The Change Toward Cooperation in the George W. Bush Administration's Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy Toward North Korea

The Change Toward Cooperation in the George W. Bush Administration's Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy Toward North Korea PDF

Author: Jonas Schneider

Publisher: Peter Lang

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 206

ISBN-13: 9783631602133

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This book offers a case study in foreign policy change: It examines why the Bush administration suddenly redirected its nuclear nonproliferation policy toward North Korea in the aftermath of North Korea's first nuclear test in October 2006, abandoning its former confrontational approach in favor of a more accommodating line. Existing explanations of this course reversal draw on the security implications of a growing crisis on the Korean Peninsula, U.S. domestic politics, and changing decision-making dynamics within the Bush administration. Employing before-after comparison, the study refutes these accounts - and it offers an alternative explanation: The Bush administration altered its nonproliferation policy toward North Korea toward a cooperative course because after the nuclear test, it perceived fundamentally improved prospects for fruitful cooperation on North Korea's denuclearization.

The US–India Nuclear Agreement

The US–India Nuclear Agreement PDF

Author: Vandana Bhatia

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2017-06-23

Total Pages: 211

ISBN-13: 1498506267

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The United States–India nuclear cooperation agreement to resume civilian nuclear technology trade with India—a non-signatory of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) and a defacto nuclear weapon state—is regarded as an impetuous shift in the US nuclear nonproliferation policy. The 2008 nuclear agreement aroused sharp reactions and unleashed a storm of controversies regarding the reversal of the US nonproliferation policy and its implications for the NPT regime. This book attempts to overcome the significant empirical and theoretical deficits in understanding the rationale for the change in the US nuclear nonproliferation policy toward India. This nuclear deal has been largely related to the US foreign policy objectives, especially establishing India as a regional counter-balance to China. The author examines the US–India nuclear cooperation agreement in a bilateral context, with regard to the nuclear regime. In past discourse India has been mainly viewed as a challenger to the nuclear regime, but this reflects the paucity in understanding India’s approach to the issue of nuclear weapons. The author relates the nuclear estrangement to the disjuncture between the US and India’s respective approach to nuclear weapons, evident during the negotiations that led to the framing of the NPT. The change in the US approach towards India, the nuclear outlier, has been exclusively linked to the Bush administration, which faced considerable criticism for sidelining the nonproliferation policy. This book instead traces the shifting of nuclear goalposts to the Clinton administration following the Pokhran II nuclear tests conducted by India. Contrary to the widespread perception that the decision to offer the nuclear technology to India was an impromptu decision by the Bush administration, the author contends that it was the result of a diligent process of bilateral dialogue and interaction. This book provides a detailed overview of the rationale and the developments that led to the agreement. Employing the regime theory, the author argues that the US–India nuclear agreement was neither an overturn of the US nuclear nonproliferation policy nor an unravelling of the NPT-centric regime. Rather, it was a strategic move to accommodate India, the anomaly within the regime.

Perspectives on U.S. Policy Toward North Korea

Perspectives on U.S. Policy Toward North Korea PDF

Author: Sharon Richardson

Publisher: Lexington Books

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13: 9780739113516

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North Korea has been described as the most secretive country on earth. Dealing with such a closed society_one that is simultaneously seeking acceptance through nuclear relations while defying the plea to cease development of nuclear weapons_is difficult for governments and policy makers, but Perspectives on Policy Toward North Korea opens discussion on the various approaches the United States has adopted and is considering. Providing expert views on the impasse between the U.S. and North Korea, the volume addresses topics that include the negotiating strategies of the Clinton and Bush administrations, the concept of building bilateral relationships through contact of U.S. and South Korean military officers, and the benefits of allowing China to take the lead in conflict resolution. Employing both traditional and unusual methods, including diplomatic, academic, and military viewpoints, Perspectives on Policy Toward North Korea is an essential guide to a better understanding of this complicated dynamic and an important work for policy makers, analysts, and anyone interested in conflict resolution and security studies.

Do Carrots Make the Donkey Move?

Do Carrots Make the Donkey Move? PDF

Author: Jessica Fischer

Publisher: VDM Publishing

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13:

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The North Korean nuclear weapons conflict has been a security problem in international politics for a long time. Over and over again we hear about new talks with the North East Asian country and new promises to stop its nuclear program. But the situation has not changed yet. Why have the policies which have been applied towards North Korea not been successful so far? And how can this conflict be solved for good? In an attempt to answer this question the book focuses on the strategies of the United States towards North Korea. The author analyzes the two major crisis between the two countries which occurred during the presidencies of Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. With the help of compliance theory the different instruments used by the administrations are categorized either as enforcement or management tools. Which tools were more effective? And can the authors hypothesis be proven that the more the US uses management strategies, the more successful they will be in getting North Korea to comply with the Non-Proliferation Treaty? The book addresses academics as well as people who are interested in learning more about one of the most dangerous problems of our times.

Disarming Strangers

Disarming Strangers PDF

Author: Leon V. Sigal

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 1999-07-01

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 1400822351

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In June 1994 the United States went to the brink of war with North Korea. With economic sanctions impending, President Bill Clinton approved the dispatch of substantial reinforcements to Korea, and plans were prepared for attacking the North's nuclear weapons complex. The turning point came in an extraordinary private diplomatic initiative by former President Jimmy Carter and others to reverse the dangerous American course and open the way to a diplomatic settlement of the nuclear crisis. Few Americans know the full details behind this story or perhaps realize the devastating impact it could have had on the nation's post-Cold War foreign policy. In this lively and authoritative book, Leon Sigal offers an inside look at how the Korean nuclear crisis originated, escalated, and was ultimately defused. He begins by exploring a web of intelligence failures by the United States and intransigence within South Korea and the International Atomic Energy Agency. Sigal pays particular attention to an American mindset that prefers coercion to cooperation in dealing with aggressive nations. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with policymakers from the countries involved, he discloses the details of the buildup to confrontation, American refusal to engage in diplomatic give-and-take, the Carter mission, and the diplomatic deal of October 1994. In the post-Cold War era, the United States is less willing and able than before to expend unlimited resources abroad; as a result it will need to act less unilaterally and more in concert with other nations. What will become of an American foreign policy that prefers coercion when conciliation is more likely to serve its national interests? Using the events that nearly led the United States into a second Korean War, Sigal explores the need for policy change when it comes to addressing the challenge of nuclear proliferation and avoiding conflict with nations like Russia, Iran, and Iraq. What the Cuban missile crisis was to fifty years of superpower conflict, the North Korean nuclear crisis is to the coming era.

U.S. Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula

U.S. Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula PDF

Author: Charles L. Pritchard

Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 0876094892

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This Task Force report comprehensively reviews the situation on the peninsula as well as the options for U.S. policy. It provides a valuable ranking of U.S. interests, and calls for a firm commitment from the Obama administration to seek denuclearization of the Korean peninsula, backed by a combination of sanctions, incentives, and sustained political pressure, in addition to increased efforts to contain proliferation. It notes that China's participation in this effort is vital. Indeed, the report makes clear that any hope of North Korea's dismantling its nuclear program rests on China's willingness to take a strong stance. For denuclearization to proceed, China must acknowledge that the long-term hazard of a nuclear Korea is more perilous to it and the region than the short-term risk of instability. The report also recognizes that robust relations between Washington and its allies in the region, Japan and South Korea, must underpin any efforts to deal with the North Korean problem. It looks as well at regime change and scenarios that could lead to reunification of the peninsula. At the same time that the Task Force emphasizes the danger and urgency of North Korea's behavior, it recognizes and applauds the beneficial U.S. relationship with South Korea, which has proved to be a valuable economic and strategic partner. In this vein, the Task Force advocates continued close coordination with Seoul and urges prompt congressional passage of the U.S.-South Korea free trade agreement.

Russian Nonproliferation Policy and the Korean Peninsula

Russian Nonproliferation Policy and the Korean Peninsula PDF

Author: Yong-ch'ul Ha

Publisher:

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13:

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Efforts to resolve the threat posed to Northeast Asia's security by North Korea's nuclear proliferation through six-party negotiations are proceeding with great difficulty. As in any multilateral process, a major problem is understanding the goals and perspectives of each of the participants. This monograph focuses upon Moscow's perspectives with regard to North Korea's nuclear program and Russia's own standing in Northeast Asia, as well as of the other participants in those negotiations, since their views unfortunately are not well-known or readily available in the United States.

Hand-Off: The Foreign Policy George W. Bush Passed to Barack Obama

Hand-Off: The Foreign Policy George W. Bush Passed to Barack Obama PDF

Author: Stephen J. Hadley

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2023-02-15

Total Pages: 775

ISBN-13: 0815739788

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Hand-Off details the Bush administration’s national security and foreign policy as described at the time in then-classified Transition Memoranda prepared by the National Security Council experts who advised President Bush. Thirty of these Transition Memoranda, newly declassified and here made public for the first time, provide a detailed, comprehensive, and first-hand look at the foreign policy the Bush administration turned over to President Obama. In a postscript to each memorandum, these same experts now in hindsight take a remarkably self- critical look at that Bush foreign policy legacy after more than a dozen years of watching subsequent administrations attempt to deal with the same vexing agenda of threats and opportunities-- China, Russia, Iran, the Middle East, terrorism, proliferation, cyber, pandemics, and climate change—an agenda that still dominates America’s national security and foreign policy. Hand-Off will be an invaluable resource for scholars, students, policy analysts, and general readers seeking to understand afresh the Bush administration’s foreign policy, particularly in view of the records of the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations.

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