Descriptive Psychology and the Person Concept

Descriptive Psychology and the Person Concept PDF

Author: Wynn Schwartz

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2019-05-21

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0128139862

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Descriptive Psychology and the Person Concept maps the common ground of behavioral science. The absence of a shared foundation has given us fragmentation, a siloed state of psychological theory and practice. And the science? The integrity of choice, accountability, reason, and intention are necessary commitments at the cornerstone of civilization and any person-centered psychotherapy, but when taught along with a “scientific requirement for reductionism and determinism, reside in contradictory intellectual universes. Peter Ossorio developed the Person Concept to remedy these problems. This book is an introduction to his work and the community of scientists, scholars, and practitioners of Descriptive Psychology. Ossorio offered these maxims that capture the discipline’s spirit: 1. The world makes sense, and so do people. They make sense to begin with. 2. It’s one world. Everything fits together. Everything is related to everything else. 3. Things are what they are and not something else instead. 4. Don’t count on the world being simpler than it has to be. The Person Concept is a single, coherent concept of interdependent component concepts: Individual Persons; Behavior as Intentional Action; Language and Verbal Behavior; Community and Culture; and World and Reality. Descriptive Psychology uses preempirical, theory-neutral formulations and methods, to make explicit the implicit structure of the behavioral sciences. The goal is a framework with a place for what is already known with room for what is yet to be found. Provides a way to compare theories, coordinate empirical findings, and negotiate competent disagreement Offers guidance for effective case formulation and integration of therapies Explores the dilemmas of personhood and the complexities of human and nonhuman action, investigating "what is a person, and how can we be sure?" Follows the implications of Hedonics, Prudence, Ethics, and Aesthetics as intrinsic perspectives and reasons for action Applies these concepts to personality and social dynamics, consciousness, relationship change, emotional behavior, deliberation, and judgment Provides a guide to establishing and restoring empathy--especially when it's difficult

New Directions in the Treatment of Aggressive Behavior for Persons with Mental and Developmental Disabilities

New Directions in the Treatment of Aggressive Behavior for Persons with Mental and Developmental Disabilities PDF

Author: Robert Paul Liberman

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 859

ISBN-13: 9781634838900

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New Directions in the Treatment of Aggressive Behavior in Persons with Mental and Developmental Disabilities was written because of the paucity of practical, evidence-based and person-centered information regarding the treatment and management of aggressive behavior exhibited by persons with these disabilities. This book will acquaint readers about the: *scope of aggression among the mentally and developmentally disabled persons *basic principles for designing and validating novel treatments for aggressive behavior *comprehensive functional assessment of aggression that permits individualized design of treatment interventions with a high likelihood of success in reducing or eliminating aggression toward others or self. *positive behavior supports for a wide range of developmentally disabled persons, including those with traumatic brain injuries *currently validated, evidence-based medications for the control of aggression and how to use medications so they are monitored for effectiveness *cognitive-behavior therapy for aggression among the mentally ill *national and international dissemination and adoption of the treatment techniques described in this book The major reason for writing this book was to bring these new directions in the effective treatment of aggressive behavior into the mainstream of services for persons with mental and developmental disabilities. The Editors engaged in enormous efforts of dissemination -- far beyond publications and presentations to professional colleagues at conferences, conventions and institutes. Our extensive dissemination efforts - where they given workshops and training institutes - have taken place in China, Japan, India, Turkey, Israel, Algeria, Spain, France, Italy, Bulgaria, Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia, Austria, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. For example, our colleagues in China recently informed us that over 50,000 Chinese persons with schizophrenia have participated in our published modules for training social and independent living skills. Our previous books have been translated in numerous languages, and at last count are in active use in 23 countries. Their goal in writing this book was to encourage various service agencies, treatment facilities and clinical teams to use positive techniques in managing aggressive behavior and teach appropriate communication and self-management skills.

Interpersonal Behavior

Interpersonal Behavior PDF

Author: Robert Carson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-07-12

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 1351511807

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This book represents an inquiry into an area of human behavior at once fascinating and exasperating. It is fascinating because it is a class of behavior that, while peculiarly resistant to cognitive analysis and clarification it remains, for most of us throughout our lives, a subjectively crucial issue. In Interpersonal Behavior Carson analyzes, describes, and explains the transactions that occur between persons. The analysis focuses upon the smallest possible unit of social interaction, the dyad, or two-person group. This book is as important today as when it first appeared in 1969 because it forces us to recognize that attributions to others are incomplete without reference to the circumstances in which a particular behavior occurs. Carson posits that, while personality characteristics may not be ephemeral, any observed stability is the product of whatever propensities can accurately be identified as existing "inside" the person, and the interpersonal situation in which they are expressed. Carson urges us to examine more carefully the effect of noncomplementarity on what appears to be stable personality characteristics. Carson introduces us to the principal interpersonal theorists in a series of expository chapters that are both lucid and authoritative. His long experience as a clinical psychologist enables him to make a telling application of interaction concepts of personality to the field of mental and emotional "illness." He makes clear that many people designated as "mental patients" have suffered real harm because they are perceived as having a "diseased" personality, rather than as people who, under certain circumstances, behave deviantly.

Risky Behavior among Youths

Risky Behavior among Youths PDF

Author: Jonathan Gruber

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2009-02-15

Total Pages: 551

ISBN-13: 0226309975

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Every day young people engage in risky behaviors that affect not only their immediate well-being but their long-term health and safety. These well-honed essays apply diverse economic analyses to a wide range of unsafe activities, including teen drinking and driving, smoking, drug use, unprotected sex, and criminal activity. Economic principles are further applied to mental health and performance issues such as teenage depression, suicide, nutritional disorders, and high school dropout rates. Together, the essays yield notable findings: price and regulatory incentives are critical determinants of high-risk behavior, suggesting that youths do apply some sort of cost/benefit calculation when making decisions; the macroeconomic environment in which those decisions are made matters greatly; and youths who pursue high-risk behaviors are significantly more likely to engage in similar behaviors as adults. This important volume provides both a key data source for public policy makers and a clear affirmation of the usefulness of economic analysis to our understanding of risky behavior.

Applied Behavior Analysis

Applied Behavior Analysis PDF

Author: Edward P. Sarafino

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-10-25

Total Pages: 498

ISBN-13: 0470571527

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APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS Applied Behavior Analysis: Principles and Procedures for Modifying Behavior will serve as a resource for students who plan to become behavior analysts to design and conduct interventions to change clients’ behaviors. Author, Edward P. Sarafino provides an understanding of the fundamental techniques of applied behavior analysis by presenting its concepts and procedures in a logical sequence and giving clear definitions and examples of each technique. This book will guide readers to learn: how to identify and define the behavior to be changed and how a response is determined by its antecedents and consequences, usable, practical skills by specifically stating the purpose of each technique, describing how it is carried out, and presenting guidelines and tips to maximize its effectiveness, why and how to design a program to change a behavioral deficit or excess by conducting a functional assessment and then selecting and combining techniques that can be directed at the behavior itself and its antecedents and consequences, and, to illustrate why and how to collect and analyze data. Here is what reviewers have said about Applied Behavior Analysis: Principles and Procedures for Modifying Behavior: “Overall, this textbook provides a thorough, concise, and engaging introduction to applied behavior analysis.” Rafael Bejarano, Henderson State University This textbook “… provides good, basic explanations of concepts in Applied Behavior Analysis that are easy to grasp for undergraduate students.” Lisa Gurdin, Northeastern University This textbook is, “Comprehensive. Easily accessible” and it has “ Great illustrations and examples.” Joel Kevin Thompson, University of Southern Florida To learn more about Applied Behavior Analysis: Principles and Procedures for Modifying Behavior, please visit us at www.wiley.com/college/sarafino.

Applied Behavior Analysis Treatment of Violence and Aggression in Persons with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities

Applied Behavior Analysis Treatment of Violence and Aggression in Persons with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities PDF

Author: James K. Luiselli

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-29

Total Pages: 211

ISBN-13: 3030685497

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This book focuses on applied behavior analysis (ABA) treatment of violence and aggression in persons with neurodevelopmental disabilities. It details ABA theory and concepts leading to empirical treatment procedures that can be implemented successfully across diverse treatment settings. Further, the book examines contemporary approaches to functional behavioral assessment (FBA) and functional analysis (FA) in determining the environmental conditions responsible for violence and aggression. In addition, the volume describes several evidence-supported treatment procedures that encompass antecedent-control, contingency management, cognitive-behavior therapy, and physical intervention components. It addresses effective strategies for training and supervising care providers, including behavioral skills training (BST), posttraining performance management, and mindfulness. Finally, the book presents recommendations that guide effective and socially valid research-to-practice translation. Applied Behavior Analysis Treatment of Violence and Aggression in Persons with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians/therapists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in forensic psychology, public health, criminology/criminal justice, and behavioral therapy and rehabilitation.

Dimensions of Human Behavior

Dimensions of Human Behavior PDF

Author: Elizabeth D. Hutchison

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Published: 2024-01-02

Total Pages: 892

ISBN-13: 1071831488

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Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment offers a comprehensive examination of human behavior using a multidimensional framework. The new Seventh Edition delves into diversity, neuroscience, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, complemented by new case studies.

Self-Injurious Behavior in Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions

Self-Injurious Behavior in Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions PDF

Author: Frederick Furniss

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-30

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 3030360164

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This book addresses self-injurious behavior (SIB) in individuals with various neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). It takes a cross-NDC perspective that synthesizes recent research on variability in incidence and presentation across NDCs and the natural history and neurobiology of SIB. Chapters examine implications for biobehavioral definitions of subtypes of SIB and provide a detailed guide to assessment and intervention using an integrated research-based model for individualized treatment. In addition, chapters present a practice-focused structure using case studies to illustrate clinical implications of research findings. The book concludes with a discussion of current directions in research and their potential to guide innovation in prevention and treatment of SIB. Topics featured in this handbook include: · Self-restraint among individuals who self-injure. · Self-injurious behavior in individuals with autism spectrum conditions. · Assessing and managing short-term effects of SIB. · Reducing risk of, and responding to, relapse following successful intervention with SIB. · Ethical issues associated with working with people who engage in self-injurious behaviors. Self-Injurious Behavior in Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians and practitioners as well as graduate students in the fields of clinical child and school psychology, applied behavior analysis, pediatrics, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, child and adolescent psychiatry, clinical psychology and psychiatry of adult intellectual disability, and special education.

Understanding Mental Disorders

Understanding Mental Disorders PDF

Author: American Psychiatric Association

Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub

Published: 2023-10-16

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13: 161537521X

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"Understanding Mental Disorders: Your Guide to DSM-5-TR explains mental disorders, their diagnosis, and their treatment in basic terms for those seeking mental health care and for their loved ones. The book is a practical guide to the disorders described in the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The most recent edition of DSM is the fifth edition text revision, referred to as DSM-5-TR. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) developed Understanding Mental Disorders: Your Guide to DSM-5-TR to help people whose lives have been touched by mental illness. The book was written to help people better understand mental disorders and how to manage them. The APA also publishes DSM. The purpose of DSM is to create a common language for health care providers who diagnose mental illnesses. Understanding Mental Disorders can be a helpful resource when talking with a health care provider before or after a diagnosis is received. The content of this book mirrors that of DSM-5-TR-it describes symptoms, risk factors, and related disorders. It defines mental disorders based on their symptoms and explores special needs or concerns. This new edition of Understanding Mental Disorders reflects changes made to DSM-5-TR and has been fully updated. Understanding Mental Disorders was first published after the publication of DSM-5. Understanding Mental Disorders is designed to help combat mental illness through education about the disorders and their symptoms, know when to seek help, and what to expect from treatment"--