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Making the Majors

Author: Eric Leifer

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2009-06-01

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 9780674040069

In this in-depth look at major league sports, Eric Leifer traces the growth and development of major leagues in baseball, football, basketball, and hockey, and predicts fundamental changes as the majors pursue international expansion. He shows how every past expansion of sports publics has been accompanied by significant changes in the way sporting competition is organized. With each reorganization, the majors have created teams closer in ability, bringing repetition to competition across time, only to expand and energize the public's search for differences between teams and for events that disrupt the repetitive flow. The phenomenal success of league sports, Leifer writes, rests on their ability to manufacture inequalities for fans to latch on to without jeopardizing the equalities that draw fans in. Leifer supports his theory with historical detail and statistical analysis. He examines the special concerns of league organizers in pursuing competitive balance and presents a detailed analysis of how large-city domination has been undermined in the modern era of Major League Baseball. Using games from the four major league sports, he then shows how fans can themselves affect the course of competition. In NFL football, for example, fans account for nearly all of the persisting inequality in team performance. The possibility of sustaining inequality among equals emerges from the cross-pressures that fans and leagues place on competition. With substantial data in hand, Leifer asks the essential question facing the leagues today: how can they sustain a situation that depends entirely on simultaneous equality and contention, one in which fan involvement may evaporate as soon as one team dominates? His answer has significant implications for the future of major league sports, both nationally and internationally.

Sports Leagues and Teams

Author: Mark Pollak

Publisher: McFarland

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 728

ISBN-13:

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From the formation of baseball's National Association, presents information on 200 US leagues and over 3,200 teams, including those that have prospered and survived and those that have been long forgotten by all but the most dedicated fans. Within chapters of the sport--baseball, basketball, football, ice hockey, soccer, roller hockey, and other sports--provides a brief history of the leagues in chronological order of their founding, then lists individual teams with their city, nickname, home arena or playing field, championships won, and current status when appropriate. Indexed by everything. c. Book News Inc.

Sports Capitalism

Author: Frank P. Jozsa

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-11-28

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 1351148621

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The book focuses on how, when, where and why the US-based professional sports leagues extend their brands and penetrate markets in nations across the globe. The book examines the strategies, progress and expectations of each league despite the cultural, economic and political barriers that exist between and within countries and areas. It offers a model of the sports business and, where appropriate, the emergence, evolution and growth of prominent women's sports leagues are documented. This book is unique as there are no other academic publications that study and report the global ambitions of this special group of organizations in one volume. Readers such as college and university sports history, management, marketing and international business professors, students and researchers can use and apply the book, as either a teaching supplement, reference and/or literature source. It will also appeal to targeted groups beyond the academic community with strategic economic incentives to learn about sports capitalism, such as sports entrepreneurs and league officials.

Potential of popular US Professional Sports Leagues/Franchises Expanding to the European Sports Market

Author: Manuel Jakab

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2021-10-13

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 3346512517

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Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Health - Sport - Sport Economics, Sport Management, grade: 1,3, University of Bayreuth (Rechts- und Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät), language: English, abstract: This paper discusses the potential of popular US professional sports leagues expanding to the European and especially the German sports market with regard to the NBA, NFL, NHL and MLS. The unique characteristics of sports consumption and differences between US and European sports cultures and economics are taken into consideration. Furthermore, earlier expansions by these leagues are explored. Due to the lack of sufficient scientific literature, two web-surveys were carried out in the United States and in Germany in order to collect primary data. Additionally, an expert interview was conducted. Based on these data this paper presents recommendations on the following questions: Which league should expand to Europe? Which expansion strategies should be used? What are possible limitations and difficulties? Which areas need further research?

Relocating Teams and Expanding Leagues in Professional Sports

Author: Frank P. Jozsa

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 1999-08-30

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 0313371504

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In the business of professional league sports, market conditions are the key determinate of the financial success or failure of a team. In the last few years, major league sports has experienced both growth into new markets and relocations of existing teams. Owners and the leagues use demographics, economic data, and governmental support to decide on where and when to expand and relocate. This book examines the sports business from 1950 through 2000. Historical demographic, economic, and team-related data provide the context. The authors apply metropolitan area statistics such as population growth and income, game attendance, and estimated market values to examine the business decisions made by individual teams in professional baseball, football, and basketball. The book looks at specific teams in terms of their long-term viability as a franchise and ranks their performances in economic and business terms. It also examines the related issues of taxpayer subsidies for new venues and the economic impact of professional sports on cities and regions. The book is a fascinating and comprehensive look at the business of sports and its place in American society, business, and economics.

WNBA

Author: Jim Hoehn

Publisher: ABDO

Published: 2020-08-01

Total Pages: 115

ISBN-13: 1098210018

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This title tells the story of the Women's National Basketball Association, from its founding in the 1990s to its status today as a world-class showcase for basketball talent. Readers will learn about the league's stars, teams, and coaches, as well as player efforts to earn higher pay. Features include infographics, a glossary, references, websites, source notes, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Essential Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.

Big Sports, Big Business

Author: Frank P. Jozsa

Publisher: Praeger

Published: 2006-10-30

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 0275991342

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The Expos' move from Montreal to Washington, DC, and subsequent rebirth as the Nationals, was one of the sports success stories of 2005. As a result of the move, the team has enjoyed significant increases in home attendance and cash flow, broadcast revenues, and market valuation. This is but one example of the impact of sports league reorganization, a phenomenon as old as the leagues themselves. Frank Jozsa takes us on a tour, from the 1870s to the present, of the expansions and mergers, relocations and transfers that are constantly shifting the professional sports landscape. Incorporating concepts from economics, demographics, management, and marketing, he explains the successes and failures of such efforts in baseball, football, basketball, hockey, and soccer, including their effects on team competitiveness, market share, and prosperity—and their impact on the communities in which they operate. Arguing that professional sports teams are profit-maximizing businesses, Jozsa's analysis sheds light on the economics, culture, and politics of sports as big business, as decisions are made and implemented, and offers an insightful perspective on both the history and future of sports franchises. The Expos' move from Montreal to Washington, DC, and subsequent rebirth as the Nationals, was one of the sports success stories of 2005. As a result of the move, the team has enjoyed significant increases in home attendance and cash flow, revenues from local radio and television rights, and the estimated market value of the franchise—from $50 million to over $300 million in one year. This is but one example of the impact of sports league reorganization, a phenomenon as old as the leagues themselves. Frank Jozsa takes us on a tour, from the 1870s to the present, of the expansions and mergers, relocations and transfers that are constantly shifting the professional sports landscape. Incorporating concepts from economics, demographics, management, and marketing, he explains the successes and failures of such efforts in baseball, football, basketball, hockey, and soccer, including their effects on team competitiveness, market share, and prosperity—and their impact on the communities in which they operate. Arguing that professional sports teams are profit-maximizing businesses, Jozsa's sharp analysis sheds light on the economics, culture, and politics of sports as big business, as decisions are made and implemented. In addition to providing a unique perspective on the history and culture of sports management, he offers insightful commentary on the future prospects of sports franchises.

Managing Sports Teams

Author: Stefan Walzel

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-10-29

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 3030564959

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This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the most important and fundamental elements for the management of team sports organisations. It is intended to meet the needs of full-time and voluntary individuals in management positions in professional and semi-professional sports clubs, leagues and federations, and those who aspire to such positions. In addition to management-relevant aspects, its interdisciplinary approach also includes the basics of law and media, which are vital to the successful management of team sports organisations. Bringing together experts from the respective disciplines, the book’s content is presented in a clear and straightforward manner, facilitating its implementation in practice.

Scorecasting

Author: Tobias Moskowitz

Publisher: Crown

Published: 2012-01-17

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 0307591808

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In Scorecasting, University of Chicago behavioral economist Tobias Moskowitz teams up with veteran Sports Illustrated writer L. Jon Wertheim to overturn some of the most cherished truisms of sports, and reveal the hidden forces that shape how basketball, baseball, football, and hockey games are played, won and lost. Drawing from Moskowitz's original research, as well as studies from fellow economists such as bestselling author Richard Thaler, the authors look at: the influence home-field advantage has on the outcomes of games in all sports and why it exists; the surprising truth about the universally accepted axiom that defense wins championships; the subtle biases that umpires exhibit in calling balls and strikes in key situations; the unintended consequences of referees' tendencies in every sport to "swallow the whistle," and more. Among the insights that Scorecasting reveals: • Why Tiger Woods is prone to the same mistake in high-pressure putting situations that you and I are • Why professional teams routinely overvalue draft picks • The myth of momentum or the "hot hand" in sports, and why so many fans, coaches, and broadcasters fervently subscribe to it • Why NFL coaches rarely go for a first down on fourth-down situations--even when their reluctance to do so reduces their chances of winning. In an engaging narrative that takes us from the putting greens of Augusta to the grid iron of a small parochial high school in Arkansas, Scorecasting will forever change how you view the game, whatever your favorite sport might be.

Pay Dirt

Author: James P. Quirk

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2018-06-05

Total Pages: 583

ISBN-13: 0691187940

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Why would a Japanese millionaire want to buy the Seattle Mariners baseball team, when he has admitted that he has never played in or even seen a baseball game? Cash is the answer: major league baseball, like professional football, basketball, and hockey, is now big business with the potential to bring millions of dollars in profits to owners. Not very long ago, however, buying a sports franchise was a hazardous investment risked only by die-hard fans wealthy enough to lose parts of fortunes made in other businesses. What forces have changed team ownership from sports-fan folly to big-business savvy? Why has The Wall Street Journal become popular reading in pro sports locker rooms? And why are sports pages now dominated by economic clashes between owners and players, cities with franchises and cities without them, leagues and players' unions, and team lawyers and players' lawyers? In answering these questions, James Quirk and Rodney Fort have written the most complete book on the business and economics of professional sports, past and present. Pay Dirt offers a wealth of information and analysis on the reserve clause, salary determination, competitive balance in sports leagues, the market for franchises, tax sheltering, arenas and stadiums, and rival leagues. The authors present an abundance of historical material, much of it new, including team ownership histories and data on attendance, TV revenue, stadium and arena contracts, and revenues and costs. League histories, team statistics, stories about players and owners, and sports lore of all kinds embellish the work. Quirk and Fort are writing for anyone interested in sports in the 1990s: players, players' agents, general managers, sportswriters, and, most of all, sports fans.