Science, Technology, and Warfare

Science, Technology, and Warfare PDF

Author: Monte D. Wright

Publisher: The Minerva Group, Inc.

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 0898752116

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This book, originally published in 1969, discusses the development of the complex relationships between science and technology and warfare from the Renaissance to the 1960s. The nature of warfare has always been largely determined by contemporary technology. Instances of technological change undertaken for the sake of military advantage have also been relatively common in history. The relationships between science and warfare however have been much more variable and ambiguous. "Science, Technology, and Warfare" requires a fourth term to be complete "Management " because the primary military innovator never has been the scientist, technologist, or soldier, but rather the administrative "organizer of victory."

National Military Establishments and the Advancement of Science and Technology

National Military Establishments and the Advancement of Science and Technology PDF

Author: P. Forman

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2001-11-30

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 9781402002502

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To some philosophers, seeking to understand the human condition, technology is a necessary guide. But to think through the complex human phenomenon of technology we must tackle philosophy of science, philosophy of culture, moral issues, comparative civilizational studies, and the economics of specific industrial and military technologies in their historical contexts. The philoso pher wants to grasp the technological factor in this troubled world, even as we see it is only one factor, and that it does not speak openly for itself. Put directly, our human troubles to a considerable extent have been transformed, exaggerated, distorted, even degraded, perhaps transcended, by what engi neers and scientists, entrepreneurs and politicians, have wrought. But our problems are ancient, problems of dominations, struggles, survival, values in conflict, greed and insane sadisms. To get some conceptual light on the social reality which seems immediately to be so complicated, a philosopher will need to learn from the historians of technology. A few years ago, the philosopher Elisabeth Straker concluded that "a his torical philosophy of technology [is required] since history - and history alone - provides all those concepts that form part of the repertoire of the philosoph ical analysis of technology". And she added that this goes far beyond the triviality that like other cultural achievements technology has its historical development. Now historical comprehension is no substitute for a logical methodology in the analysis of technological problems.

Military Technology

Military Technology PDF

Author: Ron Fridell

Publisher: Lerner Books [UK]

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13: 1580134262

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An introduction to military technology, looking at the advanced weaponry and machinery employed by military forces around the world.

Dialogues Concerning Science, Technology, and Intellect in American Society's and Military's Future

Dialogues Concerning Science, Technology, and Intellect in American Society's and Military's Future PDF

Author: Bruce J. West

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2021-03-11

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 1527567389

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This book presents distinctive perspectives and voices concerning the nature, utility, and limitations of science and technology in national security, as well as outlining the nature of science and technology’s interdependency with military operations. These dialogues are particularly timely during this period of transition for the US military in which these implicit ideas are molding the Army Futures Command and similar other service agencies. The design decisions being made to equip, train, educate, deploy, and lead the future force need wisdom from experienced scientists, engineers, and innovators. This book addresses fundamental issues such as the relationship between scientific advances and technological innovation and the roles of science and technology in a modern society and the military.

Science and Technology in the Global Cold War

Science and Technology in the Global Cold War PDF

Author: Naomi Oreskes

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2014-10-31

Total Pages: 467

ISBN-13: 0262526530

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Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in fields from biomedicine to rocket science. The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security restrictions. These changes affected not just the arms race and the space race but also research in agriculture, biomedicine, computer science, ecology, meteorology, and other fields. This volume examines science and technology in the context of the Cold War, considering whether the new institutions and institutional arrangements that emerged globally constrained technoscientific inquiry or offered greater opportunities for it. The contributors find that whatever the particular science, and whatever the political system in which that science was operating, the knowledge that was produced bore some relation to the goals of the nation-state. These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated. The contributors also consider to what extent the changes to science and technology practices in this era were produced by the specific politics, anxieties, and aspirations of the Cold War. Contributors Elena Aronova, Erik M. Conway, Angela N. H. Creager, David Kaiser, John Krige, Naomi Oreskes, George Reisch, Sigrid Schmalzer, Sonja D. Schmid, Matthew Shindell, Asif A. Siddiqi, Zuoyue Wang, Benjamin Wilson

Military Enterprise and Technological Change

Military Enterprise and Technological Change PDF

Author: Merritt Roe Smith

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 414

ISBN-13: 9780262192392

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In this book, historians of technology bring their special expertise to probing the influence of the military on technological development over a broad range of history and in a variety of cases.

Information Technology and Military Power

Information Technology and Military Power PDF

Author: Jon R. Lindsay

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2020-07-15

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13: 1501749579

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Militaries with state-of-the-art information technology sometimes bog down in confusing conflicts. To understand why, it is important to understand the micro-foundations of military power in the information age, and this is exactly what Jon R. Lindsay's Information Technology and Military Power gives us. As Lindsay shows, digital systems now mediate almost every effort to gather, store, display, analyze, and communicate information in military organizations. He highlights how personnel now struggle with their own information systems as much as with the enemy. Throughout this foray into networked technology in military operations, we see how information practice—the ways in which practitioners use technology in actual operations—shapes the effectiveness of military performance. The quality of information practice depends on the interaction between strategic problems and organizational solutions. Information Technology and Military Power explores information practice through a series of detailed historical cases and ethnographic studies of military organizations at war. Lindsay explains why the US military, despite all its technological advantages, has struggled for so long in unconventional conflicts against weaker adversaries. This same perspective suggests that the US retains important advantages against advanced competitors like China that are less prepared to cope with the complexity of information systems in wartime. Lindsay argues convincingly that a better understanding of how personnel actually use technology can inform the design of command and control, improve the net assessment of military power, and promote reforms to improve military performance. Warfighting problems and technical solutions keep on changing, but information practice is always stuck in between.

American Military Technology

American Military Technology PDF

Author: Barton C. Hacker

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2007-11-29

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 0801887720

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The growth of American engineering and science has affected military technology, organization, and practice from the colonial era to the present day—even as military concerns have influenced, and often funded, domestic engineering programs and scientific development. American Military Technology traces the interplay of technology and science with the armed forces of the United States in terms of what Hacker and Vining view as epochs: 1840–1865, the introduction of modern small arms, steam power, and technology, science, and medicine; 1900–1914, the naval arms race, torpedoes and submarines, and the signal corps and the airplane; and 1965–1971, McNamara's Pentagon, technology in Vietnam, guided missiles, and smart bombs. The book is an excellent springboard for understanding the complex relationship of science, technology, and war in American history.

The Science of War

The Science of War PDF

Author: Michael E. O'Hanlon

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2013-04-21

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 0691157995

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The U.S. military is one of the largest and most complex organizations in the world. How it spends its money, chooses tactics, and allocates its resources have enormous implications for national defense and the economy. The Science of War is the only comprehensive textbook on how to analyze and understand these and other essential problems in modern defense policy. Michael O'Hanlon provides undergraduate and graduate students with an accessible yet rigorous introduction to the subject. Drawing on a broad range of sources and his own considerable expertise as a defense analyst and teacher, he describes the analytic techniques the military uses in every crucial area of military science. O'Hanlon explains how the military budget works, how the military assesses and deploys new technology, develops strategy and fights wars, handles the logistics of stationing and moving troops and equipment around the world, and models and evaluates battlefield outcomes. His modeling techniques have been tested in Iraq and Afghanistan, including the methods he used to predict higher-than-anticipated troop fatalities in Iraq--controversial predictions that have since been vindicated. The Science of War is the definitive resource on warfare in the twenty-first century. Gives the best introduction to defense analysis available Covers defense budgeting Shows how to model and predict outcomes in war Explains military logistics, including overseas basing Examines key issues in military technology, including missile defense, space warfare, and nuclear-weapons testing Based on the author's graduate-level courses at Princeton, Columbia, and Georgetown universities