Risk Analysis and Human Behavior

Risk Analysis and Human Behavior PDF

Author: Baruch Fischhoff

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-06-17

Total Pages: 434

ISBN-13: 1136495800

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The articles collected here are foundational contributions to integrating behavioural research and risk analysis. They include seminal articles on three essential challenges. One is ensuring effective two-way communication between technical experts and the lay public, so that risk analyses address lay concerns and provide useful information to people who need it. The second is ensuring that analyses make realistic assumptions about human behaviours that affect risk levels (e.g., how people use pharmaceuticals, operate equipment, or respond to evacuation orders). The third is ensuring that analyses recognize the strengths and weaknesses of experts’ understanding, using experts’ knowledge, while understanding its limits. The articles include overviews of the science, essays on the role of risk in society, and applications to domains as diverse as environment, medicine, terrorism, human rights, chemicals, pandemics, vaccination, HIV/AIDS, xenotransplantation, sexual assault, energy, and climate change. The work involves collaborations among scientists from many disciplines, working with practitioners to produce and convey the knowledge needed help people make better risk decisions.

Risk Analysis and Human Behavior

Risk Analysis and Human Behavior PDF

Author: Baruch Fischhoff

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-06-17

Total Pages: 478

ISBN-13: 1136495797

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The articles collected here are foundational contributions to integrating behavioural research and risk analysis. They include seminal articles on three essential challenges. One is ensuring effective two-way communication between technical experts and the lay public, so that risk analyses address lay concerns and provide useful information to people who need it. The second is ensuring that analyses make realistic assumptions about human behaviours that affect risk levels (e.g., how people use pharmaceuticals, operate equipment, or respond to evacuation orders). The third is ensuring that analyses recognize the strengths and weaknesses of experts’ understanding, using experts’ knowledge, while understanding its limits. The articles include overviews of the science, essays on the role of risk in society, and applications to domains as diverse as environment, medicine, terrorism, human rights, chemicals, pandemics, vaccination, HIV/AIDS, xenotransplantation, sexual assault, energy, and climate change. The work involves collaborations among scientists from many disciplines, working with practitioners to produce and convey the knowledge needed help people make better risk decisions.

Human Safety and Risk Management

Human Safety and Risk Management PDF

Author: A. Ian Glendon

Publisher:

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13:

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This book, written by two authors with extensive experience of lecturing on the 'Human Aspects of Safety' on training courses for safety practitioners, considers major psychological and organizational issues within the framework of health and safety at work and the management of risk, extending applied knowledge from psychology and related disciplines in new directions. The book reflects developing approaches to managing risk as it applies to individuals, teams and organizations in the workplace. Specifically it aims to improve understanding of ways in which human behaviour both influences, and can be shaped by, effective management of safety and risk in the workplace. For the safety and risk professional and student alike there are straightforward introductions to, and explorations of, the relevant aspects of behavioural science, supported by numerous examples. For those who wish to read further around the subject, this clear exposition of material is supplemented by references and sources of further reading. The basic appeal of the book lies in the coverage of material and logical progression through the various topics. The emphasis throughout is on the use of applied and theoretical approaches in explaining safety and risk applications. The book is as relevant to a practitioner as it is to a student audience, and contains guidance and advice relevant to practice, enforcement, teaching, training, research, consultancy and support services. Human Safety and Risk Management makes human aspects of safety and risk available to those who do not necessarily have a behavioural science background, including the informed lay reader.

Human Factors and Behavioural Safety

Human Factors and Behavioural Safety PDF

Author: Jeremy Stranks

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2007-06-07

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 1136397515

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Accidents and cases of occupational ill-health are commonly associated with aspects of human behaviour and the potential for human error. Human Factors and Behavioural Safety is not written for psychologists, but instead gives health and safety professionals and students a broad overview of human factors and those aspects of human behaviour which have a direct effect on health and safety performance within organisations. Particular attention is paid to: * the role of the organisation in promoting safe behaviour * the sensory and perceptual processes of people * behavioural factors, such as attitude, motivation and personality * the process of attitude change * theories of personal risk taking and accident * the importance of good communication, change management and stress management

Risk Analysis of Natural Hazards

Risk Analysis of Natural Hazards PDF

Author: Paolo Gardoni

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-10-17

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 3319221264

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This volume investigates the interdisciplinary and cross-cutting challenges in the risk analysis of natural hazards. It brings together leading minds in engineering, science, philosophy, law, and the social sciences. Parts I and II of this volume explore risk assessment, first by providing an overview of the interdisciplinary interactions involved in the assessment of natural hazards, and then by exploring the particular impacts of climate change on natural hazard assessment. Part III discusses the theoretical frameworks for the evaluation of natural hazards. Finally, Parts IV and V address the risk management of natural hazards, providing first an overview of the interdisciplinary interactions underlying natural hazard management, and then exploring decision frameworks that can help decision makers integrate and respond to the complex relationships among natural events, the built environment, and human behavior.

Psychological Perspectives on Risk and Risk Analysis

Psychological Perspectives on Risk and Risk Analysis PDF

Author: Martina Raue

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-09-18

Total Pages: 379

ISBN-13: 3319924788

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This authoritative collection goes beyond economic statistics and probability data to offer a robust psychological understanding of risk perception and risk taking behavior. Expert contributors examine various risk domains in life, and pinpoint cognitive, emotional, and personality factors contributing to individual differences in risk taking as well as the many nuances social demographics (e.g., culture, gender) bring to risk decisions. Coverage takes competing theories and studies into account to identify mechanisms involved in processing and acting on uncertainty. And implications and applications are demonstrated in varied fields, from updated risk models for the insurance sector to improved risk communication in health services to considering risk perception in policy decisions. A sampling of the topics: Personality and risk: beyond daredevils—risk taking from a temperament perspective. Cognitive, developmental, and neurobiological aspects of risk judgments. The group effect: social influences on risk identification, analysis, and decision-making. Cognitive architectures as a scaffolding for risky choice models. Improving understanding of health-relevant numerical information. Risk culture as a framework for improving competence in risk management. Psychological Perspectives on Risk and Risk Analysis will be of great interest to researchers in and outside of psychology, including decision-making experts and behavioral economists. Additionally, this volume will appeal to practitioners who often have to make risky decisions, such as managers and physicians.

The Psychology of Risk

The Psychology of Risk PDF

Author: Glynis M. Breakwell

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-09-18

Total Pages: 383

ISBN-13: 1107017017

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This second edition explores the psychology of risk, examining how individuals think, feel and act. The questions addressed include: why do companies fail to protect against obvious hazards? What biases in risk estimation are common? How should we communicate levels of risk effectively? How should we reduce risky behaviour?

Values, Ergonomics and Risk Management in Aviation Business Strategy

Values, Ergonomics and Risk Management in Aviation Business Strategy PDF

Author: Ayse Kucuk Yilmaz

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-17

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 9811510067

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This book discusses the successful integration of values, ergonomy and risk management to achieve corporate strategic goals. Companies are starting to focus on risk management and corporate sustainability, but also value-based approaches in order to stay competitive. Although constantly emerging techniques are making this task easier, managing ergonomic based risks remain a challenge. The book largely focuses on values, ergonomy and risk management in the context of aviation business strategy. Offering insights into the principles of successful aviation business management using a value-based approach, it is a valuable resource for academics and postgraduate students as well as professionals in the aviation industry.

Encyclopedia of Human Behavior

Encyclopedia of Human Behavior PDF

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2012-03-16

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780123750006

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The Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Second Edition, Three Voluime Set is an award-winning three-volume reference on human action and reaction, and the thoughts, feelings, and physiological functions behind those actions. Presented alphabetically by title, 300 articles probe both enduring and exciting new topics in physiological psychology, perception, personality, abnormal and clinical psychology, cognition and learning, social psychology, developmental psychology, language, and applied contexts. Written by leading scientists in these disciplines, every article has been peer-reviewed to establish clarity, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. The most comprehensive reference source to provide both depth and breadth to the study of human behavior, the encyclopedia will again be a much-used reference source. This set appeals to public, corporate, university and college libraries, libraries in two-year colleges, and some secondary schools. Carefully crafted, well written, and thoroughly indexed, the encyclopedia helps users-whether they are students just beginning formal study of the broad field or specialists in a branch of psychology-understand the field and how and why humans behave as we do. Named a 2013 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication Concise entries (ten pages on average) provide foundational knowledge of the field Each article features suggested further readings, a list of related websites, a 5-10 word glossary and a definition paragraph, and cross-references to related articles in the encyclopedi Newly expanded editorial board and a host of international contributors from the United States, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Sweden, and the United Kingdom

Managing Risk

Managing Risk PDF

Author: Romney Beecher Duffey

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-09-15

Total Pages: 568

ISBN-13: 047071445X

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The human element is the principle cause of incidents and accidents in all technology industries; hence it is evident that an understanding of the interaction between humans and technology is crucial to the effective management of risk. Despite this, no tested model that explicitly and quantitatively includes the human element in risk prediction is currently available. Managing Risk: the Human Element combines descriptive and explanatory text with theoretical and mathematical analysis, offering important new concepts that can be used to improve the management of risk, trend analysis and prediction, and hence affect the accident rate in technological industries. It uses examples of major accidents to identify common causal factors, or “echoes”, and argues that the use of specific experience parameters for each particular industry is vital to achieving a minimum error rate as defined by mathematical prediction. New ideas for the perception, calculation and prediction of risk are introduced, and safety management is covered in depth, including for rare events and “unknown” outcomes Discusses applications to multiple industries including nuclear, aviation, medical, shipping, chemical, industrial, railway, offshore oil and gas; Shows consistency between learning for large systems and technologies with the psychological models of learning from error correction at the personal level; Offers the expertise of key leading industry figures involved in safety work in the civil aviation and nuclear engineering industries; Incorporates numerous fascinating case studies of key technological accidents. Managing Risk: the Human Element is an essential read for professional safety experts, human reliability experts and engineers in all technological industries, as well as risk analysts, corporate managers and statistical analysts. It is also of interest to professors, researchers and postgraduate students of reliability and safety engineering, and to experts in human performance. “...congratulations on what appears to be, at a high level of review, a significant contribution to the literature...I have found much to be admired in (your) research” Mr. Joseph Fragola – Vice President of Valador Inc. “The book is not only technically informative, but also attractive to all concerned readers and easy to be comprehended at various level of educational background. It is truly an excellent book ever written for the safety risk managers and analysis professionals in the engineering community, especially in the high reliability organizations...” Dr Feng Hsu, Head of Risk Assessment and Management, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center “I admire your courage in confronting your theoretical ideas with such diverse, ecologically valid data, and your success in capturing a major trend in them....I should add that I find all this quite inspiring . ...The idea that you need to find the right measure of accumulated experience and not just routinely used calendar time makes so much sense that it comes as a shock to realize that this is a new idea”, Professor Stellan Ohlsson, Professor of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago