The Persistence, Diffusion and Interchangeability of Scribal Habits in the Ancient Near East Before the Codex

The Persistence, Diffusion and Interchangeability of Scribal Habits in the Ancient Near East Before the Codex PDF

Author: June Ashton

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13:

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"The term 'scribal habits' refers to the technical aspects of writing which are not essential components of the script, but which contibute to the interpretation of the written text to its appearance: it includes the layout of text, word separation, punctuation and divisions of text, lines that are ornamental or are for the guidance of the scribe, the correction of errors, and the dimensions of documents and manuscripts; it also covers types of writing material and writing implements which are often typical of writing systems and determine to a large extent the form that habits or conventions will take. Some scribal habits are functional; others are decorative. Methods differ from one system to another and sometimes within a system. This thesis is therefore not about what scribes wrote, but how they wrote and organised text, what materials they wrote on and which writing implements they used. The aim of the thesis will be to discuss the origins of scribal habits and devices in writing systems in the eastern Mediterranean region (including those that may not have originated in the region but are represented there); to identify the conventions that are common to all systems and those which differ; to note which habits persist to the end of the period. It will seek to demonstrate and will endeavour to explain the persistence over a long period of time of certain scribal habits; the discontinuation of others; the diffusion of habits from one culture to another and the interchangeability of some customs. The time span covered is from the beginning of the history of writing until the appearance of the first codices in the second and third centuries of the current era. [...]" -- Introduction.

Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel

Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel PDF

Author: Philip Zhakevich

Publisher: Penn State Press

Published: 2020-12-11

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 1646021053

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In this book, Philip Zhakevich examines the technology of writing as it existed in the southern Levant during the Iron Age II period, after the alphabetic writing system had fully taken root in the region. Using the Hebrew Bible as its corpus and focusing on a set of Hebrew terms that designated writing surfaces and instruments, this study synthesizes the semantic data of the Bible with the archeological and art-historical evidence for writing in ancient Israel. The bulk of this work comprises an in-depth lexicographical analysis of Biblical Hebrew terms related to Israel’s writing technology. Employing comparative Semitics, lexical semantics, and archaeology, Zhakevich provides a thorough analysis of the origins of the relevant terms; their use in the biblical text, Ben Sira, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and ancient Hebrew inscriptions; and their translation in the Septuagint and other ancient versions. The final chapter evaluates Israel’s writing practices in light of those of the ancient world, concluding that Israel’s most common form of writing (i.e., writing with ink on ostraca and papyrus) is Egyptian in origin and was introduced into Canaan during the New Kingdom. Comprehensive and original in its scope, Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel is a landmark contribution to our knowledge of scribes and scribal practices in ancient Israel. Students and scholars interested in language and literacy in the first-millennium Levant in particular will profit from this volume.

Scribal Habits in Near Eastern Manuscript Traditions

Scribal Habits in Near Eastern Manuscript Traditions PDF

Author: George Anton Kiraz

Publisher: Gorgias Press

Published: 2021-01-27

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 9781463241964

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"This volume brings together contributions by scholars focussing on peritextual elements as found in Middle Eastern manuscripts: dots and various other symbols that mark vowels, intonation, readings aids, and other textual markers; marginal notes and sigla that provide additional explanatory content akin to but substantially different from our modern notes and endnotes; images and illustrations that present additional material not found in the main text. These elements add additional layers to the main body of the text and are crucial for our understanding of the text's transmission history as well as scribal habits"--

Weavers, Scribes, and Kings

Weavers, Scribes, and Kings PDF

Author: Amanda H Podany

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9780190059057

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"This sweeping history of the ancient Near East (Mesopotamia, Syria, Anatolia, Iran) takes readers on a journey from the creation of the world's first cities to the conquest of Alexander the Great. The book is built around the life stories of many ancient men and women, from kings, priestesses, and merchants to bricklayers, musicians, and weavers. Their habits of daily life, beliefs, triumphs, and crises, and the changes that they faced over time are explored through their written words and the archaeological remains of the buildings, cities, and empires in which they lived. Rather than chronicling three thousand years of kingdoms, the book instead creates a tapestry of life stories through which readers come to know specific individuals from many walks of life, and to understand their places within the broad history of events and institutions in the ancient Near East. These life stories are preserved on ancient cuneiform tablets, which allow us to trace, for example, the career of a weaver as she advanced to became a supervisor of a workshop, listen to a king trying to persuade his generals to prepare for a siege, and feel the pain of a starving young couple who were driven to sell all four of their young children into slavery during a famine. What might seem at first glance to be a remote and inaccessible ancient culture proves to be a comprehensible world, one that bequeathed to us many of our institutions and beliefs, a truly fascinating place to visit"--

Weavers, Scribes, and Kings

Weavers, Scribes, and Kings PDF

Author: Amanda H. Podany

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 673

ISBN-13: 0190059044

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"This sweeping history of the ancient Near East (Mesopotamia, Syria, Anatolia, Iran) takes readers on a journey from the creation of the world's first cities to the conquest of Alexander the Great. The book is built around the life stories of many ancient men and women, from kings, priestesses, and merchants to bricklayers, musicians, and weavers. Their habits of daily life, beliefs, triumphs, and crises, and the changes that they faced over time are explored through their written words and the archaeological remains of the buildings, cities, and empires in which they lived. Rather than chronicling three thousand years of kingdoms, the book instead creates a tapestry of life stories through which readers come to know specific individuals from many walks of life, and to understand their places within the broad history of events and institutions in the ancient Near East. These life stories are preserved on ancient cuneiform tablets, which allow us to trace, for example, the career of a weaver as she advanced to became a supervisor of a workshop, listen to a king trying to persuade his generals to prepare for a siege, and feel the pain of a starving young couple who were driven to sell all four of their young children into slavery during a famine. What might seem at first glance to be a remote and inaccessible ancient culture proves to be a comprehensible world, one that bequeathed to us many of our institutions and beliefs, a truly fascinating place to visit"--

Scribal Habits in Early Greek New Testament Papyri

Scribal Habits in Early Greek New Testament Papyri PDF

Author: James Ronald Royse

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 1086

ISBN-13: 9004161813

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This book investigates the scribal habits of P45, P46, P47, P66, P72, and P75, the six most extensive early New Testament manuscripts. All the singular readings in these six papyri are studied along with all the corrections.

Tradition and Innovation in the Ancient Near East

Tradition and Innovation in the Ancient Near East PDF

Author: Alfonso Archi

Publisher: Penn State Press

Published: 2015-01-23

Total Pages: 633

ISBN-13: 1575063581

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In July, 2011, the International Association for Assyriology met in Rome, Italy, for 5 days to deliver and listen to papers on the theme “Tradition and Innovation in the Ancient Near East”. This volume, the proceedings of the conference, contains more than 40 of the papers read at the 57th annual Rencontre, including 3 plenary lectures/papers, many papers directly connected with the theme, as well as a workshop on parents and children. The papers covered every period of Mesopotamian history, from the third millennium through the end of the first millennium B.C.E. The attendees were warmly hosted by faculty and students from the Università di Roma “La Sapienza”.

Individuals and Institutions in the Ancient Near East

Individuals and Institutions in the Ancient Near East PDF

Author: Uri Gabbay

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2021-10-25

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1501514660

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This volume honors Ran Zadok's work by focusing on his sustained interest in Mesopotamian social history. It brings together a rich array of scholarship on ancient names, deities, individuals, and institutions, from Persepolis to the Levant. Building on Zadok's intellectual concerns, this book includes contributions that expand our understanding of the diverse tapestry of the peoples who inhabited the Ancient Near East.

The Scribe in the Biblical World

The Scribe in the Biblical World PDF

Author: Esther Eshel

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2022-12-05

Total Pages: 415

ISBN-13: 3110984490

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This book offers a fresh look at the status of the scribe in society, his training, practices, and work in the biblical world. What was the scribe’s role in these societies? Were there rival scribal schools? What was their role in daily life? How many scripts and languages did they grasp? Did they master political and religious rhetoric? Did they travel or share foreign traditions, cultures, and beliefs? Were scribes redactors, or simply copyists? What was their influence on the redaction of the Bible? How did they relate to the political and religious powers of their day? Did they possess any authority themselves? These are the questions that were tackled during an international conference held at the University of Strasbourg on June 17–19, 2019. The conference served as the basis for this publication, which includes fifteen articles covering a wide geographical and chronological range, from Late Bronze Age royal scribes to refugees in Masada at the end of the Second Temple period.