Small-Area Income and Poverty Estimates

Small-Area Income and Poverty Estimates PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2000-09-25

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 0309071461

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Recent trends in federal policies for social and economic programs have increased the demand for timely, accurate estimates of income and poverty for states, counties, and even smaller areas. Every year more than $130 billion in federal funds is allocated to states and localities through formulas that use such estimates. These funds support a wide range of programs that include child care, community development, education, job training, nutrition, and public health. A new program of the U.S. Census Bureau is now providing more timely estimates for these programs than those from the decennial census, which have been used for many years. These new estimates are being used to allocate more than $7 billion annually to school districts, through the Title I program that supports educationally disadvantaged children. But are these estimates as accurate as possible given the available data? How can the statistical models and data that are used to develop the estimates be improved? What should policy makers consider in selecting particular estimates? This new book from the National Research Council provides guidance for improving the Census Bureau's program and for policy makers who use such estimates for allocating funds.

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) PDF

Author: KaNin Reese

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2011-04

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 1437943950

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Presents 2009 data from the SAIPE program of the Census Bureau. The SAIPE program produces poverty estimates for the total population and median household income estimates annually for all counties and states. SAIPE data also produces single-year poverty estimates for the school-age population (age 5-17) for all school districts in the U.S. The SAIPE program provides timely, reliable estimates of income and poverty statistics for the admin. of fed. programs and the allocation of fed. funds to local jurisdictions. Some state and local programs also use SAIPE income and poverty estimates to distribute funds and manage programs. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find report.

Small Area Income & Poverty Estimates: Model-based Estimates for States, Counties & School Districts

Small Area Income & Poverty Estimates: Model-based Estimates for States, Counties & School Districts PDF

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The U.S. Census Bureau, with support from other Federal agencies, created the Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) program to provide more current estimates of selected income and poverty statistics than the most recent decennial census. Estimates are created for states, counties, and school districts. The main objective of this program is to provide updated estimates of income and poverty statistics for the administration of federal programs and the allocation of federal funds to local jurisdictions. A Government Accounting Office report issued in September 1990 identified $30 billion in annual federal allocations that rely on decennial census data. In addition to these federal programs, there are hundreds of state and local programs that depend on income and poverty estimates for distributing funds and managing programs. The SAIPE program: provides intercensal estimates of key income and poverty statistics for small geographic areas; provides measures of uncertainty of those estimates; and researches and investigates improved estimation methodology. Our current focus is on estimates which have proved tractable and of interest to sponsors. We do not provide estimates for the number of poor children under 5 at the county level or the number of poor people 65 and over at the state and county levels, since we cannot improve on estimates from the preceding census or from national surveys. We develop intercensal estimates on a state and county basis for the following statistics: total number of people in poverty; number of children under age 5 in poverty (for states only); number of related children age 5 to 17 in families in poverty; number of children under age 18 in poverty; and median household income. In addition, in order to implement provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, we produce the following estimates for school districts: total population; number of children age 5 to 17; and number of related children age 5 to 17 in families in poverty. The estimates are not direct counts from enumerations or administrative records, nor direct estimates from sample surveys. Data from those sources are not adequate to provide intercensal estimates for all counties. Instead, we model the relation between income or poverty and tax and program data for the states and a subset of counties using estimates of income or poverty from the Current Population Survey (CPS) Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC). We then use the modeled relations to obtain estimates for all states and counties. For school districts, we use the model-based county estimates and the decennial census distribution of the population of poor of each county over its constituent school districts. Estimating measures of uncertainty is an integral part of the overall process. We use estimated standard errors to provide a confidence interval around each income or poverty estimate that can be used to evaluate the quality of the estimates and help to form decisions about their use.

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) PDF

Author: U.S. Census Bureau

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13:

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This document presents 2010 data from the Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) program of the U.S. Census Bureau. The SAIPE program produces poverty estimates for the total population and median household income estimates annually for all counties and states. SAIPE data also produces single-year poverty estimates for the school-age population (age 5-17) for all school districts in the U.S. The main objective of the SAIPE program is to provide timely, reliable estimates of income and poverty statistics for the administration of federal programs and the allocation of federal funds to local jurisdictions. Some state and local programs also use SAIPE income and poverty estimates to distribute funds and manage programs. Due to the comprehensive geographic coverage and one-year focus, SAIPE data can be used to analyze geographic variation in poverty and income, as well as changes over time. The purpose of this document is to highlight several key aspects of such analysis. Appended are: (1) Census Regions and Divisions in the United States; (2) Counties by Metro/Micro Area Status; (3) Supplemental Information for School Districts; and (4) Counties Published in the 2009 ACS 1-Year Estimates. (Contains 2 tables, 22 figures and 30 footnotes.).

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1999-02-18

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 0309184215

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The U.S. Department of Education uses estimates of school-age children in poverty to allocate federal funds under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act for education programs to aid disadvantaged children. Historically, the allocations have been made by a two-stage process: the department's role has been to allocate Title I funds to counties; the states have then distributed these funds to school districts. Until recently, the department has based the county allocations on the numbers and proportions of poor school-age children in each county from the most recent decennial census. States have used several different data sources, such as the decennial census and the National School Lunch Program, to distribute the department's county allocations to districts. In 1994 Congress authorized the Bureau of the Census to provide updated estimates of poor school-age children every 2 years, to begin in 1996 with estimates for counties and in 1998 with estimates for school districts. The Department of Education is to use the school district estimates to allocate Title I basic and concentration grants directly to districts for the 1999-2000 and later school years, unless the Secretaries of Education and Commerce determine that they are "inappropriate or unreliable" on the basis of a study by the National Research Council. That study is being carried out by the Committee on National Statistics' Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas.

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-01-16

Total Pages: 271

ISBN-13: 0309171245

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The Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas was established by the Committee on National Statistics at the National Research Council in response to the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994. That act charged the U.S. Census Bureau to produce updated estimates of poor school-age children every two years for the nation's more than 3,000 counties and 14,000 school districts. The act also charged the panel with determining the appropriateness and reliability of the Bureau's estimates for use in the allocation of more than $7 billion of Title I funds each year for educationally disadvantaged children. The panel's charge was both a major one and one with immovable deadlines. The panel had to evaluate the Census Bureau's work on a very tight schedule in order to meet legal requirements for allocation of Title I funds. As it turned out, the panel produced three interim reports: the first one evaluated county-level estimates of poor school-age children in 1993, the second one assessed a revised set of 1993 county estimates; and the third one covered both county- and school district-level estimates of poor school-age children in 1995. This volume combines and updates these three reports into a single reference volume.

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty

Small-Area Estimates of School-Age Children in Poverty PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1999-03-18

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 0309063957

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The U.S. Department of Education uses estimates of school-age children in poverty to allocate federal funds under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act for education programs to aid disadvantaged children. Historically, the allocations have been made by a two-stage process: the department's role has been to allocate Title I funds to counties; the states have then distributed these funds to school districts. Until recently, the department has based the county allocations on the numbers and proportions of poor school-age children in each county from the most recent decennial census. States have used several different data sources, such as the decennial census and the National School Lunch Program, to distribute the department's county allocations to districts. In 1994 Congress authorized the Bureau of the Census to provide updated estimates of poor school-age children every 2 years, to begin in 1996 with estimates for counties and in 1998 with estimates for school districts. The Department of Education is to use the school district estimates to allocate Title I basic and concentration grants directly to districts for the 1999-2000 and later school years, unless the Secretaries of Education and Commerce determine that they are "inappropriate or unreliable" on the basis of a study by the National Research Council. That study is being carried out by the Committee on National Statistics' Panel on Estimates of Poverty for Small Geographic Areas.

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates Tables for States and Counties by Income Year and Statistic

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates Tables for States and Counties by Income Year and Statistic PDF

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The U.S. Census Bureau presents a collection of tables that show small area income and poverty estimates for states and counties in the United States. The tables are arranged by income year, state, and statistic. County data are not available for 1996. The Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division of the Census Bureau published the estimates.

Analysis of Poverty Data by Small Area Estimation

Analysis of Poverty Data by Small Area Estimation PDF

Author: Monica Pratesi

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-02-23

Total Pages: 485

ISBN-13: 1118815017

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A comprehensive guide to implementing SAE methods for poverty studies and poverty mapping There is an increasingly urgent demand for poverty and living conditions data, in relation to local areas and/or subpopulations. Policy makers and stakeholders need indicators and maps of poverty and living conditions in order to formulate and implement policies, (re)distribute resources, and measure the effect of local policy actions. Small Area Estimation (SAE) plays a crucial role in producing statistically sound estimates for poverty mapping. This book offers a comprehensive source of information regarding the use of SAE methods adapted to these distinctive features of poverty data derived from surveys and administrative archives. The book covers the definition of poverty indicators, data collection and integration methods, the impact of sampling design, weighting and variance estimation, the issue of SAE modelling and robustness, the spatio-temporal modelling of poverty, and the SAE of the distribution function of income and inequalities. Examples of data analyses and applications are provided, and the book is supported by a website describing scripts written in SAS or R software, which accompany the majority of the presented methods. Key features: Presents a comprehensive review of SAE methods for poverty mapping Demonstrates the applications of SAE methods using real-life case studies Offers guidance on the use of routines and choice of websites from which to download them Analysis of Poverty Data by Small Area Estimation offers an introduction to advanced techniques from both a practical and a methodological perspective, and will prove an invaluable resource for researchers actively engaged in organizing, managing and conducting studies on poverty.

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