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The Discovery of Anti-matter

Author: Richard Jerome Weiss

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 9789810236809

In 1936, at age 31, Carl David Anderson became the second youngest Nobel laureate for his discovery of antimatter when he observed positrons in a cloud chamber.He is responsible for developing rocket power weapons that were used in World War II.He was born in New York City in 1905 and was educated in Los Angeles. He served for many years as a physics professor at California Institute of Technology. Prior to Oppenheimer, Anderson was offered the job of heading the Los Alamos atomic bomb program but could not assume the role because of family obligations.He was a pioneer in studying cosmic rays at high altitudes, first atop Pike's Peak, then after the war in a specially equipped B-29.

Antimatter

Author: Beatriz Gato-Rivera

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-04-10

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 3030677915

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Antimatter is one of the most fascinating aspects of Particle Physics, and matter-antimatter annihilation the most energetic process in the universe. If they existed, everyday objects made of antimatter would look exactly like those made of ordinary matter, as would antimatter stars. We live surrounded by antimatter, since showers of matter and antimatter particles fall incessantly on the Earth's surface, some of them penetrating our buildings. Furthermore, many things around us - bananas, for example - actually emit antielectrons. This book first introduces the essentials of particle physics and the nature of particles and antiparticles. It describes the discovery of antimatter particles and explains how they are produced, where they are found, and how antistars could be spotted; it also introduces cosmic rays, particle accelerators, dark matter, dark energy and nuclear reactions in stars. The enigma of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe is discussed as are the very real applications of antimatter in hospitals, in industry and in cutting-edge research and technology, Non-specialist readers will find here a wealth of fascinating and accessible information to deepen their appreciation of antimatter.

Antimatter

Author: Frank Close

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018-10-18

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 019256787X

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Antimatter explores a strange mirror world, where particles have identical yet opposite properties to those that make up the familiar matter we encounter everyday; where left becomes right, positive becomes negative; and where, should matter and antimatter meet, the two annihilate in a blinding flash of energy that makes even thermonuclear explosions look feeble by comparison. It is an idea long beloved of science-fiction stories—but here, renowned science writer Frank Close shows that the reality of antimatter is even more fascinating than the fiction itself. We know that once, antimatter and matter existed in perfect counterbalance, and that antimatter then perpetrated a vanishing act on a cosmic scale that remains one of the greatest mysteries of the universe. Today, antimatter does not exist normally, at least on Earth, but we know that it is real for scientists are now able to make small pieces of it in particle accelerators, such as that at CERN in Geneva. Looking at the remarkable prediction of antimatter and how it grew from the meeting point of relativity and quantum theory in the early 20th century, at the discovery of the first antiparticles, at cosmic rays, annihilation, antimatter bombs, and antiworlds, Close separates the facts from the fiction about antimatter, and explains how its existence can give us profound clues about the origins and structure of the universe. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.

Story Of Antimatter, The: Matter's Vanished Twin

Author: Guennadi Borissov

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2018-04-26

Total Pages: 307

ISBN-13: 9813228776

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'Overall, the text is very well written in a style that is precise yet easy to understand and interesting to follow … It does not refer to scientific or other publications or suggest further reading, but is completely self-contained. This makes it highly accessible for non-experts. It is intended for ‘serious readers with some general background knowledge in physics, although no specialist knowledge is required’. And it can indeed be recommended to any reader with a scientific interest in the subject, and also as a good recreational read for experts. This is even more true due to the excellent quality of the paper and the print, and the nice format and overall making of the book.'Contemporary PhysicsEach elementary particle contained within every known substance has an almost identical twin called its antiparticle. Existing data clearly indicate that equal numbers of particles and antiparticles were initially created soon after the birth of the universe. Despite this, all objects around us, as well as all the stars in all the known galaxies, are made of particles, while antiparticles have almost completely vanished. The reasons behind this disappearance are not yet fully known. Uncovering them will allow us to not only penetrate much deeper into the structure of matter, but also to understand the secret mechanisms that determine the genesis and development of our immense universe. That is why explaining the mystery of the missing antimatter is currently considered to be one of the main tasks of particle physics.This book tells the story of all the achievements in solving the problem of the missing antiparticles including the latest developments in the field. It is written by Prof. Guennadi Borissov, an international expert in this subject. It is intended for serious readers with some general background knowledge in physics, although no specialist knowledge is required. All phenomena observed in the microworld of particles are explained in simple terms using well-known examples from ordinary life. Starting with a description and discussion of the main properties of particles and antiparticles, the book details the important stages in the research that has brought scientists closer to solving one of the greatest enigmas of nature.

The Charm of Strange Quarks

Author: R. Michael Barnett

Publisher: A I P Press

Published: 2000-06-16

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13:

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A primer on the evolution of particle physics and the search for the fundamental building blocks of matter, this book presents the full current body of understanding of particle physics in a way that is accessible to readers with some basic principles of physics. This concise book tells the fascinating story of how 20th century physicists revealed layer upon layer of structure within the atom to reach the basic particles of matter, and culminates in descriptions of current theories which form the Standard Model and the discovery of the top quark. It contains many illustrations and photographs, including the famous "Particle Chart", and integrates the stories of the individual scientists throughout. The book is a collaboration among eminent physicists at LBL, CERN and high school teachers to develop a novel book for teaching particle physics to students. It can thus be used as a supplement for courses in advanced high school and physics courses.

The Particle at the End of the Universe

Author: Sean Carroll

Publisher: Dutton

Published: 2013-08-27

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 0142180300

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"The Higgs boson ... is the key to understanding why mass exists and how atoms are possible. After billions of dollars and decades of effort by more than six thousand researchers at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland--a doorway is opening into the mind-boggling world of dark matter and beyond. Caltech physicist and acclaimed writer Sean Carroll explains both the importance of the Higgs boson and the ultimately human story behind the greatest scientific achievement of our time"--Publisher

The Large Hadron Collider

Author: Lyndon R. Evans

Publisher: EPFL Press

Published: 2009-01-01

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9782940222346

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Describes the technology and engineering of the Large Hadron collider (LHC), one of the greatest scientific marvels of this young 21st century. This book traces the feat of its construction, written by the head scientists involved, placed into the context of the scientific goals and principles.

Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2003-03-12

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 030917113X

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Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.

The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory

Author: Werner Heisenberg

Publisher: Courier Corporation

Published: 2013-04-15

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 0486318419

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Nobel Laureate discusses quantum theory, uncertainty, wave mechanics, work of Dirac, Schroedinger, Compton, Einstein, others. "An authoritative statement of Heisenberg's views on this aspect of the quantum theory." — Nature.

The God Particle

Author: Leon M. Lederman

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 452

ISBN-13: 9780618711680

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A fascinating tour of particle physics from Nobel Prize winner Leon Lederman. At the root of particle physics is an invincible sense of curiosity. Leon Lederman embraces this spirit of inquiry as he moves from the Greeks' earliest scientific observations to Einstein and beyond to chart this unique arm of scientific study. His survey concludes with the Higgs boson, nicknamed the God Particle, which scientists hypothesize will help unlock the last secrets of the subatomic universe, quarks and all--it's the dogged pursuit of this almost mystical entity that inspires Lederman's witty and accessible history.