest in antimicrobial materials research, and the state of the art in clinically available antimicrobial containing medical devices.

Biological Performance of Materials

Author: Jonathan Black

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2005-12-20

Total Pages: 526

ISBN-13: 9780849339592

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Bioengineers need a thorough grounding in biocompatibility - the biological performance of materials. Until now, there were no publications suitable for a neophyte in the field; prior publications were either not comprehensive or focused on rather narrow interests. Drawing on the author's 35 years of experience as a teacher, researcher, and consultant in biomaterials science and engineering (BSE), Biological Performance of Materials: Fundamentals of Biocompatibility, Fourth Edition focuses primarily on principles of biological performance at a relatively fundamental level, analyzing interactions between living organisms and nonliving materials used in medical devices - the subject that sets BSE apart as a distinct field of investigation. Following an introductory section, the book is divided into three sections: the material response to biological systems, host response to biomaterials, and test methods for determining biological response in vitro as well as in animal models and clinical settings. Supplemental "Interparts" summarize the physical properties of commonly used metallic, polymeric, and ceramic biomaterials. They also provide a guide to understanding the clinical performance of implanted biomaterials.

Service Characteristics of Biomedical Materials and Implants

Author: Andrew W. Batchelor

Publisher: Imperial College Press

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 1860945368

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A wide variety of materials is being used in biomedical engineering for various functions. This includes a range of ceramics, polymers and metallic materials for implants and medical devices. A major question is how these materials will perform inside the body, which is very sensitive to alien materials.