Sugar Prices, Labor Income, and Poverty in Brazil

Sugar Prices, Labor Income, and Poverty in Brazil PDF

Author: Ekaterina Krivonos

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

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"This paper assesses the impact that a potential liberalization of sugar regimes in OECD countries could have on household labor income and poverty in Brazil. The authors first estimate the extent of price transmission from world markets to 11 Brazilian states to capture the fact that some local markets may be relatively more isolated from changes in world prices. They then simultaneously estimate the impact that changes in domestic sugar prices have on regional wages and employment depending on worker characteristics. Finally, they measure the impact on household income of a 10 percent increase in world sugar prices. Results suggest that workers in the sugar sector and in sugar-producing regions have better employment opportunities and experience larger wage increases. More interestingly, households at the top of the income distribution experience larger income gains due to higher wages, whereas households at the bottom of the distribution experience larger income gains due to movements out of unemployment. "--World Bank web site.

Sugar Prices, Labor Income, and Poverty in Brazil

Sugar Prices, Labor Income, and Poverty in Brazil PDF

Author: Ekaterina Krivonos

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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This paper assesses the impact that a potential liberalization of sugar regimes in OECD countries could have on household labor income and poverty in Brazil. The authors first estimate the extent of price transmission from world markets to 11 Brazilian states to capture the fact that some local markets may be relatively more isolated from changes in world prices. They then simultaneously estimate the impact that changes in domestic sugar prices have on regional wages and employment depending on worker characteristics. Finally, they measure the impact on household income of a 10 percent increase in world sugar prices. Results suggest that workers in the sugar sector and in sugar-producing regions have better employment opportunities and experience larger wage increases. More interestingly, households at the top of the income distribution experience larger income gains due to higher wages, whereas households at the bottom of the distribution experience larger income gains due to movements out of unemployment.

The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil

The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil PDF

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-03-05

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 1513571648

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We document the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian labor market focusing on employment, wages and hours worked using the nationally representative household surveys PNAD-Continua and PNAD COVID. Sectors most susceptible to the shock because they are more contact-intensive and less teleworkable, such as construction, domestic services and hospitality, suffered large job losses and reductions in hours. Given low income workers experienced the largest decline in earnings, extreme poverty and the Gini coefficient based on labor income increased by around 9.2 and 5 percentage points, respectively, due to the immediate shock. The government’s broad based, temporary Emergency Aid transfer program more than offset the labor income losses for the bottom four deciles, however, such that poverty relative to the pre-COVID baseline fell. At a cost of around 4 percent of GDP in 2020 such support is not fiscally sustainable beyond the short-term and ended in late 2020. The challenge will be to avoid a sharp increase in poverty and inequality if the labor market does not pick up sufficiently fast in 2021.

Food Prices and Rural Poverty

Food Prices and Rural Poverty PDF

Author: Centre for Economic Policy Research

Publisher: CEPR

Published: 2010-11-15

Total Pages: 350

ISBN-13: 1907142134

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The impact of price developments on world food markets on poor households in developing countries is an important policy question. Who gains and who loses from agricultural commodity price changes depends on the specific circumstances of households, and, at the level of nations, on the structure of production and trade. The contributions to this volume review trends in international prices and trade patterns of key food commodities, and assess the incidence of food price changes in a number of developing countries using household level data on sources of incomes and consumption patterns.

Economia: Spring 2009

Economia: Spring 2009 PDF

Author: Roberto Rigobón

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2011-03-01

Total Pages: 159

ISBN-13: 081570495X

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This semiannual journal from the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA) provides a forum for influential economists and policymakers from the region to share high-quality research directly applied to policy issues within and among those countries. Tentative contents include •What You Don't Know CAN Hurt You—or at Least Mislead You: Family Behaviors, Unobserved Heterogeneities, and the Determinants of and Impacts of Human Resources over the Life Cycle Jere R. Behrman (University of Pennsylvania) • Estimates of the Benefit Incidence of Workfare Lucas Ronconi (University of California–Berkeley)

São Paulo

São Paulo PDF

Author:

Publisher: UN-HABITAT

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 9211322146

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"Data prepared by the Sao Paulo-based Fundacao Sistema Estadual de Analise de Dados (SEADE) in collaboration with UN-HABITAT"--T.p. verso.

Trade, Globalization and Sustainability Impact Assessment

Trade, Globalization and Sustainability Impact Assessment PDF

Author: Paul Ekins

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2012-05-16

Total Pages: 367

ISBN-13: 1136551123

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Trade liberalization, as promoted by the World Trade Organization (WTO), has become one of the dominant drivers and most controversial aspects of globalization. Trade sustainability impact assessments (SIAs) were introduced as a means of generating better understanding especially of the social and environmental impacts of trade liberalisation, and of making those impacts more consistent with sustainable development. This book takes a hard look at the experience of Trade SIAs to date, and the extent to which they have achieved their objectives and improved the outcomes of trade negotiations. It proposes several ways in which Trade SIAs could be made more effective, and illustrates these in respect of controversial sectors in which trade liberalisation has been implemented or proposed, including commodities, services and investment. Finally the book makes proposals beyond SIA through which some of the conflicts between trade liberalization and sustainable development could be more effectively addressed. Written by top researchers and experts on trade SIAs, this book is vital for researchers, academics, post-graduate students and policy makers working on any aspect of impact assessment, international trade or globalisation more generally. In addition, the book will provide a particularly useful background for those considering how the environment and trade interrelate at both global and regional levels, with some particular insights on climate change and trade policies.

Fighting Forced Labour

Fighting Forced Labour PDF

Author: Patricía Trindade Maranhão Costa

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13:

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This book shows how Brazil is leading the way for the rest of Latin America in fighting forced labour.

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