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The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses

Author: Edward C. Holmes

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2009-06-25

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 0199211124

While the study of viral evolution has developed rapidly in the last 30 years, little attention has been directed toward linking the mechanisms of viral evolution to the epidemiological outcomes of these processes. This book intends to fill this gap by considering the patterns and processes of viral evolution at all its spatial and temporal scales.

RNA Viruses

Author: Decheng Yang

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 722

ISBN-13: 981283379X

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This is the first comprehensive book on human/animal gene responses to RNA viral infections, including prevalent, emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses such as HIV, SARS-CoV, West Nile virus, influenza virus and many others. Human gene responses are reviewed by leading virologists worldwide in the following aspects: (i) the altered gene expression profiles at the transcriptional and translational levels detected with cutting-edge technologies such as cDNA microarray and proteomics; (ii) host innate and adapted immune responses to viral replication in target organs; (iii) virus-activated signal transduction pathways in cell survival, apoptosis and autophagosomal pathways; and (iv) the small interfering RNA/microRNA-mediated gene silencing pathway, a recently characterized new host defense mechanism against viral infection. Organized into 29 highly accessible and well-illustrated chapters, this volume explores state-of-the-art knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of RNA virus infection and host?virus interactions. This comprehensive compilation of the altered gene expression profiles and signal transduction pathways in host cells in response to the majority of human/animal RNA viruses opens new directions for basic and clinical research on viral pathogenesis, and also provides valuable biomarkers for researchers to select gene targets in the development of diagnostic tests and antiviral therapeutics for a number of infectious diseases.

Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses

Author: Anne Bridgen

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-10-07

Total Pages: 482

ISBN-13: 111840534X

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Reverse genetics, the genetic manipulation of RNA viruses to create a wild-type or modified virus, has led to important advances in our understanding of viral gene function and interaction with host cells. Since many severe viral human and animal pathogens are RNA viruses, including those responsible for polio, measles, rotaviral diarrhoea and influenza infections, it is also an extremely powerful technique with important potential application for the prevention and control of a range of human and animal viral diseases. Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses provides a comprehensive account of the very latest developments in reverse genetics of RNA viruses through a wide range of applications within each of the core virus groups including; positive sense, negative sense and double stranded RNA viruses. Written by a team of international experts in the field, it provides a unique insight into how the field has developed, what problems are being addressed now and where applications may lead in the future. It will prove invaluable to bioscience, medical and veterinary students, those starting research in this area as well as other researchers and teachers needing to update their knowledge of this fast-moving field. An authoritative, comprehensive overview of reverse genetics in RNA Viruses. Includes numerous examples of cutting- edge applications of reverse genetics within each of the RNA viral groups. Written by a team of international experts, including some of the leading researchers in the field.

Virus Structure

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2003-10-02

Total Pages: 610

ISBN-13: 0080493777

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Virus Structure covers the full spectrum of modern structural virology. Its goal is to describe the means for defining moderate to high resolution structures and the basic principles that have emerged from these studies. Among the topics covered are Hybrid Vigor, Structural Folds of Viral Proteins, Virus Particle Dynamics, Viral Gemone Organization, Enveloped Viruses and Large Viruses. Covers viral assembly using heterologous expression systems and cell extracts Discusses molecular mechanisms in bacteriophage T7 procapsid assembly, maturation and DNA containment Includes information on structural studies on antibody/virus complexes

Negative Strand RNA Virus

Author: Ming Luo

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 9814317233

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Ch. 1. Overview of negative-strand RNA viruses / Biao He -- ch. 2. Rhabdovirus entry into the host cell / Aurelie Albertini and Yves Gaudin -- ch. 3. Virus entry : parainfluenza viruses / Masato Tsurudome -- ch. 4. What controls the distinct VSV RNA synthetic processes of replication and transcription? / Gail Williams Wertz, Summer E. Galloway and Djamila Harouaka -- ch. 5. mRNA capping by vesicular stomatitis virus and other related viruses / Tomoaki Ogino and Amiya K. Banerjee -- ch. 6. Structural disorder within the measles virus nucleoprotein and phosphorprotein : functional implications for transcript and replication / Sonia Longhi -- ch. 7. Biochemical and structural insights into vesicular stomatitis virus transcription / Amal A. Rahmeh and Sean P.J. Whelan -- ch. 8. Transcription of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA genome / Debasis Panda and Asit K. Pattnaik -- ch. 9. Assembly of vesicular stomatitis virus / Ming Luo, Todd J. Green and Z. Hong Zhou -- ch. 10. Paramyxovirus budding mechanisms / Megan S. Harrison, Takemasa Sakaguchi and Anthony P . Schmitt -- ch. 11. Virus-host interaction by members of the family rhabdoviridae and filoviridae / Douglas S. Lyles -- ch. 12. Paramyxovirus and rig-like helicases : a complex molecular interplay driving innate immunity / Denis Gerlier -- ch. 13. The molecular and cellular biology of emerging bunyaviruses / John N. Barr -- ch. 14. Ebolaviruses : what we know and where we are on potential therapeutics / Peter Halfmann, Gabriele Neumann and Yoshihiro Kawaoak

Assembly of Enveloped RNA Viruses

Author: Monique Dubois-Dalcq

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 3709187567

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This book is a collection of critical reviews about a diverse group of virus families with two features in common: the stable repository of genetic information in each virus is RNA, and each virus modifies and appropriates a particular patch of the eukaryotic cell membrane system to complete its structure. The reviews take the reader from the level of virus genome structure and expression through the quaternary interactions between virus-specified elements and cellular components that cooperate to produce virus particles. There are spectacular illustrations in this volume, but it is much more than a picture gallery. Reading widely in this book can be an effective antidote to overspecialization: in these pages, you are likely to learn much about viruses and about cells that you didn't know before; you'll discover illuminating parallels between diverse virus families; you'll come away with a sharpened awareness of important things that are still to be learned. Memphis, Tenn. , Summer 1984 David W. Kingsbury Preface This book was written at the suggestion of Dr. David W. Kingsbury made at a work shop on viruses organized by the Multiple Sclerosis Society in Aspen, Colorado, U. S. A. , three years ago. Originally, we had thought to focus on the morphological aspects of viral assembly. Later, during our discussions on the process of budding of enveloped RNA viruses, it became evident that we should include biochemical data in our review and correlate them with the structural aspects of virus maturation.

Tropical Medicine Notebook

Author: Philippa C. Matthews

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017-07-13

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 0191057673

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The Tropical Medicine Notebook is a new concept in providing a concise overview of the key topics in tropical medicine, using short notes, diagrams, maps, and tables to present the material in an accessible, engaging, memorable, and interesting way. The format is generally a page per topic, with division of each page into subsections by boxes to make it easy to find the relevant information. Cross-referencing is provided to allow quick linking between relevant sections of the book. Providing the key information in bite-size chunks, the Tropical Medicine Notebook is a useful companion to more comprehensive texts. Divided into eight sections; the first five cover infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and helminths, followed by a further three which present the topics of vector biology, disease syndromes and envenomation. Where relevant, the section is prefaced by a classification system to provide a logical overview, helping with assimilation of information and highlighting important relationships between organisms. It is an ideal learning and revision guide for students or trainees in infection, microbiology, and tropical medicine, as well as being a useful reference resource for healthcare and laboratory staff across the wide range of disciplines to which infection may present.

Genetic Diversity of RNA Viruses

Author: John J. Holland

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 3642770118

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Many RNA viruses have been known for decades to be genetically and biologically quite variable. Some well-known examples are influenza viruses, foot and mouth disease viruses, and Newcastle disease virus. During the past decade, it has become clear that most, it not all. , RNA viruses (riboviruses and retroviruses) are much more mutable than was recognized previously, and that this great mutability generates extremely complex populations consisting of indeterminate mixtures of related variants (Le. , "mutant swarms" or "quasispecies" populations). This is also true of DNA viruses (such as hepatitis DNA genomes via RNA transcripts B virus) which replicate their that are reverse-transcribed back to DNA. This hypermutability of RNA replicons provides great biological adaptability for RNA virus genomes. It also allows (but does not necessitate) RNA viruses, so that they can extremely rapid evolution of evolve over a million times more quickly than their eukaryotic DNA-based hosts. The genetics of RNA replicons is so unusual (and often counterintuitive) that it has many important biological conse quences which are neither readily apparent nor widely under stood. Failure to understand the distinctive aspects of RNA genetics frequently generates confusion and controversy and can adversely impact vaccine and antiviral drug programs and other applications of medical virology. The 14 chapters in this volume describe advances in a number of significant areas of RNA virus genetics and evolution.

Multiplication of RNA Plant Viruses

Author: Chundi L. Mandahar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-09-05

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 1402047258

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Biochemical studies on plant virus RNA replication have advanced considerably since 2000, primarily because of new genetic, molecular, biochemical, and enzymatic studies. This book generates understanding of multiplication of plus-sense RNA plant viruses, especially at molecular level. Certain virus-encoded essential proteins, nucleotide sequence motifs, and RNA secondary structures are central to virus RNA replication, which has a number of stages. Each is a complex phenomenon requiring specific factors and conditions.

SARS, MERS and other Viral Lung Infections

Author: David S. Hui

Publisher: European Respiratory Society

Published: 2016-06-01

Total Pages: 148

ISBN-13: 1849840709

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Viral respiratory tract infections are important and common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past two decades, several novel viral respiratory infections have emerged with epidemic potential that threaten global health security. This Monograph aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome and other viral respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza, avian influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, through six chapters written by authoritative experts from around the globe.