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Views on Phrase Structure

Author: K. Leffel

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1991-10-31

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9780792312956

O. PRELIMINARY REMARKS Initial drafts of the papers in this collection were presented in a con ference entitled 'Views on Phrase Structure', held at the University of Florida, Gainesville, in March, 1989. Eleven of the twenty-three partici pants in the conference were able to contribute to this volume. The purpose of the conference was to explore theories of phrase structure in their relation to other subsystems of grammar and/or systems of nonlinguistic knowledge. Some of the grammatical subsystems which the authors consider are theta-theory, movement, Case, and binding; a number of papers address how the conceptual system and/or aspects of language use may interact. Unifying the various approaches and perspectives is an attempt to furnish hypotheses concerning prin ciples of phrase structure with some sort of independent justification. 1. PHRASE STRUCTURE THEORY: A BRIEF HISTORY A basic outline for a theory of phrase structure theory is accepted by all of the authors here; it is known as 'X-bar theory'. The concepts of X-bar theory are expressed in some form by a number of pre-generative linguists. For example, Bloomfield (1933) contrasted endocentric struc tures such as noun phrases and verb phrases with those he considered exocentric, e. g. prepositional phrases and clauses. Jespersen (1933), while presenting a functional system of description (in terms of 'ranks', where rank one is 'nominal', for example), clarified the relations among the head of a phrase, its modifier, and a phrase which modifies the modifier.

The Syntax of Verbal Affixation

Author: Frank Drijkoningen

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2011-04-20

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 3111594734

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Over the past few decades, the book series Linguistische Arbeiten [Linguistic Studies], comprising over 500 volumes, has made a significant contribution to the development of linguistic theory both in Germany and internationally. The series will continue to deliver new impulses for research and maintain the central insight of linguistics that progress can only be made in acquiring new knowledge about human languages both synchronically and diachronically by closely combining empirical and theoretical analyses. To this end, we invite submission of high-quality linguistic studies from all the central areas of general linguistics and the linguistics of individual languages which address topical questions, discuss new data and advance the development of linguistic theory.

The Syntax of Words

Author: Elisabeth O. Selkirk

Publisher: Mit Press

Published: 1982

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 9780262690799

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This monograph examines complex words -- compounds and those involving derivational and inflectional affixation -- from a syntactic standpoint that encompasses both the structure of words and the system of rules for generating that structure.The author contends that the syntax of words and the more familiar syntax involving relations among words must be defined by two discrete sets of principles in the grammar, but nevertheless that word structure has the same general formal properties as the larger syntactic structure and is generated by the same sort of rule system.This investigation of word structure and rule systems is based for the most part on the word syntax of English and related languages. One of its major conclusions is that English word structure can be "properly characterized solely in terms of a context-free grammar." Selkirk points out that the Semitic languages, for example, must be characterized in terms of a more elaborate schema.The first chapter presents a general theory of word structure, and discusses a context-free grammar for words, X theory in word structure, and word structure rules. The second chapter is concerned with compounding, and probes the structure and "headedness" of compounds, verbal compounds, and the category type of English compounds. The third and final chapter, on affixation, investigates the nature of affixes, inflectional affixation, and English derivational morphology.This book is the seventh in the Linguistic Inquiry Monograph series.

Clitic and Affix Combinations

Author: Lorie Heggie

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2005-01-01

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9789027227980

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In this volume, the relationship between clitics and affixes and their combinatorial properties has led to a serious discussion of the interface between syntax, morphology, semantics, and phonology that draws on a variety of theoretical perspectives (e.g., HPSG , Optimality Theory, Minimalism). Clitic/affix phenomena provide a rich range of data, not only for the identification of an affix vs. clitic, but also for the best way to explain ordering constraints, some of which are contradictory. A range of languages are considered, including Romance and Slavic languages, as well as Turkish, Greek, Icelandic, Korean, and Passamaquoddy. Moreover, several articles consider dialectal microparameterization, notably in Spanish, French, and Occitan. This volume thus reflects current debate on issues such as clitic ordering constraints, the relationship of clitics to inalienable possession and the left periphery, and templatic approaches to affixes vs. clitics while examining a broad range of languages.

The Syntax of Words

Author: Elisabeth O. Selkirk

Publisher: MIT Press (MA)

Published: 1982-01-01

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 9780262192101

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This monograph examines complex words-compounds and those involving derivational and inflectional affixation - from a syntactic standpoint that encompasses both the structure of words and the system of rules for generating that structure. The author contends that the syntax of words and the more familiar syntax involving relations among words must be defined by two discrete sets of principles in the grammar, but nevertheless that word structure has the same general formal properties as the larger syntactic structure and is generated by the same sort of rule system. This investigation of word structure and rule systems is based for the most part on the word syntax of English and related languages. One of its major conclusions is that English word structure can be "properly characterized solely in terms of a context-free grammar." Selkirk points out that the Semitic languages, for example, must be characterized in terms of a more elaborate schema. The first chapter presents a general theory of word structure, and discusses a context-free grammar for words, X theory in word structure, and word structure rules. Chapter Two is concerned with compounding, and probes the structure and "headedness" of compounds, verbal compounds, and the category type of English compounds. The final chapter, on affixation, investigates the nature of affixes, inflectional affixation, and English derivational morphology. Elisabeth O. Selkirk has been associated with the Center for Cognitive Science at MIT, and has recently been appointed Associate Professor of Linguistics at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Her book is the seventh in the Linguistic Inquiry Monograph series.

An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory

Author: Dominique Sportiche

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-09-30

Total Pages: 472

ISBN-13: 1118470478

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An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory offersbeginning students a comprehensive overview of and introduction toour current understanding of the rules and principles that governthe syntax of natural languages. Includes numerous pedagogical features such as‘practice’ boxes and sidebars, designed to facilitateunderstanding of both the ‘hows’ and the‘whys’ of sentence structure Guides readers through syntactic and morphological structuresin a progressive manner Takes the mystery out of one of the most crucial aspects of theworkings of language – the principles and processes behindthe structure of sentences Ideal for students with minimal knowledge of current syntacticresearch, it progresses in theoretical difficulty from basic ideasand theories to more complex and advanced, up to date concepts insyntactic theory

The Linearization of Affixes: Evidence from Nuu-chah-nulth

Author: Rachel Wojdak

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-12-08

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 1402065485

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This book examines the problem of linearization from a new perspective: that of the linearization of affixes. The author’s driving proposition is that affixation provides a means of satisfying the universal requirement to linearize linguistic outputs. This proposition is tested using original data from Nuu-chah-nulth ("Nootka"; Wakashan family), an endangered Amerindian language that is remarkable for its complex morphology.

Affix Ordering Across Languages and Frameworks

Author: Stela Manova

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 0190210435

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This volume advances our understanding of how word structure in terms of affix ordering is organized in the languages of the world. Affix ordering is a central issue in linguistic theory and there has been much research on the topic. The present volume contributes novel data from typologically diverse well-studied and lesser-studied languages as well as original analyses, and covers the major approaches in the field. Unlike previous research, most of the contributions in this collection consider more than one language.

Word-Formation in English

Author: Ingo Plag

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2003-10-30

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 9780521525633

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This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of word-formation, that is, the ways in which new words are built on the bases of other words (e.g. happy - happy-ness), focusing on English. The book's didactic aim is to enable students with little or no prior linguistic knowledge to do their own practical analyses of complex words. Readers are familiarized with the necessary methodological tools to obtain and analyze relevant data and are shown how to relate their findings to theoretical problems and debates. The book is not written in the perspective of a particular theoretical framework and draws on insights from various research traditions, reflecting important methodological and theoretical developments in the field. It is a textbook directed towards university students of English at all levels. It can also serve as a source book for teachers and advanced students, and as an up-to-date reference concerning many word-formation processes in English.

A Reference Grammar of Chinese

Author: Chu-Ren Huang

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-03-31

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1316395251

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A Reference Grammar of Chinese is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the linguistic structure of Chinese, covering all of the important linguistic features of the language and incorporating insights gained from research in Chinese linguistics over the past thirty years. With contributions from twenty-two leading Chinese linguists, this authoritative guide uses large-scale corpora to provide authentic examples based on actual language use. The accompanying online example databases ensure that a wide range of exemplars are readily available and also allow for new usages to be updated. This design offers a new paradigm for a reference grammar where generalizations can be cross-checked with additional examples and also provide resources for both linguistic studies and language learning. Featuring bilingual term lists, this reference grammar helps readers to access relevant literature in both English and Chinese and is an invaluable reference for learners, teachers and researchers in Chinese linguistics and language processing.