Sedentary Behaviour in Human Health and Disease

Sedentary Behaviour in Human Health and Disease PDF

Author: Daniel P. Bailey

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2018-08-16

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 2889455475

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Sedentary behaviour – too much sitting as distinct from too little physical activity – is now recognised as an independent risk factor for several health outcomes and premature mortality. This is problematic as technological advancements in transportation, communications, workplaces, and domestic entertainment has created environments that encourage engagement in sedentary behaviour. Evidence from observational epidemiology shows that prolonged sitting is associated with increased risk of disease and adverse risk marker levels including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, obesity, glucose tolerance, and lipids. Importantly, the associations between prolonged sitting and these health markers are independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Intriguingly, observational studies employing objective measures of sedentary time patterns using accelerometry have shown that adults who interrupt their sedentary time more frequently (breaks in sedentary time) have improved cardiometabolic profiles than those whose sedentary time is mostly uninterrupted. These beneficial associations are independent of total sedentary time and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. In light of this evidence, experimental studies are now being conducted to identify novel mechanisms and potential causal relationships. It has been suggested that loss of muscular contractile stimulation induced through sitting impairs skeletal muscle metabolism of lipids and glucose and that the molecular processes through which these responses occur may be separate from the pathways activated when engaging in exercise. This Research Topic aims to bring together contributions from researchers to advance the sedentary behaviour research agenda and strengthen the case for reducing and breaking up sitting time in primary prevention and disease management contexts.

Sedentary Behaviour in Human Health and Disease

Sedentary Behaviour in Human Health and Disease PDF

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Sedentary behaviour - too much sitting as distinct from too little physical activity - is now recognised as an independent risk factor for several health outcomes and premature mortality. This is problematic as technological advancements in transportation, communications, workplaces, and domestic entertainment has created environments that encourage engagement in sedentary behaviour. Evidence from observational epidemiology shows that prolonged sitting is associated with increased risk of disease and adverse risk marker levels including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, obesity, glucose tolerance, and lipids. Importantly, the associations between prolonged sitting and these health markers are independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Intriguingly, observational studies employing objective measures of sedentary time patterns using accelerometry have shown that adults who interrupt their sedentary time more frequently (breaks in sedentary time) have improved cardiometabolic profiles than those whose sedentary time is mostly uninterrupted. These beneficial associations are independent of total sedentary time and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. In light of this evidence, experimental studies are now being conducted to identify novel mechanisms and potential causal relationships. It has been suggested that loss of muscular contractile stimulation induced through sitting impairs skeletal muscle metabolism of lipids and glucose and that the molecular processes through which these responses occur may be separate from the pathways activated when engaging in exercise. This Research Topic aims to bring together contributions from researchers to advance the sedentary behaviour research agenda and strengthen the case for reducing and breaking up sitting time in primary prevention and disease management contexts.

Sedentary Behavior and Health

Sedentary Behavior and Health PDF

Author: Weimo Zhu

Publisher: Human Kinetics

Published: 2017-03-03

Total Pages: 456

ISBN-13: 1492586463

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From office jobs and long commutes to passive entertainment like television and video games, humans are sitting more than ever. Though lack of exercise has major health consequences, researchers are now examining the additional and widespread health risk of the simple act of sitting for extended periods. With research from leading scientists, Sedentary Behavior and Health: Concepts, Assessments, and Interventions presents evidence on sedentary behavior, its apparent health risks, and suggestions on measuring and altering this behavior. The highly respected international author team provides an interdisciplinary review of current research, examining scientific, public health, and broader social questions about the implications of sedentary behavior. These topics include humans’ physiological predispositions, exacerbation of current health conditions like obesity and diabetes, and the design and ergonomics of offices and chairs. To examine the many facets of this developing area of study, Sedentary Behavior and Health is divided into five parts: • “Sedentary Behavior Concepts and Context” reviews the physiology of sedentary behavior, investigating current habits from the perspectives of evolution, industrial engineering, and design. • “Sedentary Behavior and Health” explores the relationship between sedentary behavior and several major chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and low-back pain. • “Measuring and Analyzing Sedentary Behavior” explains research methods for understanding and measuring sedentary behavior in order to recognize patterns and design interventions. • “Sedentary Behavior and Subpopulations” covers issues, risks, and behaviors in groups such as children, working adults, older adults, and minorities. • “Changing Sedentary Behavior” provides methods and recommendations for improvement with environmental, social, community, worksite, and technology-based interventions. Included in this groundbreaking text are learning objectives, key concepts, and study questions to focus attention on key issues and reinforce concepts. Reviews of the literature in the field are presented, many with comparisons in table form, to provide the full scope of research. Sidebars throughout the text apply theoretical concepts to real-world scenarios. Inactivity is mismatched with many aspects of humans’ genetic makeup. While it is becoming the new norm, the consequences of this behavior are emerging as a public health threat. Sedentary Behavior and Health will serve as a key reference for the rapidly emerging research area of sedentary behavior.

Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology

Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology PDF

Author: Michael F. Leitzmann

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-12-21

Total Pages: 650

ISBN-13: 3319615521

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This book addresses the origins, determinants and magnitude of the global problem of sedentary behaviour, along with concise yet in-depth solutions for tackling it. As a consequence of major technological advances in modern society, many people find themselves in environments characterized by prolonged sedentary behaviour. Although inadequate exercise has long been known to cause adverse health consequences, sedentary behaviour has recently emerged as a risk factor for the development of numerous chronic diseases and health conditions. Building on the contributions of leading experts in the field, this book presents current knowledge about sedentary behaviour, its medical and public health significance, its correlates and determinants, measurement techniques, and recommendations for addressing this behaviour at the individual, community, environmental, and policy level. Applying a cross-disciplinary methodology, the book avoids considering physical activity and sedentary behavior as a single continuum, which potentially hampers progress in confronting widespread levels of sedentariness. Rather, the book helps readers better understand how sedentary and physically active behavior co-occur and how the two behaviours have distinct contributing factors. Building on the contributions of distinguished international experts in the field, this thorough resource is a valuable asset and challenges professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners alike to adopt new strategies and expand their reach.

Sedentary Behaviour

Sedentary Behaviour PDF

Author: Adilson Marques

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781839685774

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Nowadays, the increasing availability of technology and the transition towards more sedentary occupations and recreation activities make sedentary behaviours an emerging research topic in behavioural epidemiology. This is particularly important because the available evidence consolidates the harmful relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic risk markers and health outcomes. While the feasibility and benefits of changing sedentary behaviours have been demonstrated, this knowledge underpins the need for intersectoral public health interventions in workplaces and school settings. This book examines sedentary behaviours, current methods of assessment, the risk these behaviours present to individual health, and the importance of their interruption.

Sedentary Behavior

Sedentary Behavior PDF

Author: Maryanne G. Bergin

Publisher: Nova Science Pub Incorporated

Published: 2011-01-01

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 9781611224627

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Sedentary behaviours include activities at the lowest spectrum of energy expenditure such as lying down, sitting, watching television, using the computer and other media and screen-based past times. A habitual sedentary lifestyle has been associated with different health problems. This important book gathers current research from across the globe in the study and prevalence of physical inactivity, and evaluates the numerous health risks associated with sedentary behaviour. Some topics discussed herein include how a sedentary lifestyle can impact cognitive ability adversely; sedentary behaviours and cardiovascular risk factors for children and adolescents; childhood obesity prevention and management; exercise training; and the effects of sedentary behaviour on mood and insulin sensitivity.

Sedentary Lifestyle

Sedentary Lifestyle PDF

Author: Ahmad Alkhatib

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781634846738

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The health risks associated with a sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical activity have become the main concern for health professionals, clinicians and scientists in the 21st century. This book presents readers with a comprehensive examination of the most recent scientific evidence explaining the deteriorating health consequences of sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity across the human lifespan. It also provides novel and effective intervention strategies, primarily those based on physical activity in order to reverse and reduce these health risks, particularly risks related to the metabolism and cardiovascular disease. Empirical research findings and innovative scientific models for physical activity and exercise interventions are presented throughout the book based on well-designed research studies by leading authors and practitioners. Readers can also benefit from both scientific and practical recommendations for prescribing physical activity and exercise to address the health risks associated with: sedentary lifestyle and potential benefits for diabetes, epicardial adipose tissues, muscle and joint function mechanics, metabolic and cardiovascular risk prevention. The book also highlights the latest age- and population-specific recommendations for screening and planning effective physical activity, as well as exercise interventions for children, adolescents, older adults and other sedentary individual groups such as sedentary workplace employees and individuals with diabetes. Health benefits are discussed at different complexities of the human body. Nine chapters within this book cover the health risks and adaptive responses to physical activity and exercise at the molecular, cellular, muscular, adipose tissue, metabolic, cardiovascular, and multi-compartment levels of the human body. The book offers excellent scientific insight and practical recommendations for readers across the globe.

Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health

Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health PDF

Author: Roger Detels

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 1717

ISBN-13: 019881013X

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Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline

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