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The Dilemma of Freedom and Foreknowledge

Author: Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1996-04-25

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 0195355407

This original analysis examines the three leading traditional solutions to the dilemma of divine foreknowledge and human free will--those arising from Boethius, from Ockham, and from Molina. Though all three solutions are rejected in their best-known forms, three new solutions are proposed, and Zagzebski concludes that divine foreknowledge is compatible with human freedom. The discussion includes the relation between the foreknowledge dilemma and problems about the nature of time and the causal relation; the logic of counterfactual conditionals; and the differences between divine and human knowing states. An appendix introduces a new foreknowledge dilemma that purports to show that omniscient foreknowledge conflicts with deep intuitions about temporal asymmetry, quite apart from considerations of free will. Zagzebski shows that only a narrow range of solutions can handle this new dilemma. A compelling contribution to the field, The Dilemma of Freedom and Foreknowledge will appeal to students and scholars of theistic philosophy and the philosophy of religion.

Divine Foreknowledge and Human Freedom

Author: William Lane Craig

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 390

ISBN-13: 9789004092501

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The ancient problem of fatalism, more particularly theological fatalism, has resurfaced with surprising vigour in the second half of the twentieth century. Two questions predominate in the debate: (1) Is divine foreknowledge compatible with human freedom and (2) How can God foreknow future free acts? Having surveyed the historical background of this debate in "The Problem of Divine Foreknowledge" and "Future Contingents from Aristotle to Suarez" (Brill: 1988), William Lane Craig now attempts to address these issues critically. His wide-ranging discussion brings together a thought- provoking array of related topics such as logical fatalism, multivalent logic, backward causation, precognition, time travel, counterfactual logic, temporal necessity, Newcomb's Problem, middle knowledge, and relativity theory. The present work serves both as a useful survey of the extensive literature on theological fatalism and related fields and as a stimulating assessment of the possibility of divine foreknowledge of future free acts.

The Divine Foreknowledge

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1842

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13:

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Divine Omniscience and Human Free Will

Author: Ciro De Florio

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-14

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 303031300X

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This book deals with an old conundrum: if God knows what we will choose tomorrow, how can we be free to choose otherwise? If all our choices are already written, is our freedom simply an illusion? This book provides a precise analysis of this dilemma using the tools of modern metaphysics and logic of time. With a focus on three intertwined concepts - God’s nature, the formal structure of time, and the metaphysics time, including the relationship between temporal entities and a timeless God - the chapters analyse various solutions to the problem of foreknowledge and freedom, revealing the advantages and drawbacks of each. Building on this analysis, the authors advance constructive solutions, showing under what conditions an entity can be omniscient in the presence of free agents, and whether an eternal entity can know the tensed futures of the world. The metaphysics of time, its topology and the semantics of future tensed sentences are shown to be invaluable topics in dealing with this issue. Combining investigations into the metaphysics of time with the discipline of temporal logic this monograph brings about important advancements in the philosophical understanding of an ancient and fascinating problem. The answer, if any, is hidden in the folds of time, in the elusive nature of this feature of reality and in the infinite branching of our lives.

Freedom, Fatalism, and Foreknowledge

Author: John Martin Fischer

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2015-06-01

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 019027333X

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We typically think we have free will. But how could we have free will, if for anything we do, it was already true in the distant past that we would do that thing? Or how could we have free will, if God already knows in advance all the details of our lives? Such issues raise the specter of "fatalism". This book collects sixteen previously published articles on fatalism, truths about the future, and the relationship between divine foreknowledge and human freedom, and includes a substantial introductory essay and bibliography. Many of the pieces collected here build bridges between discussions of human freedom and recent developments in other areas of metaphysics, such as philosophy of time. Ideal for courses in free will, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion, Freedom, Fatalism, and Foreknowledge will encourage important new directions in thinking about free will, time, and truth.

Freedom, Fatalism, and Foreknowledge

Author: John Martin Fischer

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2015-05-04

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 0199942404

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Divine Foreknowledge and Necessity

Author: In-Kyu Song

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13:

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The omniscience of God poses problems for the concept of free will that has occupied philosophers for centuries. Song (systematic theology, Hapdong Theological Seminary, South Korea) presents an argument for the presence of free will based on the distinction between hard and soft facts proposed by 14th century theologian and philosopher William of Ockham. He suggests that God's knowledge of any particular act is a soft fact that is dependent on the performance of that act itself. God's knowledge of an act only becomes true if that act is performed. This characteristic of God's knowledge as Ockhamist soft fact is what allows for human freedom of action. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Fate and Free Will

Author: Heath White

Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess

Published: 2019-11-30

Total Pages: 509

ISBN-13: 0268106312

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In Fate and Free Will, Heath White explores and defends a traditional view of God's relationship to creation that has in recent years fallen out of favor. White argues that theological determinism—the idea that God is directly responsible for every detail of history and existence—is relevant to concepts such as human responsibility, freedom, and justice; the meaning of life; and theodicy. Defending theological determinism from the perspective of traditional orthodox Christianity, White clarifies this view, positions it within scripture, and argues positively for it through considerations about divine attributes and via the idea of an ex nihilo creation. White addresses objections to theological determinism by presenting nuanced and insightful counterarguments. He asserts that theological determinism does not undermine practices of criminal punishment, destroy human responsibility, render life meaningless, or hinder freedom. While the book does not attempt to answer every dilemma concerning evil or hell, it effectively grapples with them. To make his case for theological determinism, White relies on theories of free will, moral responsibility, and a meaningful life. He uses clear commonsense language and vivid illustrations to bring to light the conditions of meaning and purpose in our lives and the metaphysics of God's relationship to the world. This original book will appeal to the philosophical community as well as students and scholars of theology.

Time, Change and Freedom

Author: L. Nathan Oaklander

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005-08-18

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1134851731

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First published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

God, Time, and Knowledge

Author: William Hasker

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2019-06-30

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 1501702904

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"This outstanding book... is a genuinely pivotal contribution to the lively current debate over divine foreknowledge and human freedom.... Hasker's book has three commendable features worthy of immediate note. First, it contains a carefully crafted overview of the recent literature on foreknowledge and freedom and so can serve as an excellent introduction to that literature. Second, it is tightly reasoned and brimming with brisk arguments, many of them highly original. Third, it correctly situates the philosophical dispute over foreknowledge and freedom within its proper theological context and in so doing highlights the intimate connection between the doctrines of divine omniscience and divine providence."—Faith and Philosophy"[God, Time, and Knowledge] is an elegantly written, forcefully argued challenge to traditional views, and a major contribution to the discussion of divine foreknowledge."—Philosophical Review"This is a very competent, thorough analysis of the conflict between free will and divine foreknowledge (or, on some acounts, timeless divine knowledge of our future). It is exceptionally clear."—Theological Book Review