Small and Medium-size Enterprises in Economic Development
Author: Sidney Winter
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1995
Total Pages: 68
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Sidney Winter
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1995
Total Pages: 68
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Sidney Winter
Publisher:
Published: 1999
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →September 1995 How (if at all) can the World Bank promote economic development by mobilizing resources organized as small and medium-size enterprises in developing countries? What lines of research about small and medium-size enterprises would help support the Bank's policymaking in this area? The World Bank's most important long-term advantage in promoting development, says Winter, may lie in opportunities to address related obstacles simultaneously. It could mount concurrent efforts to address the problems of small and medium-size enterprises in a particular sector, region, or economy, for example. It could address the conditions of founding new firms, providing finance or technical assistance, developing mutual support institutions, resolving disputes, and perhaps reducing counterproductive government interventions. Were the Bank to follow such a coordinated approach, programs could be designed to generate data to illuminate the impacts and interactions of various elements of policy. These data could be exploited, then, in research designs, or even the design of management information systems, shaped by program evaluation. Winter proposes four general issues for research (plus a series of topics for each issue): * Can Bank initiatives involving small and medium-size enterprises in developing countries facilitate the entry of these enterprises into similar learning relationships with other firms -- foreign firms, larger firms in their own countries, or each other? (Topics/actionable items: Identify large firms noted for their willingness to help improve their suppliers' operations; survey these firms' practices and the criteria they use to identify possible suppliers not currently in their system; consider how these and other sources define prevailing standards for small and medium-size enterprises.) * The economic significance of high turbulence (entry and exit rates) in small-firm populations is poorly understood. The fact of high turbulence is well-documented in industrial countries; it is not for developing countries, but available data suggest a broadly similar pattern. Are high failure rates for small businesses symptomatic of an important shortcoming in the system of economic organization itself? Or should the unit of analysis be the enterprise, the entrepreneur, or the entrepreneur's family? * Is the apparent trend favoring a larger economic role for smaller production units autonomous rather than induced by other changes? Does it depend on general operating factors such as the declining costs of communication and computation? * The rate of learning by a small firm may depend on the nature of its transacting partner. Certain multinational enterprises make good teachers, for example, but certain local labor markets or markets for consumer goods and services may not be well-positioned for relevant learning. They may learn well how to adjust to local circumstances but not to the international diffusion of technology and ways of organizing (the main source of hope for developing countries). Perhaps Bank policy should be more concerned with transaction patterns. This paper -- a product of the Finance and Private Sector Development Division, Policy Research Department -- is part of a larger effort in the department to study small and medium-size enterprises and their role in development.
Author: David A. Kirby
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2017-11-22
Total Pages: 218
ISBN-13: 1351755137
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This title was first published in 2003. Since the late 1970s there has been considerable interest in the role of small firms in economic development in general and employment generation in particular. Throughout the developed world, governments have introduced a range of measures to encourage small firm growth and development in an attempt to stimulate economic growth, generate employment and foster innovation. Though not all measures have been successful many policies have transferred to the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe where, since 1989, small firm growth and development has achieved considerable importance in economic restructuring. Accordingly, this volume presents the leading research on the role of small firms in economic development and employment generation in both transition and developed countries. Setting itself in a wider theoretical context, the book also considers the implications for both policy and theory and suggests directions for future research.
Author: Sidney G. Winter
Publisher:
Published: 2016
Total Pages: 68
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →How (if at all) can the W ...
Author: Zoltan J. Acs
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1999
Total Pages: 426
ISBN-13: 9780521621052
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This book was originally published in 1999. At this time, the US economy had recently restructured itself, moving away from an industrial economy towards one based on information, while the European Union and Japan were left to worry about rising government deficits, inflexible businesses, persistent unemployment, and workers inadequately trained for the information age. Why did the US economy move beyond its chief competitors? This collection suggests that at least some of the answers to the pattern of divergent development can be found in the role of the entrepreneur. By examining the process that entrepreneurs play in the economy, the essays in this volume make a fundamental contribution to our understanding of the macroeconomy. Each chapter clarifies the role of entrepreneur in economic theory, the function of small and medium-size enterprises that they found and build and the impact of the innovations introduced on employment, productivity, and economic growth.
Author: Carl E. Liedholm
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2013-05-13
Total Pages: 146
ISBN-13: 1135118159
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) have been recognized as a major contemporary source of employment and income in a growing number of developing countries. Yet, relatively little is known about the characteristics and patterns of change in these enterprises. This volume examines the dynamics of MSEs in the development process. Drawing on a unique set of surveys conducted in twelve countries in Africa and Latin America the authors map the patterns of change in MSEs in the developing world. Subjects covered include: * significance of new start and closure rates of MSEs * factors involved in expansion rates and growth patterns of MSEs * the role of gender in MSEs evolution.
Author: Robert A. Blackburn
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2016-04-22
Total Pages: 341
ISBN-13: 1317125355
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Recent decades have seen substantial growth in the range of assistance programmes for SMEs and entrepreneurs across the world. Once regarded as peripheral to the economy and public policy, the role of small firms and of entrepreneurship is now recognized as of key importance in the economic growth and development strategies of many nations. The range of interventions and support focused on promoting SMEs and entrepreneurship is substantial and expanding, so Government, SMEs and Entrepreneurship Development asks ’what are some of the main policy instruments being used, and how effective are they?’ It considers policies in different countries, examines key interventions and tools used to promote entrepreneurship and SME development and concludes with contributions on how to best evaluate their effectiveness. The contributor chapters by academics and practitioners from businesses, enterprise development agencies and governments, are empirical or evidence-based and use both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Drawing on experience from a wide range of both developed and emerging countries and economies, the contributions focus on the broad strategies that different governments and communities have adopted to foster entrepreneurship and SMEs; the policy tools and instruments that can be used to promote small business and entrepreneurship; and on the outcomes of policy instruments and the methods used to evaluate interventions. Their findings will help researchers, policy-makers, economic development officers, civil servants, elected officials, and business associations to better understand the issues in this important field.
Author: Svetlana Shirobakina
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Published: 2006-07-18
Total Pages: 18
ISBN-13: 3638521869
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,3, University of Lincoln, course: B.A. European Business, language: English, abstract: The Lisbon European Council of March 2000 set the European Union a new strategic objective for the coming years:to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world, capable of sustained economic growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion. It is considered that Europe’s competitiveness and economic progress is strong dependent on its small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the key-source for job creating as well as for searching for new business ideas and innovative solutions, its main driver for entrepreneurship. For this reason, the European Council endorsed the “think small first” principle as one way to progress towards the Lisbon objectives. The idea of the small business has captured the imagination of the public and politicians over past years. They agree in the point that to meet the challenge of new integrated Europe requires a better business environment within the Internal Market, including the lightest possible administrative and regulatory burdens for small businesses and a better access to finance resources as well as creating of simple and effective legislation. It also requires a revolution in attitudes to entrepreneurship and to risk-taking processes, which will allow viewing failure as a part of experience, as an “opportunity to learn” from mistakes. They also emphasise the fact that small enterprises are normally more sensitive to changes in the business environment than large firms. They are the first to suffer if weighed down with excessive bureaucracy and creating new administrative burdens. And they are the first to flourish from initiatives such as decrease in taxation rate and promotion. My essay aims to answer the question to what extent the EU’s main market integration initiatives address the needs of SME’s and what should be done on the way to developing strong, competitive SMEs which would use all benefits from the Single European Market. It is important to define what we mean by SMEs before proceeding to answer these questions. For the purpose of this essay, SMEs are defined as non-subsidiary, independent firms, which employ less than 250 employees. We have to take into account the fact that this number may vary across national statistical systems. [...]
Author: Charles Harvie
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Published: 2002-01-01
Total Pages: 432
ISBN-13: 9781781959558
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →'The book deserves to be read by those who take an interest in industrial development and SMEs in the region. It provides good basic reading before executing more in-depth study into a particular country or sector.' - Henry Sandee, ASEAN Economic Bulletin This volume presents detailed analyses of the role and significance of Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the economies of East Asia. Various aspects of SME operations are studied, including: * the role and significance of networking in the conduct of business * the contribution of culture to business acumen and entrepreneurialism * human resource development constraints and issues * technology transfer processes * the utilisation and application of information technology by SMEs * the impact of electronic commerce * the policy framework needed to stimulate the growth of the SME sector.