Ternary Digital System

Ternary Digital System PDF

Author: A P Dhande

Publisher: SM Online Publishers LLC

Published: 2014-10-01

Total Pages: 131

ISBN-13:

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Ternary digital system is commonly known as three valued digital system.Three valued logic is an elementary set of Multiple Valued Logic, which is introduced in the book at the beginning. The book provides a detail overview of every concept required for the design and applications of ternary circuits. It covers the basic concepts for ternary logic fundamentals,ternary logic gates, its logic gate truth tables, Boolean rules for ternary logic up to ternary logic families, function synthesis and minimization techniques and an applications like one trit T-ALU, Two trit T-ALU Slice, Ternary R-S and D memory elements and an analog to ternary converter for DSP application as a fundamental block are developed and simulated using EDA tool. Finally computer simulation using EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools like Tanner, spice and VHDL is also illustrated. In the first half of 19 th century G.Boolean have proposed the Algebra for two valued (Binary logic) system after that Shanon has expressed the behavior of electrical switches in terms of Boolean algebra and he paved the ramp to an industrial development that is recognized as initiating one of the most revolutionary economic changes ever. MVL is also known as Multi-Valued, Multiple-Valued or Many-Valued logic. Multi-Value logic is regarded as a switch with more than two states. Such as a 3- value switch with states ‘0’, ‘1’ and ‘2’. Or a 4-value switch with states ‘0’, ‘1’, ‘2’ and ‘3’. In case of 3-Valued logic the term ternary logic is used & term quaternary logic for 4-Valued logic. Alexander (1964) showed that the most efficient radix for implementation of switching systems is the natural base (e ≈2.71828), it seems likely that the best integral radix is 3 rather than 2.It should be noted that this book emphasis on Ternary logic with concepts and applications. The fundamental work on Multiple Valued Logic (MVL) System was done by E.L.Post in the beginning of 19 th centuries and based on that work P.C.Rosen Bloom modeled the Algebra for MVL is called Post Algebra.

Ternary Digital Systems

Ternary Digital Systems PDF

Author: Sung Chiao Hu

Publisher:

Published: 1967

Total Pages: 126

ISBN-13:

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In view of recent developments in large-scale, complex digital systems, it is of interest to broaden the study of two-leveled logical systems to the study of three-leveled systems. This paper introduces the ternary logic system and develops a design approach for ternary digital systems that is based on familiar binary techniques. Ternary number systems are introduced and two base-conversion algorithms are given: one for integral numbers and the other for fractional numbers. Ternary arithmetic is similar to binary arithmetic or to decimal arithmetic. Four algebraic operations, Cycling, Negation, And, and Or, are then defined and the algebra is systematically developed through postulates and theorems. The algebraic method of minimization is difficult for a large number of variables or terms, and the map method is impracticable for more than three variables. Hence a programmable minimization method is developed by analogy with the Quine-McCluskey method for binary minimization. Diode-transistor schemes of circuit realization are presented. In these, the idea is to use p-n-p and n-p-n transistor pairs to provide the three different voltage levels desired. Tristable devices using three Cycling-gates are also described. A core storage element employs two differently oriented cores and provides one ternary digit of storage. Additional algebraic operations that are used in the current literature are given in the Appendix.

Major Applications of Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (CNTFET)

Major Applications of Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (CNTFET) PDF

Author: Raj, Balwinder

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2019-12-06

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 1799813959

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With recent advancements in electronics, specifically nanoscale devices, new technologies are being implemented to improve the properties of automated systems. However, conventional materials are failing due to limited mobility, high leakage currents, and power dissipation. To mitigate these challenges, alternative resources are required to advance electronics further into the nanoscale domain. Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors are a potential solution yet lack the information and research to be properly utilized. Major Applications of Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (CNTFET) is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of converting semiconductor devices from micron technology to nanotechnology. The book provides readers with an updated status on existing CNTs, CNTFETs, and their applications and examines practical applications to minimize short channel effects and power dissipation in nanoscale devices and circuits. While highlighting topics including interconnects, digital circuits, and single-wall CNTs, this book is ideally designed for electrical engineers, electronics engineers, students, researchers, academicians, industry professionals, and practitioners working in nanoscience, nanotechnology, applied physics, and electrical and electronics engineering.

The Mathematics of Harmony

The Mathematics of Harmony PDF

Author: Alexey Stakhov

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 745

ISBN-13: 9812775838

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Assisted by Scott Olsen ( Central Florida Community College, USA ). This volume is a result of the author's four decades of research in the field of Fibonacci numbers and the Golden Section and their applications. It provides a broad introduction to the fascinating and beautiful subject of the OC Mathematics of Harmony, OCO a new interdisciplinary direction of modern science. This direction has its origins in OC The ElementsOCO of Euclid and has many unexpected applications in contemporary mathematics (a new approach to a history of mathematics, the generalized Fibonacci numbers and the generalized golden proportions, the OC goldenOCO algebraic equations, the generalized Binet formulas, Fibonacci and OC goldenOCO matrices), theoretical physics (new hyperbolic models of Nature) and computer science (algorithmic measurement theory, number systems with irrational radices, Fibonacci computers, ternary mirror-symmetrical arithmetic, a new theory of coding and cryptography based on the Fibonacci and OC goldenOCO matrices). The book is intended for a wide audience including mathematics teachers of high schools, students of colleges and universities and scientists in the field of mathematics, theoretical physics and computer science. The book may be used as an advanced textbook by graduate students and even ambitious undergraduates in mathematics and computer science. Sample Chapter(s). Introduction (503k). Chapter 1: The Golden Section (2,459k). Contents: Classical Golden Mean, Fibonacci Numbers, and Platonic Solids: The Golden Section; Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers; Regular Polyhedrons; Mathematics of Harmony: Generalizations of Fibonacci Numbers and the Golden Mean; Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions; Fibonacci and Golden Matrices; Application in Computer Science: Algorithmic Measurement Theory; Fibonacci Computers; Codes of the Golden Proportion; Ternary Mirror-Symmetrical Arithmetic; A New Coding Theory Based on a Matrix Approach. Readership: Researchers, teachers and students in mathematics (especially those interested in the Golden Section and Fibonacci numbers), theoretical physics and computer science."

Perspectives on Soviet and Russian Computing

Perspectives on Soviet and Russian Computing PDF

Author: John Impagliazzo

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2011-09-06

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 364222816X

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This book contains a collection of thoroughly refereed papers derived from the First IFIP WG 9.7 Conference on Soviet and Russian Computing, held in Petrozavodsk, Russia, in July 2006. The 32 revised papers were carefully selected from numerous submissions; many of them were translated from Russian. They reflect much of the shining history of computing activities within the former Soviet Union from its origins in the 1950s with the first computers used for military decision-making problems up to the modern period where Russian ICT grew substantially, especially in the field of custom-made programming.

Formal Verification of Digital Circuits Using Symbolic Ternary System Models

Formal Verification of Digital Circuits Using Symbolic Ternary System Models PDF

Author: R. E. Bryant

Publisher:

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13:

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Abstract: "Formal hardware verification based on ternary digital system modeling uses a third value X to indicate an unknown or indeterminate condition. In our methodology, the desired behavior of the circuit is expressed as assertions in a notation using a combination of Boolean expressions and temporal logic operators. An assertion is verified by translating it into a sequence of patterns and checks for a ternary symbolic simulator. This methodology has been used to verify a number of full scale circuit designs."

Numeral Systems with Irrational Bases for Mission-Critical Applications

Numeral Systems with Irrational Bases for Mission-Critical Applications PDF

Author: Stakhov Alexey

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2017-10-17

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 9813228636

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This volume is the result of the author's many-years of research in this field. These results were presented in the author's two books, Introduction to the Algorithmic Measurement Theory (Moscow, Soviet Radio, 1977), and Codes of the Golden Proportion (Moscow, Radio and Communications, 1984), which had not been translated into English and are therefore not known to English-speaking audience. This volume sets forth new informational and arithmetical fundamentals of computer and measurement systems based on Fibonacci p-codes and codes of the golden p-proportions, and also on Bergman's system and 'golden' ternary mirror-symmetrical arithmetic. The book presents some new historical hypotheses concerning the origin of the Egyptian calendar and the Babylonian numeral system with base 60 (dodecahedral hypothesis), as well as about the origin of the Mayan's calendar and their numeral system with base 20 (icosahedral hypothesis). The book is intended for the college and university level. The book will also be of interest to all researchers, who use the golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers in their subject areas, and to all readers who are interested to the history of mathematics.

ICT with Intelligent Applications

ICT with Intelligent Applications PDF

Author: Tomonobu Senjyu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-12-05

Total Pages: 802

ISBN-13: 9811641773

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This book gathers papers addressing state-of-the-art research in all areas of information and communication technologies and their applications in intelligent computing, cloud storage, data mining and software analysis. It presents the outcomes of the Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems (ICTIS 2021), held in Ahmedabad, India. The book is divided into two volumes. It discusses the fundamentals of various data analysis techniques and algorithms, making it a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners alike.