The Fate of the Male Germ Cell

The Fate of the Male Germ Cell PDF

Author: Richard Ivell

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 1461559138

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THE FASCINATION The male germ cell is the only cell of the human organism that leaves the body when it has achieved its final, highly sophisticated structure and properties. The male germ cell is designed for one purpose only: to reach the female gametes and to fertilize them. The various stages in the development of the male germ cell are characterized by proliferative phases, by the recombination of the maternal and paternal chromosomes, and by the differentiation and development of a specialized transport vehicle, the spermato zoon. Furthermore, the establishment of a special pool of stem cells, the spermatogonia, guarantees the continuity of the sperm-generation process from puberty to old age. THE FATE OF THE MALE GERM CELL The destiny of any individual germ cell is determined by a program that we know only in fragments. On the one hand every human male is able to produce many billions of germ cells in his lifetime, yet the chance of any single sperm reaching and fertilizing the female germ cell is exceedingly rare. A fertility disturbance means that somewhere during the complicated playing out of the germ cell program mistakes are made, and the program fails. It is still a fact that more than 50% of men presenting with male factor infertility have to be diagnosed as idiopathic, largely because of our lack of knowledge and conse quent lack of appropriate diagnostic tools.

Genetics of Human Infertility

Genetics of Human Infertility PDF

Author: P.H. Vogt

Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers

Published: 2017-09-12

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 3318060984

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Infertility affects more than one in ten couples worldwide and is related to highly heterogeneous pathologies sometimes only discernible in the germ line. Its complex etiology often, but not always, includes genetic factors besides anatomical defects, immunological interference, and environmental aspects. Nearly 30% of infertility cases are probably caused only by genetic defects. Thereby experimental animal knockout models convincingly show that infertility can be caused by single or multiple gene defects. Translating those basic research findings into clinical studies is challenging, leaving genetic causes for the vast majority of infertility patients unexplained. Nevertheless, a large number of candidate genes have been revealed by sophisticated molecular methods. This book provides a comprehensive overview on the subject of infertility written by the leading authorities in this field. It covers topics including basic biological, cytological, and molecular studies, as well as common and uncommon syndromes. It is a must-read for human geneticists, endocrinologists, epidemiologists, zoologists, and counsellors in human genetics, infertility, and assisted reproduction.

Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes

Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes PDF

Author: John A.H. Wass

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2011-07-28

Total Pages: 2158

ISBN-13: 0199235295

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Now in its second edition, the Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes is a fully comprehensive, evidence-based, and highly-valued reference work combining basic science with clinical guidance, and providing first rate advice on diagnosis and treatment.

The Immortal Germline

The Immortal Germline PDF

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-05-31

Total Pages: 365

ISBN-13: 0128097531

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The Immortal Germline, Volume 135 in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of topics, including Balbiani body, germ plasm and polarity, Wolbachia and the germline, Human germ line biology, Reproduction/immunity and sperm success, Mammalian spermatogenesis, Reproduction/regeneration and germ cells in planarians, Germline stem cell homeostasis, Germline soma interactions/sex determination, Reconstituting the mouse germ-cell specification pathway in vitro, Maternal Germ line inheritance of mitochondria, Transposon strategies, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Includes the latest information on germ cells

Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction

Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction PDF

Author: Manuela Simoni

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-09-18

Total Pages: 1364

ISBN-13: 9783319444406

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.

Infertility in the Male

Infertility in the Male PDF

Author: Larry I. Lipshultz

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-09-24

Total Pages: 691

ISBN-13: 1139483242

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The new edition of this canonical text on male reproductive medicine will cement the book's market-leading position. Practitioners across many specialties - including urologists, gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, medical endocrinologists and many in internal medicine and family practice – will see men with suboptimal fertility and reproductive problems. The book provides an excellent source of timely, well-considered information for those training in this young and rapidly evolving field. While several recent books provide targeted 'cookbooks' for those in a male reproductive laboratory, or quick reference for practising generalists, the modern, comprehensive reference providing both a background for male reproductive medicine as well as clinical practice information based on that foundation has been lacking until now. The book has been extensively revised with a particular focus on modern molecular medicine. Appropriate therapeutic interventions are highlighted throughout.

Textbook of Clinical Embryology

Textbook of Clinical Embryology PDF

Author: Kevin Coward

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-10-31

Total Pages: 408

ISBN-13: 110727625X

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The success of Assisted Reproductive Technology is critically dependent upon the use of well optimized protocols, based upon sound scientific reasoning, empirical observations and evidence of clinical efficacy. Recently, the treatment of infertility has experienced a revolution, with the routine adoption of increasingly specialized molecular biological techniques and advanced methods for the manipulation of gametes and embryos. This textbook – inspired by the postgraduate degree program at the University of Oxford – guides students through the multidisciplinary syllabus essential to ART laboratory practice, from basic culture techniques and micromanipulation to laboratory management and quality assurance, and from endocrinology to molecular biology and research methods. Written for all levels of IVF practitioners, reproductive biologists and technologists involved in human reproductive science, it can be used as a reference manual for all IVF labs and as a textbook by undergraduates, advanced students, scientists and professionals involved in gamete, embryo or stem cell biology.

Discovering Mechanisms During Spermatogonial Differentiation that Prepare Male Germ Cells for Meiosis

Discovering Mechanisms During Spermatogonial Differentiation that Prepare Male Germ Cells for Meiosis PDF

Author: Taylor Anthony Johnson

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Spermatogenesis, the male germ cell maturation process, allows men to become and remain fertile for decades. Male fertility relies on fate decisions of different types of spermatogonia - spermatogonial stem cells maintain the germline long-term, undifferentiated progenitor spermatogonia divide and await the differentiation signal (retinoic acid, RA), and differentiating spermatogonia proceed forward into meiosis as spermatocytes to ultimately become sperm. Spermatogonial differentiation and meiotic initiation are indispensable transitions in spermatogenesis that remain poorly understood. The three studies within this dissertation, using a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches, detail spermatogonial requirements in these two transitions. The first study (chapter two) scrutinizes and redefines a presumed dogma - the requirement of RA for the spermatogonia-to-spermatocyte (mitotic-to-meiotic) transition. The second study (chapter three) deciphers the differential responsiveness of spermatogonia to RA in the adult testis. The third study (chapter four) introduces a novel RNA binding protein required for the commitment to and completion of spermatogonial differentiation. The collective findings from these three studies both enrich our understanding of spermatogonial biology and propose avenues for treatments that can enhance or discontinue spermatogonial differentiation.

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