The Fall of the Iron Curtain and the Rise of Non-Traditional Security Threats

The Fall of the Iron Curtain and the Rise of Non-Traditional Security Threats PDF

Author: Dominik Kalweit

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 29

ISBN-13: 3638886638

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Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Western Europe, grade: B+, University of Malta (University of Malta - Faculty of Arts / International Relations), course: European Security and Defence II (IRL2095), 24 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The socio - political developments of the outgoing 1980s and beginning 1990s to the greatest extent in Europe initiated the rise of a new era, impacting various political, societal and economic levels drastically throughout the world. With the fall of the Iron Curtain, i.e. the drowning of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its split into (semi-) independent states, the breakdown of East Germany (GDR) and its unification with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), and the turn up of the United States of America (USA) as the only liable superpower, the final act of the forty years lasting Cold War era found its cumulating closure. The paradigm of the West versus the East, of democracy versus communism was determined, and new patterns had and - since this redefinition appears to be an ongoing process - have to be rethought. In terms of security, the school of the political scientist Barry Buzan presented a structural cluster for the understanding of new evolving threats, resulting from the dissolution of the bipolarity with Russia and USA as having been oppositional poles of more or less equal strength. Apart from the military - related aspects that have dominated the thinking of conflict research throughout the period of the Cold War, this approach includes the means of politics, society, economy and environment as inter-relating and equally impacting issues of high importance for the analysis of security politika. This analysis strives to present the main issues which characterise the transformation of the European security system from the 1990s until today. Hereby, conceptual approaches regarding a theoretical framework of th

The fall of the Iron Curtain and the rise of non–traditional security threats

The fall of the Iron Curtain and the rise of non–traditional security threats PDF

Author: Dominik Kalweit

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2008-01-04

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13: 3638885143

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Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Region: Western Europe, grade: B+, University of Malta (University of Malta - Faculty of Arts / International Relations), course: European Security and Defence II (IRL2095), language: English, abstract: The socio – political developments of the outgoing 1980s and beginning 1990s to the greatest extent in Europe initiated the rise of a new era, impacting various political, societal and economic levels drastically throughout the world. With the fall of the Iron Curtain, i.e. the drowning of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its split into (semi–) independent states , the breakdown of East Germany (GDR) and its unification with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) , and the turn up of the United States of America (USA) as the only liable superpower, the final act of the forty years lasting Cold War era found its cumulating closure. The paradigm of the West versus the East, of democracy versus communism was determined, and new patterns had and – since this redefinition appears to be an ongoing process – have to be rethought. In terms of security, the school of the political scientist Barry Buzan presented a structural cluster for the understanding of new evolving threats, resulting from the dissolution of the bipolarity with Russia and USA as having been oppositional poles of more or less equal strength. Apart from the military - related aspects that have dominated the thinking of conflict research throughout the period of the Cold War, this approach includes the means of politics, society, economy and environment as inter-relating and equally impacting issues of high importance for the analysis of security politika. This analysis strives to present the main issues which characterise the transformation of the European security system from the 1990s until today. Hereby, conceptual approaches regarding a theoretical framework of the newly either emerged or recognised threats are related to the actual agenda of the most important players, to say states and institutions, the like, without loosing the perspective for important non–official political actors such as non governmental organisations (NGOs) or (mega–) terrorists (to mention a positive and negative example), as well as economic influences. A description and explanation of the present European security architecture hereby entails the aspects of the phenomenons of globalisation and the idea of a global governance.

New Threats and New Actors in International Security

New Threats and New Actors in International Security PDF

Author: E. Krahmann

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2005-01-14

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 1403981663

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Non-state threats and actors have become key topics in contemporary international security as since the end of the Cold War the notion that state is the primary unit of interest in international security has increasingly been challenged. Statistics show that today many more people are killed by ethnic conflicts, HIV/AIDS or the proliferation of small arms than by international war. Moreover, non-state actors, such as non-governmental organizations, private military companies and international regimes, are progressively complementing or even replacing states in the provision of security. Suggesting that such developments can be understood as part of a shift from government to governance in international security, this book examines both how private actors have become one of the main sources of insecurity in the contemporary world and how non-state actors play a growing role in combating these threats.

European Security since the Fall of the Berlin Wall

European Security since the Fall of the Berlin Wall PDF

Author: Frederic Merand

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

Published: 2011-02-05

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 1442693932

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There have been dramatic changes to the landscape of European security in the twenty years since the fall of the Berlin Wall. The essays in European Security Since the Fall of the Berlin Wall collectively take stock of how approaches to security in Europe have changed, both in practice and in theory, since the end of the Cold War. Organized into three sections, this collection begins with an exploration of the broad changes in Europe's security environment relating to issues such as terrorism and the rising importance of energy security. The second section describes the adaptations of Europe's institutional framework, including the transformation of NATO and the evolution of European armed forces, while the closing essays examine regional security issues with the Middle East, the Balkans, and Russia. Covering a broad spectrum of theoretical approaches and written in a clear, engaging style, European Security Since the Fall of the Berlin Wall will illuminate European security debates for years to come.

The NSA Report

The NSA Report PDF

Author: President's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies, The

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2014-03-31

Total Pages: 287

ISBN-13: 1400851270

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The official report that has shaped the international debate about NSA surveillance "We cannot discount the risk, in light of the lessons of our own history, that at some point in the future, high-level government officials will decide that this massive database of extraordinarily sensitive private information is there for the plucking. Americans must never make the mistake of wholly 'trusting' our public officials."—The NSA Report This is the official report that is helping shape the international debate about the unprecedented surveillance activities of the National Security Agency. Commissioned by President Obama following disclosures by former NSA contractor Edward J. Snowden, and written by a preeminent group of intelligence and legal experts, the report examines the extent of NSA programs and calls for dozens of urgent and practical reforms. The result is a blueprint showing how the government can reaffirm its commitment to privacy and civil liberties—without compromising national security.

International Security

International Security PDF

Author: Roland Dannreuther

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2014-01-28

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 0745656889

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International Security is a cutting-edge analysis of the key security challenges and developments in the post-Cold War world. Drawing on a wide range of contemporary examples, from the Iraq war to the rise of China, it is an essential guide for students and policy makers seeking to understand the theoretical and empirical debates over the fast-changing nature of international security today. The book is organized into four main parts. Part 1 provides an analytical framework for the book, identifying the most significant post-Cold War shifts in international security and recent theoretical developments in security studies. Part 2 analyses the root causes for contemporary warfare, the dilemmas and debates over military intervention, and the role played by the UN, NATO and other organizations in maintaining international peace and security. Part 3 assesses the challenges of environmental security, including the threat of resource-based conflict, most notably over oil and water, and the perceived security challenges of international migration. Part 4 discusses the new security challenges posed by international terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and cyber warfare. It explores the strategies and policies adopted by the United States, particularly in the aftermath of 9/11 and assesses the implications of the rise of China and other emerging powers. This book will be essential reading for students and analysts of international relations, international security and strategic studies.

The Evolution of International Security Studies

The Evolution of International Security Studies PDF

Author: Barry Buzan

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-08-27

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 1139480766

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International Security Studies (ISS) has changed and diversified in many ways since 1945. This book provides the first intellectual history of the development of the subject in that period. It explains how ISS evolved from an initial concern with the strategic consequences of superpower rivalry and nuclear weapons, to its current diversity in which environmental, economic, human and other securities sit alongside military security, and in which approaches ranging from traditional Realist analysis to Feminism and Post-colonialism are in play. It sets out the driving forces that shaped debates in ISS, shows what makes ISS a single conversation across its diversity, and gives an authoritative account of debates on all the main topics within ISS. This is an unparalleled survey of the literature and institutions of ISS that will be an invaluable guide for all students and scholars of ISS, whether traditionalist, 'new agenda' or critical.

Organization and Management

Organization and Management PDF

Author: Nick van Dam

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-11-11

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13: 1000035336

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Organization and Management is an introduction to theories and contemporary practice in cross-border business management. The book reviews the practice of management where a home-market approach no longer achieves and sustains success in an increasingly competitive global environment. Readers will learn about the experiences of companies in many industries operating in countries such as Argentina, China, Britain, France, Germany, India, the Netherlands, Poland, and the United States. This book is designed for students taking introductory courses in organization, and international management. Through carefully developed case studies, exercises, and integrated text material, this book bridges theory and practice. The full colour layout of the book supports self-study, as well as group study and team work.

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