The Agricultural Scientific Enterprise

The Agricultural Scientific Enterprise PDF

Author: Lawrence M Busch

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-07-11

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 1000314529

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The State Agricultural Experiment Stations have played a fundamental role in the development of science and agriculture in the United States. From their inception in 1887, the experiment stations have attempted to wed basic research with practical application and have helped institutionalize a utilitarian approach to agricultural science. Agricultural research and the new technology it helped to generate were major factors in the transformation of U.S. agriculture into a high technology, mechanized, science-based industry. Moreover, the experiment stations, as the first large-scale, publicly supported scientific research institutions in the United States, have also long been models for scientific institutions both here and abroad. Compiled for the 1987 centennial of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations, this volume critically examines past performance, current issues, and future directions for public agricultural research in the United States. Each of the authors, drawn from disciplines as diverse as philosophy and agronomy, focuses on a central concern for the scientific enterprise. Issues include priority setting, maintaining and promoting disciplinary and interdisciplinary effectiveness, supporting higher education for agriculture, and efficacious dissemination of research findings. By setting these issues in their historical and philosophical context, the volume suggests new approaches for meeting the continuing challenge to achieve equity, efficiency, sustainability, flexibility, conservation, and consistency with other objectives of U.S. society.

The Agricultural Scientific Enterprise

The Agricultural Scientific Enterprise PDF

Author: Lawrence M Busch

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-06-02

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 9780367305482

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The State Agricultural Experiment Stations have played a fundamental role in the development of science and agriculture in the United States. From their inception in 1887, the experiment stations have attempted to wed basic research with practical application and have helped institutionalize a utilitarian approach to agricultural science. Agricultural research and the new technology it helped to generate were major factors in the transformation of U.S. agriculture into a high technology, mechanized, science-based industry. Moreover, the experiment stations, as the first large-scale, publicly supported scientific research institutions in the United States, have also long been models for scientific institutions both here and abroad. Compiled for the 1987 centennial of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations, this volume critically examines past performance, current issues, and future directions for public agricultural research in the United States. Each of the authors, drawn from disciplines as diverse as philosophy and agronomy, focuses on a central concern for the scientific enterprise. Issues include priority setting, maintaining and promoting disciplinary and interdisciplinary effectiveness, supporting higher education for agriculture, and efficacious dissemination of research findings. By setting these issues in their historical and philosophical context, the volume suggests new approaches for meeting the continuing challenge to achieve equity, efficiency, sustainability, flexibility, conservation, and consistency with other objectives of U.S. society.

Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021)

Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021) PDF

Author: Aleksei Muratov

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-15

Total Pages: 701

ISBN-13: 303091402X

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This book contains new ideas on farming processes, describes new analytical methods that are applicable to a broad range of agricultural systems, and presents new technologies and solutions, which help agricultural systems to function in the modern conditions of digitalization and a changing climate. The results of scientific research presented within the framework of the conference “Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021)”, which took place in Ussuriysk, Russia are covering the following topics: precision livestock farming, farm management platforms, yield monitoring and estimation, IoTs in farming, water management, smart agriculture machines. These new ideas outlined in the book are future-oriented and are expected to stimulate community debate on determining future directions for advancing agricultural research worldwide. The book is focused on the study of interactions between the components of agricultural systems, between their hierarchical levels, between different types of land use systems, and between agricultural systems and the economic environment. The methods and tools for agricultural systems design, estimation and monitoring are proposed in this book. Studies presented here allow improving the environmental and economic performance of agricultural systems. This book is of particular importance for professionals, scholars, and researchers in the field of agriculture and livestock farming, as well as for the heads and top managers of agricultural enterprises, since materials described in the book will help them in making right decisions.

Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030

Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 PDF

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-03-21

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 0309473950

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For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030).

U.S. Agricultural Preparedness and the Agriculture Research Enterprise

U.S. Agricultural Preparedness and the Agriculture Research Enterprise PDF

Author: Warren C. Young

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781626184374

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The United States is the undisputed world leader in agricultural production today, but as we look out across the 21st century, agriculture faces a series of challenges: managing new pests, pathogens, and invasive plants; increasing the efficiency of water use; reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture; growing food in a changing climate; managing the production of bioenergy; producing safe and nutritious food; and assisting with global food security and maintaining abundant yields. Meeting these challenges requires a new commitment to research, innovation, and technology development in agriculture. This book examines the challenges of agricultural preparedness and the required public commitment to agricultural research, fostering a culture of innovation and excellence to address some of the greatest threats to U.S. long-term prosperity and security.

Agricultural Preparedness and the Agriculture Research Enterprise

Agricultural Preparedness and the Agriculture Research Enterprise PDF

Author: President's Council of Advisors on Scien

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2014-08-23

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13: 9781500922368

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As we look across the 21st century, we see that agriculture faces a series of new challenges that will require a renewed commitment to innovation and advanced technology development. Private industry will play an important role in the research required to meet these challenges, just as it does today in areas directly related to product development. But much of the necessary research is unlikely to result in new products in a time horizon short enough to incent the private sector to shoulder the entire research burden. Moreover, many of these challenges are clearly in the public domain, as they focus on critical public goods, such as long-term water security; integrated pest-management strategies; or the development of new varieties of livestock, cereal, vegetable, and cover crops that commercial enterprises may not have an interest in. In many cases, important benefits of agricultural research cannot be monetized, making them an unlikely focus for the private sector. These challenges require a public commitment to re-imagining agricultural research in this country. The United States requires an agriculture system that (1) meets its population's needs in long-term balance with its natural resource base and (2) fosters a culture of innovation and excellence to address some of the greatest threats to its long-term prosperity and domestic and international security. In this report we explore these emerging challenges to agriculture and examine the roles that public and private investments in agricultural research can contribute to the sustainability of agriculture over the next century. We also examine the structure of the existing Federally supported agricultural research enterprise and discuss possible ways to reshape public investment in agricultural research to best face the challenges ahead.

Leadership in Agriculture

Leadership in Agriculture PDF

Author: John Patrick Jordan

Publisher: Texas A&M University Press

Published: 2013-02-17

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 1603449612

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In a world facing chronic and increasing shortages in food crops and natural resources, visionary leadership in agriculture becomes more and more critical for building and maintaining a sustainable future. It is of paramount importance that the dynamic and challenging evolution in agriculture over the last century and a half be met today with imaginative leadership in virtually all aspects of activities and organizations involved. Leadership in Agriculture: Case Studies for a New Generation focuses on key characteristics and elements of leadership. Using case studies from research, industry, education, administration, and extension services, the authors present real-world circumstances ranging from natural disasters to major restructuring that demanded problem solving, new initiatives, consensus, and organizational commitment. Drawing on their own experiences and covering topics as diverse as closing facilities, mounting a national research initiative, reinventing a major corporation, and dealing with invasive termites, the studies contain examples of both good and bad outcomes and tie back to the stated leadership principles and qualities. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Preface vii Acknowledgments xiii Leadership in the Agricultural Environment 1 Character: The Bedrock of Leaders and Leadership 13 Case Studies—How Leadership Can Make a Difference 37 1. Facing Down Nature: How a Regional Lab Survived Hurricane Katrina (Addressing Physical Crises) 38 2. Exerting Ag Leadership in Distributed Geographic Locations (Coordinating Dispersed Units within One Organization) 49 3. Closing and Relocating Facilities and Terminating Programs (Leadership Challenges with Organizational Restructuring) 59 4. National Research Initiative: Creating a Shared Leadership Vision (Bringing about a New Solution) 73 5. Battling Formosan Subterranean Termites (Forging a New Approach) 81 6. Gathering of the Agricultural Clan (Bringing Leaders Together without Central Authority) 90 7. Monsanto: How One Company Saw the Future and Transformed to Seize It (Leadership’s Role in a Significant Change) 96 8. Enhancing Leadership in the State Agricultural Experiment Stations (Cultivating New Leadership) 123 9. Development of the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) (Enhancing a Better Understanding of Agricultural Science and Technology) 133 Lessons Learned from Case Studies 145 Making Leadership Work for You 152 Appendixes: How Does the Scientific Agricultural System Work? 161 Appendix A. The Land-Grant System: A Key to America’s Dream? How Does It Function? 161 Appendix B. The USDA’s Agricultural Research Service: Focus on National and International Issues 165 Appendix C. The Industrial Approach to Research: Diverse Foci Linked to Industrial Economic Effects 167 Notes 171 Bibliography 173 About the Authors 177 Index 179

Science of Agronomy

Science of Agronomy PDF

Author: U.S. Walia

Publisher: Scientific Publishers

Published: 2011-06-01

Total Pages: 617

ISBN-13: 9386347784

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Agriculture is the largest enterprise in India which has been and will continue to be the lifeline of the Indian economy in the foreseeable future. However due to urbanization, agricultural land is shrinking and human population is increasing year by year. So, there is a need for vertical increase in agricultural produce to feed the increasing population. Due to changing climatic conditions, there is a need for reorientation of presently practiced agricultural technologies. At the same time there is a need to save/conserve the natural resources. Crop yields can be improved with the adoption of improved production and protection technologies for raising field crops. In order to increase profit in agriculture, the farm inputs like fertilizers, irrigation water, pesticides etc. must be used judiciously and more stress should be laid on conservation agriculture. The book covers basic but very comprehensive information on history of agriculture and role of Agronomy, tillage practices, nutrient elements for plant growth, weeds and their management, irrigation management, crop physiology, crop ecology, integrated farming system and organic farming. A detailed information on history and origin, improved varieties, agronomic practices and plant protection techniques for important field crops viz. cereals, oilseeds, pulses, sugar crops and fibre crops has been given. Also information on cultivation practices for important medicinal, aromatic, spice crops as well as plantation crops along with their uses/medicinal values has been provided. This book will be very helpful for B.Sc. Agriculture students throughout the country as it covers nearby the entire syllabus for Agronomy courses framed by ICAR as suggested by 4 th Dean’s Committee.

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