The Enlightenment and Original Sin

The Enlightenment and Original Sin PDF

Author: Matthew Kadane

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2024-05-22

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 0226832880

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An eloquent microhistory that argues for the centrality of the doctrine of original sin to the Enlightenment. What was the Enlightenment? This question has been endlessly debated. In The Enlightenment and Original Sin, historian Matthew Kadane advances the bold claim that the Enlightenment is best defined through what it set out to accomplish, which was nothing short of rethinking the meaning of human nature. Kadane argues that this project centered around the doctrine of original sin and, ultimately, its rejection, signaling the radical notion that an inherently flawed nature can be overcome by human means. Kadane explores this and other wide-ranging themes through the story of a previously unknown figure, Pentecost Barker, an eighteenth-century purser and wine merchant. By examining Barker’s personal diary and extensive correspondence with a Unitarian minister, Kadane tracks the transformation of Barker’s consciousness from a Puritan to an Enlightenment outlook, revealing through one man’s journey the large-scale shifts in self-understanding whose philosophical reverberations have shaped debates on human nature for centuries.

Born Bad

Born Bad PDF

Author: James Boyce

Publisher: SPCK

Published: 2016-04-21

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0281076030

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According to the doctrine of original sin, all humans are born bad and only God’s grace can bring salvation. James Boyce shows how these ideas have shaped the Western view of human nature, and how the belief that we are all innately sinful retains a firm grip on Western consciousness and culture – even in the writings of avowed atheists such as Marx and Freud. Born Bad traces a fascinating journey from Adam and Eve all the way to Adam Smith and Richard Dawkins in this sweeping story of a controversial idea and its remarkable influence.

Original Sin

Original Sin PDF

Author: Jonathan Edwards

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 1970

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9780300011982

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The controversy over human deprivation which raged throughout the eighteenth century was no mere intramural squabble among theologians but an important phase of the evolution in Western man's estimate of his nature and potentialities. By the time Jonathan Edwards entered the lists to champion the hated doctrine of original sin, he saw himself as not only defending a particular dogma but also combating an increasingly dominant drift of opinion which had already engulfed much of Europe and was encroaching dangerously upon America. John Taylor's treatise was perhaps the boldest and most impressive assault on the doctrine which more than any other contradicted the Enlightenment view of man, and it haunted Edwards throughout all the pressing duties and personal hardships of the years just before and during his sojourn at Stockbridge. Ultimately, he was able to develop a thorough rebuttal of Taylor which focused on three major issues: the fact and nature of original sin, its cause and transmission, and God's responsibility for man's sinfulness. First published in 1758, The Great Christian Doctrine of Original Sin Defended went though at least 13 separate editions and was included in all collected editions of Edwards' works. The text of the first edition has now been brought into accord with the principles of the Yale Edition, making full use of all relevant manuscript materials. Mr. Holbrook's comprehensive Introduction and annotations provide detailed information about the sources, development, and reception of the work. Clyde A. Holbrook is William H. Danforth Professor of Religion at Oberlin College.

The Secular Enlightenment

The Secular Enlightenment PDF

Author: Margaret Jacob

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2021-04-20

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 0691216762

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Provides a panoramic account of the radical ways that life began to change for ordinary people in the age of Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau. In this book, familiar Enlightenment figures share places with voices that have remained largely unheard until now, from freethinkers and freemasons to French materialists, anticlerical Catholics, pantheists, pornographers, readers, and travelers. Jacob reveals how this newly secular outlook was not a wholesale rejection of Christianity but rather a new mental space in which to encounter the world on its own terms. She takes readers from London and Amsterdam to Berlin, Vienna, Turin, and Naples, drawing on rare archival materials to show how ideas central to the emergence of secular democracy touched all facets of daily life. Jacob demonstrates how secular values and pursuits took hold of eighteenth-century Europe, spilled into the American colonies, and left their lasting imprint on the Western world for generations to come. --Adapted from publisher description.

Original Sin

Original Sin PDF

Author: Alan Jacobs

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 2008-04-29

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 0060783400

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Jacobs takes readers on a controversial cultural history of the idea of original sin, its origins, history, proponents, and opponents.

The American Enlightenment, 1750-1820

The American Enlightenment, 1750-1820 PDF

Author: Robert A. Ferguson

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 9780674023222

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This concise literary history of the American Enlightenment captures the varied and conflicting voices of religious and political conviction in the decades when the new nation was formed. Robert Ferguson's trenchant interpretation yields new understanding of this pivotal period for American culture.

Spiritual Warfare

Spiritual Warfare PDF

Author: Jed McKenna

Publisher: Wisefool Press

Published: 2009-11-25

Total Pages: 473

ISBN-13: 0980184800

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Guns and bombs are children’s toys. A true war wages, and you’re invited. IT’S AN INVITATION you may not be able to accept if you want to, or decline if you don’t. It’s an invitation to fight in a war like no other; a war where loss is counted as gain, surrender as victory, and where the enemy you must face, an enemy of unimaginable superiority, is you. Contains Bonus Material.

On the Spirit of Rights

On the Spirit of Rights PDF

Author: Dan Edelstein

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2021-06

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 022679430X

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By the end of the eighteenth century, politicians in America and France were invoking the natural rights of man to wrest sovereignty away from kings and lay down universal basic entitlements. Exactly how and when did “rights” come to justify such measures? In On the Spirit of Rights, Dan Edelstein answers this question by examining the complex genealogy of the rights that regimes enshrined in the American and French Revolutions. With a lively attention to detail, he surveys a sprawling series of debates among rulers, jurists, philosophers, political reformers, writers, and others who were all engaged in laying the groundwork for our contemporary systems of constitutional governance. Every seemingly new claim about rights turns out to be a variation on a theme, as late medieval notions were subtly repeated and refined to yield the talk of “rights” we recognize today. From the Wars of Religion to the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, On the Spirit of Rights is a sweeping tour through centuries of European intellectual history and an essential guide to our ways of thinking about human rights today.