Author: Julia I. Lane
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Published: 2011-03-18
Total Pages: 658
ISBN-13: 0804781605
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Basic scientific research and technological development have had an enormous impact on innovation, economic growth, and social well-being. Yet science policy debates have long been dominated by advocates for particular scientific fields or missions. In the absence of a deeper understanding of the changing framework in which innovation occurs, policymakers cannot predict how best to make and manage investments to exploit our most promising and important opportunities. Since 2005, a science of science policy has developed rapidly in response to policymakers' increased demands for better tools and the social sciences' capacity to provide them. The Science of Science Policy: A Handbook brings together some of the best and brightest minds working in science policy to explore the foundations of an evidence-based platform for the field. The contributions in this book provide an overview of the current state of the science of science policy from three angles: theoretical, empirical, and policy in practice. They offer perspectives from the broader social science, behavioral science, and policy communities on the fascinating challenges and prospects in this evolving arena. Drawing on domestic and international experiences, the text delivers insights about the critical questions that create a demand for a science of science policy.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 124
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: United States. President's Task Force on Science Policy
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 60
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Heather E. Douglas
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Published: 2009-07-15
Total Pages: 227
ISBN-13: 082297357X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be "value-free." In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence.Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Science and Astronautics Committee
Publisher:
Published: 1970
Total Pages: 130
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy
Publisher:
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 206
ISBN-13:
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