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Market Transition, Industrialization, and Social Mobility Trends in Post-Revolution China

Author: Xiang Zhou

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13:

Stratification scholars have long speculated about the influence of political institutions and economic development on intergenerational social mobility. China provides a rare opportunity to evaluate these speculations, as it has experienced rapid industrial expansion as well as the demise of socialism since its economic reforms that began in 1978. Analyzing intergenerational data from six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012, we uncover two countervailing trends in social mobility in post-revolution China. On the one hand, we find evidence of a decline in social fluidity following China's transition from state socialism to a market economy, as the link between origin and destination in vertical social status has significantly strengthened. On the other hand, horizontal mobility between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors has increased sharply during the country's recent industrialization. To interpret these trends in a global context, we compare China's experience with those in 11 advanced industrial countries. We find that despite its recent decline, social fluidity in China is still higher than in most mature capitalist societies. Moreover, the rise of horizontal mobility between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors in China, when combined with cross-national experience, suggests a curvilinear relationship between industrialization and social mobility, as the barrier between the farming and nonfarming classes tends to be weakest among societies at the middle stages of industrialization.

Chinese Immigration and Australian Politics

Author: Jia Gao

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-07-14

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 9811559090

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This book analyses how an increasing number of new Chinese migrants have integrated into Australian society and added a new dimension to Australian domestic politics as a result of Australia’s merit-based immigration system and its shift towards Asia. These policies have helped Australia sustain its growth without a recession for decades, but have also slowly changed established patterns in the distribution of job opportunities, wealth, and political influence in the country. These transformations have recently triggered a strong Sinophobic campaign in Australia, the most disturbing aspect of which is the denial of the successful integration of Chinese migrants into Australian society. Based on evidence gathered through a longitudinal study of Chinese migrants in Australia, this book examines the misconceptions troubling Australia’s current China debate from six important but overlooked perspectives, ranging from migration policy changes, economic factors, grassroots responses, the role of major political parties, community activism, to knowledge issues.

Urban China Reframed

Author: Wing-Shing Tang

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-06-22

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 1000404412

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Given China’s rapid economic growth and massive urbanization, no one in the world can ignore what is happening in urban China. This book is a critical review of existing urban China research, which is found wanting due to the decontextualized use of theories and concepts developed in the West. Urban China Reframed: A Critical Appreciation consists of epistemological, theoretical and methodological contributions to remedy these limitations by focusing on a number of relevant topics. First, models are widely employed in any study, and China nowadays has invoked models like city system, zones and global city in socio-economic development. How to interpret them in terms of knowledge production in a strong party-state? Second, given the global prevalence of neoliberalism, it is an important debate whether neoliberalism is applicable to China. Third, what is urban ideology in China? How to contextualize it? Are debates about the differentiation between the city and urbanization relevant to China? Fourth, massive rural-urban migration in China has taken place within its mega rural-urban dual system, an institution that has persisted since the 1950s. How does it manifest nowadays? Fifth, has the town-country divide in China, like in the West, disappeared? If not, how can one interpret China’s town-country relations, within the politics and administration of the Chinese state? Sixth, how to decipher the territorial development in the Pearl River Delta, the "world’s factory," under the auspices of the state? The collection of essays in this volume contributes to the theoretical understanding of urban China. The chapters in this book were originally published in the Eurasian Geography and Economics.

Social and Political Development in Post-reform China

Author: K. Mok

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1999-10-11

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 0230286437

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This book is a sociological study of how economic reforms, started in the late 1970s, have affected people's life in China. The book is based upon the author's recent research projects conducted in mainland China. The unique feature of the book is not only based upon qualitative analysis but also quantitative data, the integration of which can enhance readers' understanding of current social and political developments in post-Mao China. In particular, the book aims to depict a context and sociological framework for the analysis of the dynamic and interactive processes between economic, social and political fronts.

Developmental Citizenship in China

Author: Chang Kyung-Sup

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-11-10

Total Pages: 151

ISBN-13: 1000476278

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This book offers the very first collaborative analysis of various conditions and aspects of developmental citizenship in China and its practical and ideological implications for Chinese post-socialism. Development in post-socialist China – much like development in China’s industrialized capitalist neighbors – is a collective political economic project which simultaneously involves political, social, as well as economic dimensions of public governance. In such a historical context, developmental citizenship is a generic category of citizenship in practice, not reducible to separate civil, political, or social rights. Improving people’s material livelihood through augmented jobs and incomes has become the raison d’etre of post-socialist dictatorial politics in China (and a host of other post-socialist nations). A careful and comprehensive observation of post-Mao China in citizenship perspective reveals the practical centrality of developmental citizenship in post-socialist social governance. If China is compared with its industrialized capitalist neighbors such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan as to their common sociopolitical order of national developmentalism, the pervasive scope and systemic varieties of developmental citizenship-in-practice are easily discovered. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Citizenship Studies.