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Senescence and Senescence-Related Disorders

Author: Wang Zhiwei

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2013-02-20

Total Pages: 162

ISBN-13: 9535109979

Senescence is a biological process that causes a progressive deterioration of structure and function of all organs chronologically. Recent studies have revealed the detailed molecular mechanisms of senescence using cell culture system and experimental organisms. It is thought that senescence is a potential cause for the development of various age-related disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This book discusses in detail senescence and its related diseases by distinguished researchers and practicing clinicians. The cumulative knowledge from the studies could lead to developing new approaches for anti-senescence interventions.

Aging and Age-Related Disorders

Author: Stephen Bondy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-09-02

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 1607616025

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Features that characterize the aging process include the gradual accumulation of cell damage after prolonged exposure to oxidative and inflammatory events over a lifetime. In addition to the accretion of lesions, the intrinsic levels of pro-oxidant and aberrant immune responses are elevated with age. These adverse events are often further enhanced by the chronic and slow progressing diseases that characterize the senescent brain and cardiovascular system. The incidence of some disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular diseases are sufficiently prevalent in the extreme elderly that these disorders can arguably be considered "normal". Aging and Aging-Related Disorders examines the interface between normal and pathological aging, and illustrates how this border can sometimes be diffuse. It explores and illustrates the processes underlying the means by which aging becomes increasingly associated with inappropriate levels of free radical activity and how this can serve as a platform for the progression of age-related diseases. The book provides chapters that examine the interactive relationship between systems in the body that can enhance or sometimes even limit cellular longevity. In addition, specific redox mechanisms in cells are discussed. Another important aspect for aging discussed here is the close relationship between the systems of the body and exposure to environmental influences of oxidative stress that can affect both cellular senescence and a cell’s nuclear DNA. What may be even more interesting to note is that these external stressors are not simply confined to illnesses usually associated with aging, but can be evident in maturing and young individuals. A broad range of internationally recognized experts have contributed to this book. Their aim is to successfully highlight emerging knowledge and therapy for the understanding of the basis and development of aging–related disorders.

Cellular Senescence in Disease

Author: Manuel Serrano

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2021-11-27

Total Pages: 474

ISBN-13: 0128225157

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Winner of the 2023 PROSE award in Biomedicine and Neuroscience! Research in the field of senescence has boomed recently due to the gradual realization that senescent cells are associated with a significant number of diseases. The genetic or pharmacological elimination of senescent cells can cause widespread benefits and improves outcomes for most of those diseases. Cellular Senescence in Diseases presents an updated review of the role of cellular senescence in multiple pathologies. Focus is given to those diseases where the implication of senescence has been more extensively documented, such as (cancer, lung and liver diseases, diabetes, Neurodegenerative diseases and others). The Editors recruited a group of worldwide experts in each individual pathology to review the role of cellular senescence in each one of them, aiming at identifying potential therapeutic pathways. The first two chapters provide an overview of the cellular senescence principles. Next, the chapters are divided into specific diseases. Cancer, including premalignant lesions (OIS), Advanced disease (TIS), and Metastasis are covered. The following condition covered is Lund diseases, including IPF, COPD, and Pulmonary Hypertension. Next Liver Diseases are covered, including Fibrosis and Cirrhosis, and Fatty liver disease. Next there is coverage for Kidney implications, including fibrosis and transplantation. Vascular diseases are covered next including infarction and hear fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. Both diabetes types 1 and 2 are covered next. Following chapters cover Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Bone and Cartilage disorders, respectively. Neurodegenerative diseases are covered next, focusing on Alzheimer and Parkinson. The next chapter discusses accumulation of senescent cell in tissues during aging. The two final chapters cover current developments and conclusions. Cellular Senescence in Diseases is designed for researchers and clinicians with a focus on the cellular mechanisms of diseases. All chapters cover current experimental therapeutic approaches to eliminate or cancel the pathological effects of senescent cells. Pharmaceutical scientists may also benefit from the contents of the book in the exploration of novel therapeutic opportunities. 2023 PROSE Awards - Winner: Category: Biomedicine and Neuroscience: Association of American Publishers Provides a thorough introduction to Cellular Senescence Covers all major pathologies for which cellular senescence has shown evidence of involvement Focuses on possible therapeutic pathways Edited and authored by worldwide experts

Innovative Medicine

Author: Kazuwa Nakao

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-10-13

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 4431556516

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This book is devoted to innovative medicine, comprising the proceedings of the Uehara Memorial Foundation Symposium 2014. It remains extremely rare for the findings of basic research to be developed into clinical applications, and it takes a long time for the process to be achieved. The task of advancing the development of basic research into clinical reality lies with translational science, yet the field seems to struggle to find a way to move forward. To create innovative medical technology, many steps need to be taken: development and analysis of optimal animal models of human diseases, elucidation of genomic and epidemiological data, and establishment of “proof of concept”. There is also considerable demand for progress in drug research, new surgical procedures, and new clinical devices and equipment. While the original research target may be rare diseases, it is also important to apply those findings more broadly to common diseases. The book covers a wide range of topics and is organized into three complementary parts. The first part is basic research for innovative medicine, the second is translational research for innovative medicine, and the third is new technology for innovative medicine. This book helps to understand innovative medicine and to make progress in its realization.

Frailty

Author: Roger A. Fielding

Publisher: Karger Medical Scientific

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783318054774

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The demographic shift in the average age of the population worldwide calls for careful attention to the nutritional and health needs of the elderly. Frailty has been associated with increased disability, postsurgical complications and increased mortality; in a frail state, older adults are at greater risk for adverse outcomes, including falls and admissions to hospital and nursing homes. Despite the strong associations between frailty and subsequent poor outcomes, limited attention to this common geriatric condition has been paid in clinical settings. Emerging evidence suggests that both behavioral (nutrition and physical activity) and pharmacologic interventions may be effective in the treatment and prevention of the frailty syndrome. The papers in this book address our current understanding of the biological basis, clinical presentation and therapeutic interventions that target frailty. They highlight the transitional nature of research on the frailty syndrome and identified key unmet needs and areas for future investigation in this expanding field.

Endothelial Dysfunction

Author: Helena Lenasi

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-10-24

Total Pages: 432

ISBN-13: 1789842530

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The endothelium enables communication between blood and tissues and is actively involved in cardiovascular homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction has been recognized as an early step in the development of cardiovascular diseases: respectively, endothelium represents a potential therapeutic niche with multiple targets. The purpose of the book is to point out some recent findings of endothelial physiology and pathophysiology emphasizing various aspects of endothelial dysfunction connected to the body's internal and external environment. While basic features of the endothelium are presented in an introductory chapter, the authors of the following 17 chapters have provided extensive insight into some selected topics of endothelial (dys)function. The book would hopefully be useful for anyone interested in recapitulating endothelial (patho)physiology and expanding knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction, relevant also for further clinical investigations.

Senolytics in Disease, Ageing and Longevity

Author: Daniel Muñoz-Espin

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-04-27

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 3030449033

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This book offers comprehensive information on the new and rapidly evolving science of identifying and targeting senescent cells, and on the exciting prospect of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for stopping, and even reversing, the progression of disease and the deterioration of the human body due to ageing. According to recent United Nations data, by 2050 one in six people worldwide will be older than age 65, with peaks rising to one in four people in Europe and North America. Remarkably, the number of persons aged 80 years or older is expected to triple, from 143 million in 2019 to 426 million in 2050. First documented in the 1960s, the concept of cellular senescence as an underlying cause of ageing has been established in the course of the last decade. Using genetically engineered mouse models, researchers have demonstrated that the selective elimination of senescent cells can block and even reverse a number of age-related dysfunctions and pathologies, promoting both better health and longer life in the elderly. These include cardiovascular diseases; neurological disorders; type 1 and type 2 diabetes; inflammatory diseases; fibrosis; geriatric syndromes; chronic diseases resulting in organ dysfunction; the integrity of the musculoskeletal system; and cancer. Some senolytic agents have already progressed into trials. These include UBX0101 for the treatment of osteoarthritis (now in phase II), a cocktail of dasatinib and quercetin for the management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic kidney disease, and ABT-263 in combination with senescence-inducing chemotherapies for the treatment of advanced solid tumours. In addition, the book discusses pathways to early phase clinical trials and translational approaches in medicine and ageing, highlighting new opportunities as well as current limitations, challenges and alternatives. Given its scope, it will benefit a broad audience of advanced educators, researchers, graduate students and practitioners.

Senescence

Author: Jolanta Dorszewska

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2017-08-30

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 9535134612

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In the second half of the twentieth century, life expectancy was prolonged, and the number of elderly people increased. The effect of population aging increases in the frequency of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, epilepsy, and stroke. Also, a higher incidence of infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant cancers is observed in elderly people. The aging process is difficult to define. Are physiological changes in elderly people controlled by specific genes? Is aging process a pathophysiology affecting different organs with different severity? Finding answers to these questions may help prevent age-related diseases and improve the quality of life of old people. This book was made as a compendium on contemporary challenges in senescence.

Senescence, Senotherapeutics and Mitochondria

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2023-07-14

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13: 0443188874

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Senescence, Senotherapeutics and Mitochondria, Volume 136 offers updates on this unique topics, with chapters covering Cellular Senescence in Aging: Molecular Basis, Implications and Therapeutic Interventions, Mitochondria-associated Cellular Senescence Mechanisms: Biochemical and Pharmacological Perspectives, Mitochondria in cell senescence: Friend or Foe?, The role of mitochondria and mitophagy in cell senescence, Small molecules targeting mitochondrial dysfunction for potential senotheraputics, Senolytic and senomorphic interventions to defy senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, Mitochondrial targeting peptides and probes, Mitochondria-derived peptides in healthy ageing and therapy of age-related diseases, and much more. Other sections cover Targeting of mitostasis-proteostasis axis by antioxidant polysaccharides in neurodegeneration, Phytotherapeutic targeting of the mitochondria in neurodegenerative disorders, Melatonin as mitochondria-targeted drugs, Coenzyme Q-related compounds to maintain healthy mitochondria during aging, Changing ROS, NAD and AMP: a path to longevity via mitochondrial therapeutics, and more. Updates on how mitochondria are closely related to the survival of senescent cells using either mitochondria-targeted senolytic or redox modulator senomorphic strategies Differentiates itself from other books with its multidisciplinary perspectives and multidimensional clinical approaches Offers a novel perspective on both the basic and clinical sciences for a wide group of well-established academicians, students and researchers in medicinal chemistry, gerontology, geriatrics, oncology, pharmacology, pathology, bioinformatics, sports science and nutritional sciences

The Biology of Senescence

Author: Bernard Swynghedauw

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-06

Total Pages: 121

ISBN-13: 3030151115

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This book describes the fundamental process of senescence, and reviews a new concept developed by a number of research groups that is based on cellular senescence and its secretome. This concept provides a basic explanation of the main physiological and pathological features of senescence, and delineates possibilities for “treating” it. Following an introduction to the emerging medical landscape, the increasing incidence of a new epidemiological group (age-related “chronic non-transmissible diseases”), and the multiple origins of aging, the book explores and characterizes the senescent cell, which is linked to benign and pathological age-related manifestations. In turn, the closing chapters discuss how to “treat” or “prevent” the aging process, underscoring the central role of physical exercise and caloric reduction as compared to new senolytic approaches. Appendices are also provided, and address circadian rhythms, telomere shortening, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and senescence in plants and bacteria. Given its scope, the book will primarily be of interest to geriatricians, but will also appeal to a wider range of clinicians.