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The Basque Seroras

Author: Amanda L. Scott

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2020-03-15

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 1501747517

The Basque Seroras explores the intersections between local community, women's work, and religious reform in early modern northern Spain. Amanda L. Scott provides a wonderful depiction of these uncloistered religious women, who took no vows and were free to leave the religious life if they chose. Their vocation afforded them considerably more autonomy and, in some ways, liberty, than nuns or wives. Scott's archival work recovers the surprising ubiquity of seroras, with every Basque parish church employing at least one, if not several. Their central position in local religious life allows Scott to revise how we think about the social and religious limitations placed on women during the early modern period. By situating the seroras within the social dynamics and devotional life of local communities, The Basque Seroras broadens the way we conceive of female religious life and the opportunities it could provide. It also amends our understanding of reform at the local level. Scott contends that even though the Counter-Reformation program of centralization and standardization is often characterized as an immediate—and repressive—success, the seroras demonstrate the variability of local enforcement and the ways in which parishes could successfully press for leniency or reach compromises with authorities. These devout laywomen, straddling the secular and religious spheres, were instrumental in this process of negotiated reform.

The Basque Seroras

Author: Amanda L. Scott

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781501747496

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The Basque Seroras explores the intersections between local community, women's work, and religious reform in early modern northern Spain. Amanda L. Scott provides a wonderful depiction of these uncloistered religious women, who took no vows and were free to leave the religious life if they chose. Their vocation afforded them considerably more autonomy and, in some ways, liberty, than nuns or wives. Scott's archival work recovers the surprising ubiquity of seroras, with every Basque parish church employing at least one, if not several. Their central position in local religious life allows Scott to revise how we think about the social and religious limitations placed on women during the early modern period. By situating the seroras within the social dynamics and devotional life of local communities, The Basque Seroras broadens the way we conceive of female religious life and the opportunities it could provide. It also amends our understanding of reform at the local level. Scott contends that even though the Counter-Reformation program of centralization and standardization is often characterized as an immediate--and repressive--success, the seroras demonstrate the variability of local enforcement and the ways in which parishes could successfully press for leniency or reach compromises with authorities. These devout laywomen, straddling the secular and religious spheres, were instrumental in this process of negotiated reform.

Women and Community in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia

Author: Michelle Armstrong-Partida

Publisher: U of Nebraska Press

Published: 2020-06-01

Total Pages: 363

ISBN-13: 1496219678

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Women and Community in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia draws on recent research to underscore the various ways Iberian women influenced and contributed to their communities, engaging with a broader academic discussion of women's agency and cultural impact in the Iberian Peninsula. By focusing on women from across the socioeconomic and religious spectrum--elite, bourgeois, and peasant Christian women, Jewish, Muslim, converso, and Morisco women, and married, widowed, and single women--this volume highlights the diversity of women's experiences, examining women's social, economic, political, and religious ties to their families and communities in both urban and rural environments. Comprised of twelve essays from both established and new scholars, Women and Community in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia showcases groundbreaking work on premodern women, revealing the complex intersections between gender and community while highlighting not only relationships of support and inclusion but also the tensions that worked to marginalize and exclude women.

Devout Laywomen in the Early Modern World

Author: Alison Weber

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-03-10

Total Pages: 390

ISBN-13: 1317151631

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Devout laywomen raise a number of provocative questions about gender and religion in the early modern world. How did some groups or individuals evade the Tridentine legislation that required third order women to take solemn vows and observe active and passive enclosure? How did their attempts to exercise a female apostolate (albeit with varying degrees of success and assertiveness) destabilize hierarchies of class and gender? To the extent that their beliefs and practices diverged from approved doctrine and rituals, what insights can they provide into the tensions between official religion and lay religiosity? Addressing these and many other questions, Devout Laywomen in the Early Modern World reflects new directions in gender history, offering a more nuanced approach to the paradigm of woman as the prototypical "disciplined" subject of church-state power.

Village Infernos and Witches’ Advocates

Author: Lu Ann Homza

Publisher: Penn State Press

Published: 2022-04-25

Total Pages: 313

ISBN-13: 0271092084

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This book revises what we thought we knew about one of the most famous witch hunts in European history. Between 1608 and 1614, thousands of witchcraft accusations were leveled against men, women, and children in the northern Spanish kingdom of Navarre. The Inquisition intervened quickly but incompetently, and the denunciations continued to accelerate. As the phenomenon spread, children began to play a crucial role. Not only were they reportedly victims of the witches’ harmful magic, but hundreds of them also insisted that witches were taking them to the Devil’s gatherings against their will. Presenting important archival discoveries, Lu Ann Homza restores the perspectives of illiterate, Basque-speaking individuals to the history of this shocking event and demonstrates what could happen when the Spanish Inquisition tried to take charge of a liminal space. Because the Spanish Inquisition was the body putting those accused of witchcraft on trial, modern scholars have depended upon Inquisition sources for their research. Homza’s groundbreaking book combines new readings of the Inquisitional evidence with fresh archival finds from non-Inquisitional sources, including local secular and religious courts, and from notarial and census records. Expanding our understanding of this witch hunt as well as the history of children, community norms, and legal expertise in early modern Europe, Village Infernos and Witches’ Advocates is required reading for students and scholars of the Spanish Inquisition and the history of witchcraft in early modern Europe.

An Overview of the Pre-suppression Society of Jesus in Spain

Author: Patricia W. Manning

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2020-11-30

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 9004434313

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In An Overview of the Pre-suppression Society of Jesus in Spain, Patricia W. Manning offers a survey of the Society of Jesus in Spain from its origins in Ignatius of Loyola’s early preaching to the aftereffects of its expulsion. Rather than nurture the nascent order, Loyola’s homeland was often ambivalent. His pre-Jesuit freelance sermonizing prompted investigations. The young Society confronted indifference and interference from the Spanish monarchy and outright opposition from other religious orders. This essay outlines the order’s ministerial and pedagogical activities, its relationship with women and with royal institutions, including the Spanish Inquisition, and Spanish members’ roles in theological debates concerning casuistry, free will, and the immaculate conception. It also considers the impact of Jesuits’ non-religious writings.

Women: Icons of Christ

Author: Zagano, Phyllis

Publisher: Paulist Press

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 1587688980

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Women: Icons of Christ traces the history of ministry by women, especially those ordained as deacons. The author demonstrates how women were removed from leadership, prevented from using their voices, and eliminated from official ministries in the life of the Church. And she refutes arguments against restoring women to the ordained diaconate.

The Basques

Author: Julio Caro Baroja

Publisher: Center for Basque Studies Press

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781877802928

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The first English edition of the author's 1949 classic on the Basque people, customs, and culture. Translation of the 1971 edition

Wandering Games

Author: Melissa Kagen

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2022-10-11

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 0262370972

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An analysis of wandering within different game worlds, viewed through the lenses of work, colonialism, gender, and death. Wandering in games can be a theme, a formal mode, an aesthetic metaphor, or a player action. It can mean walking, escaping, traversing, meandering, or returning. In this book, game studies scholar Melissa Kagen introduces the concept of “wandering games,” exploring the uses of wandering in a variety of game worlds. She shows how the much-derided Walking Simulator—a term that began as an insult, a denigration of games that are less violent, less task-oriented, or less difficult to complete—semi-accidentally tapped into something brilliant: the vast heritage and intellectual history of the concept of walking in fiction, philosophy, pilgrimage, performance, and protest. Kagen examines wandering in a series of games that vary widely in terms of genre, mechanics, themes, player base, studio size, and funding, giving close readings to Return of the Obra Dinn, Eastshade, Ritual of the Moon, 80 Days, Heaven’s Vault, Death Stranding, and The Last of Us Part II. Exploring the connotations of wandering within these different game worlds, she considers how ideologies of work, gender, colonialism, and death inflect the ways we wander through digital spaces. Overlapping and intersecting, each provides a multifaceted lens through which to understand what wandering does, lacks, implies, and offers. Kagen’s account will attune game designers, players, and scholars to the myriad possibilities of the wandering ludic body.

Invoking the Akelarre

Author: Emma Wilby

Publisher: Liverpool University Press

Published: 2019-08-02

Total Pages: 467

ISBN-13: 1782846247

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With their dramatic descriptions of black masses and cannibalistic feasts, the records generated by the Basque witch-craze of 160914 provide us with arguably the most demonologically-stereotypical accounts of the witches sabbath or akelarre to have emerged from early modern Europe. While the trials have attracted scholarly attention, the most substantial monograph on the subject was written nearly forty years ago and most works have focused on the ways in which interrogators shaped the pattern of prosecutions and the testimonies of defendants. Invoking the Akelarre diverts from this norm by employing more recent historiographical paradigms to analyze the contributions of the accused. Through interdisciplinary analyses of both French- and Spanish-Basque records, it argues that suspects were not passive recipients of elite demonological stereotypes but animated these received templates with their own belief and experience, from the dark exoticism of magical conjuration, liturgical cursing and theatrical misrule to the sharp pragmatism of domestic medical practice and everyday religious observance. In highlighting the range of raw materials available to the suspects, the book helps us to understand how the fiction of the witches sabbath emerged to such prominence in contemporary mentalities, whilst also restoring some agency to the defendants and nuancing the historical thesis that stereotypical content points to interrogatorial opinion and folkloric content to the voices of the accused. In its local context, this study provides an intimate portrait of peasant communities as they flourished in the Basque region in this period and leaves us with the irony that Europes most sensationally-demonological accounts of the witches sabbath may have evolved out of a particularly ardent commitment, on the part of ordinary Basques, to the social and devotional structures of popular Catholicism.