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Stop & Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago

Author: Wesley G. Skogan

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-12-05

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0197675085

A comprehensive analysis of the stop & frisk policy, its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to violence, and its impact on crime and public opinion. Stop & frisk has drawn a great deal of attention--and heated criticism--in recent years, for racial bias in its application and for the often violent and sometimes fatal nature of these encounters. In Stop & Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago, Wesley G. Skogan offers a comprehensive analysis of the stop-and-frisk policy, its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to violence, and its impact on crime and public opinion. Drawing on a crime database of over 14 million incidents, interviews with 1,450 Chicagoans and 714 police officers, and the author's 30 years of studying, talking to, and riding along with Chicago police officers, Skogan looks at the inner workings of police departments and the history and politics of crime prevention that motivate these policies. Rather than looking at individual stops and how they are handled, he argues for considering stop & frisk as an organizational strategy, intimately tied to the move from reactive to preventive policing. Examining one of America's predominant crime control strategies, this book provides an essential analysis of the origins, implementation, and effects of stop & frisk in Chicago and on urban policing in general.

Stop and Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago

Author: Wesley G. Skogan

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0197675050

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"This book examines the role of stop & frisk as one of America's predominant crime control strategies. In the past, policing focused on responding to crimes in progress or (more often) already committed. Beginning in the mid-1990s, American policing moved toward proactive strategies for deterring crime from occurring in the first place. Crime in the United States was dropping, and police leaders claimed responsibility for this success. However, but during the 2010s violent crime began to swing upward again. Police now had responsibility for crime, and this led almost inevitably to more heavily targeted and aggressive police tactics. In theory, stop & frisk promotes deterrence in two ways, by increasing offender's risk of being caught and punished, and by discouraging the general public from even considering offending in the first place. In law, stop & frisk was validated by the Supreme Court as a reasonable compromise between the personal freedoms of Americans and the risks presented by an increasing armed and crime-ridden society. Officers could frisk an individual for a weapon even without the t traditional requirement that there was probable cause to think they had committed a crime. This book takes a third focus, stop & frisk in actual practice. It examines its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to the turnaround in violent crime. The story includes the political agendas of two mayors and four chiefs of police. Further chapters examined how stop & frisk played itself out on the streets of Chicago, and its impact on public opinion. There are chapters detailing the views of police officers who did the work of stop & frisk, and an analysis of its impact on murders and shootings. A final chapter considers alternatives to stop & frisk as it was practiced in Chicago"--

Stop and Frisk

Author: Michael D. White

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2019-07-01

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 1479857815

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Winner, 2019 Outstanding Book Award, given by the American Society of Criminology’s Division of Policing Section The first in-depth history and analysis of a much-abused policing policy No policing tactic has been more controversial than “stop and frisk,” whereby police officers stop, question and frisk ordinary citizens, who they may view as potential suspects, on the streets. As Michael White and Hank Fradella show in Stop and Frisk, the first authoritative history and analysis of this tactic, there is a disconnect between our everyday understanding and the historical and legal foundations for this policing strategy. First ruled constitutional in 1968, stop and frisk would go on to become a central tactic of modern day policing, particularly by the New York City Police Department. By 2011 the NYPD recorded 685,000 ‘stop-question-and-frisk’ interactions with citizens; yet, in 2013, a landmark decision ruled that the police had over- and mis-used this tactic. Stop and Frisk tells the story of how and why this happened, and offers ways that police departments can better serve their citizens. They also offer a convincing argument that stop and frisk did not contribute as greatly to the drop in New York’s crime rates as many proponents, like former NYPD Police Commissioner Ray Kelly and Mayor Michael Bloomberg, have argued. While much of the book focuses on the NYPD’s use of stop and frisk, examples are also shown from police departments around the country, including Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago, Newark and Detroit. White and Fradella argue that not only does stop and frisk have a legal place in 21st-century policing but also that it can be judiciously used to help deter crime in a way that respects the rights and needs of citizens. They also offer insight into the history of racial injustice that has all too often been a feature of American policing’s history and propose concrete strategies that every police department can follow to improve the way they police. A hard-hitting yet nuanced analysis, Stop and Frisk shows how the tactic can be a just act of policing and, in turn, shows how to police in the best interest of citizens.

Barbarians in Our Midst

Author: Virgil W. Peterson

Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing

Published: 2018-12-01

Total Pages: 696

ISBN-13: 1789124603

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In this important book, Virgil W. Peterson, Operating Director of the Chicago Crime Commission and for twelve years a special agent for the FBI, sums up the incredible history of crime in Chicago. He shows how the growth of crime has kept pace with the phenomenal growth of the city itself, and how politics and crime have meshed in an almost unbelievable web of corruption. Mr. Peterson, who at one time worked for more than a year exclusively on the Dillinger investigation, knows his criminals and does not hesitate to give names and facts. He was instrumental in providing much of the data which enabled the Kefauver Committee to investigate not only Chicago but also those cities whose crime is controlled by Chicago gangsters. But before lifting the lid on Chicago today, he traces the colorful—not to say lurid—picture of the past. Early in the city’s history, there was Mayor “Long John” Wentworth who, in a fit of rage, fired the entire police force. And the infamous “Bathhouse John” Coughlin who with “Hinky Dink” Kenna ran Chicago’s huge First Ward for more than fifty years, and who was once imported to New York to impress the Tammany forces. And Minna and Ada Everleigh who ran the famous Everleigh House in the red-light district. And, of course, there was the whole Capone crowd: Johnny Torrio who shot his boss, Big Jim Colosimo, to gain control of the rackets; Dion O’Bannion, the florist who made corpses and then provided the funeral decorations, and many, many others. Here, too, is the true story of the Kelly-Nash machine—one of the most efficiently corrupt political organizations Chicago has ever known. And the story of how the Chicago crime network now reaches high into the Federal government. Mr. Peterson also gives the complete story of the Kefauver crime investigation in Chicago. And finally the author presents his program for the elimination of corruption in Chicago and throughout the country.

Barbarians in Our Midst

Author: Virgil Wallace Peterson

Publisher:

Published: 1962

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13:

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Imperial Policing

Author: Andy Clarno

Publisher: U of Minnesota Press

Published: 2024-08-13

Total Pages: 299

ISBN-13: 1452971722

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Exposing the carceral webs and weaponized data that shape Chicago’s police wars Chicago is a city with extreme concentrations of racialized poverty and inequity, one that relies on an extensive network of repressive agencies to police the poor and suppress struggles for social justice. Imperial Policing examines the role of local law enforcement, federal immigration authorities, and national security agencies in upholding the city’s highly unequal social order. Collaboratively authored by the Policing in Chicago Research Group, Imperial Policing was developed in dialogue with movements on the front lines of struggles against racist policing in Black, Latinx, and Arab/Muslim communities. It analyzes the connections between three police “wars”—on crime, terror, and immigrants—focusing on the weaponization of data and the coordination between local and national agencies to suppress communities of color and undermine social movements. Topics include high-tech, data-based tools of policing; the racialized archetypes that ground the police wars; the manufacturing of criminals and terrorists; the subversion of sanctuary city protections; and abolitionist responses to policing, such as the Erase the Database campaign. Police networks and infrastructure are notoriously impenetrable to community members and scholars, making Imperial Policing a rare, vital example of scholars working directly with community organizations to map police networks and intervene in policing practices. Engaging in a methodology designed to provide support for transformative justice organizations, the Policing in Chicago Research Group offers a critical perspective on the abolition of imperial policing, both in Chicago and around the globe.

Gangland Chicago

Author: Richard C. Lindberg

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2015-10-15

Total Pages: 405

ISBN-13: 1442231963

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This engrossing tale of gangs and organized criminality begins in the frontier saloons situated in the marshy flats of Chicago, the future world class city of Mid-continent. Gangland Chicago recounts the era of parlor gambling, commercialized vice districts continuing through the bloody Prohibition bootlegging wars; failed reform movements; the rise of post-World War II juvenile criminal gangs and the saga of the Blackstone Rangers in a chaotic, racially divided city. , Gang violence and street crime is endemic in contemporary Chicago. There is much more to the saga of crime, politics, and armed violence than Al Capone and John Dillinger. Gangland Chicago explores the changing patterns of criminal behavior, politics, gangs, youth crime and the failures of reform in its historic totality. Richard Lindberg takes the reader on a journey through decades of a troubled past to delve deep into the evolution of street gangs and organized violence endemic in Chicago. Small ethnic gangs organized in ethnic slum districts of the city expanded into the well-known organized crime syndicates of Chicago’s history. Gangland Chicago is full of stories of unchecked violence, lawlessness, and mayhem. Unlike other standard true crime accounts focused exclusively on the Prohibition era, this historical look-back probes the obscure and forgotten dark corners of city crime history. Lindberg details how both “organized” and “dis-organized” street gangs have paralyzed city neighborhoods and transformed the crimes of the Windy City from street thuggery and common ruffians protected and nurtured by politicians into a protected class is gripping. Gangland Chicago is a revealing look at the Chicago underworld of yesterday and today. This comprehensive volume is sure to entertain and inform any reader interested in the evolution of organized crime and gangs in America’s most representative city of the American Heartland.

The End of Policing

Author: Alex S. Vitale

Publisher: Verso Books

Published: 2017-10-10

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 1784782904

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The massive uprising following the police killing of George Floyd in the summer of 2020--by some estimates the largest protests in US history--thrust the argument to defund the police to the forefront of international politics. It also made The End of Policing a bestseller and Alex Vitale, its author, a leading figure in the urgent public discussion over police and racial justice. As the writer Rachel Kushner put it in an article called "Things I Can't Live Without", this book explains that "unfortunately, no increased diversity on police forces, nor body cameras, nor better training, has made any seeming difference" in reducing police killings and abuse. "We need to restructure our society and put resources into communities themselves, an argument Alex Vitale makes very persuasively." The problem, Vitale demonstrates, is policing itself-the dramatic expansion of the police role over the last forty years. Drawing on first-hand research from across the globe, The End of Policing describes how the implementation of alternatives to policing, like drug legalization, regulation, and harm reduction instead of the policing of drugs, has led to reductions in crime, spending, and injustice. This edition includes a new introduction that takes stock of the renewed movement to challenge police impunity and shows how we move forward, evaluating protest, policy, and the political situation.