The Challenge Posed by New Synthetic Opioids: Pharmacology and Toxicology

The Challenge Posed by New Synthetic Opioids: Pharmacology and Toxicology PDF

Author: Simona Pichini

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2019-08-19

Total Pages: 107

ISBN-13: 2889459721

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New Synthetic Opioids (NSOs), most of which are illegally produced and sold for recreational use, are posing a serious threat to the health of consumers. Due to the low cost of materials and equipment required for clandestine laboratories production with respect to the production cost of heroin, NSOs are climbing the illegal street and web drug market. Several of these drugs have been involved in a recent rise in acute intoxications and overdose deaths. Since NSOs offer enormous profit potential, and there is strong demand for their use, these drugs are being trafficked by organized crime and present major challenges for medical professionals facing intoxications and fatalities, law enforcement agencies fighting against their diffusion and policymakers trying to restrain the use and abuse of NSOs. This Research Topic aimed to fill the gap on current knowledge on pharmacology and toxicology, health risks for adult and newborns of NSOs covering both basic scientific as well as epidemiological and clinical aspects. 3 reviews, 3 mini-reviews, 1 original article, 2 case reports and 1 opinion are here presented.

Novel Psychoactive Substances

Novel Psychoactive Substances PDF

Author: Paul I. Dargan

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2021-09-06

Total Pages: 556

ISBN-13: 0128190302

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Novel Psychoactive Substances: Classification, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Second Edition provides readers with a comprehensive examination on the classification, detection, supply and availability of novel psychoactive substances, otherwise known as "legal highs." The book covers individual classes of novel psychoactive substances that have recently emerged onto the recreational drug scene and provides an overview of the pharmacology of the substance and a discussion of their associated acute and chronic harm and toxicity. This second edition addresses drugs new to the scene, with completely updated and revised chapters. Written by international experts in the field, this multi-authored book is an essential reference for scientists, clinicians, academics, and regulatory and law enforcement professionals. Includes chapters written by international experts in the field Presents a comprehensive overview on the classification, detection, availability and supply of novel psychoactive substances, in addition to the pharmacology and toxicology associated with the substance Offers a single source for all interested parties working in this area, including scientists, academics, clinicians, law enforcement and regulatory agencies Provides a full treatment of novel psychoactive substances that have recently emerged onto the recreational drug scene, including amphetamines and the synthetic cannabinoid receptors in ‘spice’ and ‘K2’

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic PDF

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-09-28

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0309459575

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Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.

Handbook on Opium

Handbook on Opium PDF

Author: Vasanth Kumar

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2022-01-29

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 0323909043

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Handbook of Opium: History and Basis of Opioids in Therapeutics traces the history of poppy from its prehistory, its use in Greek and Egyptian medicine through the European Renaissance, and the opioid epidemic of the present day. The book explores the discovery of morphine and its alkaloids, reviews its biosynthetic process, and covers the evolution of synthetic opioids. Further, it reviews the biological effects of opium and the molecular basis of its actions, including future perspectives in clinical applications with therapeutic targets. The book is interspersed with numerous notes on the events and great minds in history and medicine who advocated, analyzed and advanced opium through history. The book is a comprehensive review on opium, covering a breadth of topics, including its history, botany, chemistry, trade, physiology, clinical use and molecular biology, with numerous references, tables, vignettes and illustrations included for additional understanding. Presents a comprehensive review on opium, covering a range of topics Filled with historical vignettes, tables and illustrations to aid understanding Authored by practicing clinicians who integrate clinical information in the context of history and pharmacology

New Psychoactive Substances

New Psychoactive Substances PDF

Author: Hans H. Maurer

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-02-20

Total Pages: 566

ISBN-13: 303010561X

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This volume is designed to feature the pharmacology of new psychoactive substances, legislative aspects, information exchange including epidemiology, and clinical, forensic, and analytical toxicology in order to facilitate the understanding of this complex and rapidly developing phenomenon.

The Future of Fentanyl and Other Synthetic Opioids

The Future of Fentanyl and Other Synthetic Opioids PDF

Author: Bryce Pardo

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781977403384

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Deaths involving synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl, increased from roughly 3,000 in 2013 to more than 30,000 in 2018. This book provides readers with insights intended to improve their understanding of the synthetic opioid problem.

World Drug Report 2017 (Set of 5 Booklets)

World Drug Report 2017 (Set of 5 Booklets) PDF

Author: United Nations Publications

Publisher:

Published: 2017-08-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789211482911

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The 2017 WDR will include an updated overview of recent trends on production, trafficking and consumption of key illicit drugs as well as highlighting a thematic area of concern. The Report will maintain a global overview of the baseline data and estimates on drug demand and supply. This part will be descriptive and less analytical to fulfill one of the main functions of the report which is to provide the reference point of information on the drug situation worldwide. Other parts will be more analytical and will look in depth at few specific topics. Issues which will be highlighted in analysing new trends were selected on the basis of available research findings discussed within RAB and other internal and external stakeholders, including the members of the WDR Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC). The thematic focus of the 2017 Report will be on the links between drugs, terrorism, corruption, transnational organized crime and illicit financial flows.

Novel Psychoactive Substances

Novel Psychoactive Substances PDF

Author: Ornella Corazza

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-08-09

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 331960600X

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In light of the recent emergence of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) on a global scale, this book provides a timely analysis of the social and economic impact of the NPS phenomenon, and of the global policy and regulatory responses to it. It presents the first comprehensive overview of the international regulation, policy and market structure of the NPS phenomenon, offering a guide to inform legislative discussions and demonstrating from a comparative perspective the different approaches used to address the rise of NPS to date. It covers topics such as organized crime, drug markets, clinical evidence on NPS, and different regulatory approaches also in less explored settings such as prisons and sport environments. Overall, this highly informative and well-structured repository of different experiences with NPS policy, law and regulation offers an essential primary source of evidence for anyone interested in the area of drug and NPS policy, health economics and p ublic health.

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