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The Distribution of Thunderstorms Over the Globe
Author: Charles Ernest Pelham Brooks
Publisher:
Published: 1925
Total Pages: 36
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The Lightning Discharge
Author: Martin A. Uman
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Published: 2012-08-21
Total Pages: 395
ISBN-13: 0486151980
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Absorbing monograph by expert sets forth most of known properties of lightning: cloud and lightning charges, stepped leader, return stroke, dart leader, lightning on other planets, thunder, more. 144 illustrations.
Lightning: Principles, Instruments and Applications
Author: Hans Dieter Betz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2008-12-04
Total Pages: 641
ISBN-13: 140209079X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Lightning represents a natural phenomenon of substantial interest. Due to its complex nature, research continues in many countries and reveals amazing results. Lightning is actively observed because of its relevance to Earth climate and air composition in addition to the classical aspects of related human fatalities and damage to forests, buildings, power lines, aircraft, structures and electronic devices. In this volume, the most important contemporary questions on lightning are addressed and analyzed under many experimental and theoretical aspects. Lightning detection techniques using ground-based and space-borne methods are described, along with network engineering and statistical analysis. Contributions detail research on atmospheric electricity, cloud physics, lightning physics, modeling of electrical storms and middle atmospheric events. Special phenomena such as triggered lightning and sprite observations are examined. Lightning-induced nitrogen oxides and their effects on atmospheric chemistry and climate are discussed. Each topic is presented by international experts in the field. Topics include: * air chemistry * convective storms * infrasound from lightning * lightning and climate change * lightning and precipitation * lightning and radiation * lightning and supercells * lightning and thunderstorms * lightning detection * lightning from space * lighting protection * lightning return strokes * observations and interpretations * spatial distribution and frequency * triggered lightning * weather extremes
National Bureau of Standards Handbook
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher:
Published: 1952
Total Pages: 110
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →National Bureau of Standards Handbook
An Initial Assessment of Flash Density and Peak Current Characteristics of Lightning Flashes to Ground in South Florida
Compendium of Meteorology
Author: Thomas Malone
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2016-07-10
Total Pages: 1304
ISBN-13: 1940033705
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The objects of the American Meteorological Society are "the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals." The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.
A Study of the Characteristics of Thunderstorm Cessation at the NASA Kennedy Space Center
Author: Michael Shawn Hinson
Publisher:
Published: 1997-07-01
Total Pages: 103
ISBN-13: 9781423571025
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →A lightning summary was developed for a 100x100 kilometer area centered at the NASA Kennedy Space Center. Spatial and temporal patterns, and first stroke peak currents were analyzed from 1986-1995. Three thunderstorms were chosen due to their proximity to the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and examined for their end of storm characteristics. Radar echoes at the -10 deg C and -20 deg C temperature heights were associated with cloud to ground (CG) lightning strike locations from the National Lightning Detection Network. Electric fields were also examined during the same time frame for any correlations. A pattern was observed for the spatial distribution of CG lightning. An inland maximum in ground flash density was observed during the summer months for both negative and positive flashes. The summer months had the lowest percentage positive flashes (2.5%) while the maximum value occurred during the winter (11.4%). Although thunderstorms can occur at any time during the day, the diurnal distribution of lightning flashes showed that the afternoon (2000 UTC) was the time of maximum lightning activity. From a time history of radar echoes, it was found that a 45 dBZ echo, last detected at the -10 deg C temperature height, may be a good indicator of the end of lightning activity. The observed lag times between this lightning termination signature and the end of all CG lightning flashes was 30 min for all three thunderstorms.
Thunderstorms--a Social, Scientific, & Technological Documentary: Instruments and techniques for thunderstorm observation and analysis
