Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists

Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists PDF

Author: Jiju Antony

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2023-06-02

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 0443151741

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This third edition of Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists adds to the tried and trusted tools that were successful in so many engineering organizations with new coverage of design of experiments (DoE) in the service sector. Case studies are updated throughout, and new ones are added on dentistry, higher education, and utilities. Although many books have been written on DoE for statisticians, this book overcomes the challenges a wider audience faces in using statistics by using easy-to-read graphical tools. Readers will find the concepts in this book both familiar and easy to understand, and users will soon be able to apply them in their work or research. This classic book is essential reading for engineers and scientists from all disciplines tackling all kinds of product and process quality problems and will be an ideal resource for students of this topic. Written in nonstatistical language, the book is an essential and accessible text for scientists and engineers who want to learn how to use DoE Explains why teaching DoE techniques in the improvement phase of Six Sigma is an important part of problem-solving methodology New edition includes two new chapters on DoE for services as well as case studies illustrating its wider application in the service industry

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science PDF

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-10-20

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 0309486165

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One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

The Power of Experiments

The Power of Experiments PDF

Author: Michael Luca

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2021-03-02

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 0262542277

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How tech companies like Google, Airbnb, StubHub, and Facebook learn from experiments in our data-driven world—an excellent primer on experimental and behavioral economics Have you logged into Facebook recently? Searched for something on Google? Chosen a movie on Netflix? If so, you've probably been an unwitting participant in a variety of experiments—also known as randomized controlled trials—designed to test the impact of different online experiences. Once an esoteric tool for academic research, the randomized controlled trial has gone mainstream. No tech company worth its salt (or its share price) would dare make major changes to its platform without first running experiments to understand how they would influence user behavior. In this book, Michael Luca and Max Bazerman explain the importance of experiments for decision making in a data-driven world. Luca and Bazerman describe the central role experiments play in the tech sector, drawing lessons and best practices from the experiences of such companies as StubHub, Alibaba, and Uber. Successful experiments can save companies money—eBay, for example, discovered how to cut $50 million from its yearly advertising budget—or bring to light something previously ignored, as when Airbnb was forced to confront rampant discrimination by its hosts. Moving beyond tech, Luca and Bazerman consider experimenting for the social good—different ways that governments are using experiments to influence or “nudge” behavior ranging from voter apathy to school absenteeism. Experiments, they argue, are part of any leader's toolkit. With this book, readers can become part of “the experimental revolution.”

Interval-Valued Methods in Classifications and Decisions

Interval-Valued Methods in Classifications and Decisions PDF

Author: Urszula Bentkowska

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-02-08

Total Pages: 163

ISBN-13: 3030129276

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This book describes novel algorithms based on interval-valued fuzzy methods that are expected to improve classification and decision-making processes under incomplete or imprecise information. At first, it introduces interval-valued fuzzy sets. It then discusses new methods for aggregation on interval-valued settings, and the most common properties of interval-valued aggregation operators. It then presents applications such as decision making using interval-valued aggregation, and classification in case of missing values. Interesting applications of the developed algorithms to DNA microarray analysis and in medical decision support systems are shown. The book is intended not only as a timely report for the community working on fuzzy sets and their extensions but also for researchers and practitioners dealing with the problems of uncertain or imperfect information.

How to Design and Report Experiments

How to Design and Report Experiments PDF

Author: Andy Field

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2002-12-20

Total Pages: 398

ISBN-13: 1847872980

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How to Design and Report Experiments is the perfect textbook and guide to the often bewildering world of experimental design and statistics. It provides a complete map of the entire process beginning with how to get ideas about research, how to refine your research question and the actual design of the experiment, leading on to statistical procedure and assistance with writing up of results. While many books look at the fundamentals of doing successful experiments and include good coverage of statistical techniques, this book very importantly considers the process in chronological order with specific attention given to effective design in the context of likely methods needed and expected results. Without full assessment of these aspects, the experience and results may not end up being as positive as one might have hoped. Ample coverage is then also provided of statistical data analysis, a hazardous journey in itself, and the reporting of findings, with numerous examples and helpful tips of common downfalls throughout. Combining light humour, empathy with solid practical guidance to ensure a positive experience overall, How to Design and Report Experiments will be essential reading for students in psychology and those in cognate disciplines with an experimental focus or content in research methods courses.

Experimental Thinking

Experimental Thinking PDF

Author: James N. Druckman

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-05-12

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 1108997988

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Experiments are a central methodology in the social sciences. Scholars from every discipline regularly turn to experiments. Practitioners rely on experimental evidence in evaluating social programs, policies, and institutions. This book is about how to “think” about experiments. It argues that designing a good experiment is a slow moving process (given the host of considerations) which is counter to the current fast moving temptations available in the social sciences. The book includes discussion of the place of experiments in the social science process, the assumptions underlying different types of experiments, the validity of experiments, the application of different designs, how to arrive at experimental questions, the role of replications in experimental research, and the steps involved in designing and conducting “good” experiments. The goal is to ensure social science research remains driven by important substantive questions and fully exploits the potential of experiments in a thoughtful manner.

Designing with Data

Designing with Data PDF

Author: Rochelle King

Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."

Published: 2017-03-29

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 1449334954

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On the surface, design practices and data science may not seem like obvious partners. But these disciplines actually work toward the same goal, helping designers and product managers understand users so they can craft elegant digital experiences. While data can enhance design, design can bring deeper meaning to data. This practical guide shows you how to conduct data-driven A/B testing for making design decisions on everything from small tweaks to large-scale UX concepts. Complete with real-world examples, this book shows you how to make data-driven design part of your product design workflow. Understand the relationship between data, business, and design Get a firm grounding in data, data types, and components of A/B testing Use an experimentation framework to define opportunities, formulate hypotheses, and test different options Create hypotheses that connect to key metrics and business goals Design proposed solutions for hypotheses that are most promising Interpret the results of an A/B test and determine your next move

Conducting Meaningful Experiments

Conducting Meaningful Experiments PDF

Author: R. Barker Bausell

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Published: 1994-03-04

Total Pages: 157

ISBN-13: 1452254680

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There is no doubt that this book will be well received by those who are fortunate enough to come across it. This book will be of use to the growing number of people involved either as purchasers or providers of research. Don′t go to work without it! --Health Services Management Research Journal "I would recommend [this book] to a colleague as a useful companion text for students. I would say that this is an engaging discussion of experimental research for social, behavioral, and health science students. The writing style is fresh and entertaining, and draws the willing reader into thinking through the process of designing and conducting experimental research. It is not a ′cookbook′ or a compendium of facts. Rather, it is a pragmatic and thoughtful description intended to help students understand how to design meaningful experiments, and by understanding that, they will also understand how to interpret research they do not conduct themselves." --Katharyn A. May, School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University "This slim but packed volume is written for prospective researchers in the social and health sciences. The writing style is lively, encouraging, upbeat. R. Barker Bausell brings science down to earth without sacrificing respect for rigor and complexity. . . . Recommended for all institutions with undergraduate or graduate research requirements in the social and health sciences." --Choice Tired of research methods books that tell how to perform a research study without any mention of the why behind doing research? Aimed at communicating the excitement and responsibility of the research process, this remarkable volume enables you to evaluate beforehand whether a prospective research study has the potential to either improve the human condition, contribute to theory formation, or explain the etiology of a significant phenomenon rather than to produce just another "publishable" study. By emphasizing how to think about and strategize a research study, R. Barker Bausell shows you the important steps of a scientific study--from the formulation of the problem to the write-up of the results. Replete with illustrative examples drawn from the social, health, and behavioral sciences, this volume is a must for all serious researchers.

Population-Based Survey Experiments

Population-Based Survey Experiments PDF

Author: Diana C. Mutz

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2011-07-05

Total Pages: 194

ISBN-13: 1400840481

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Population-based survey experiments have become an invaluable tool for social scientists struggling to generalize laboratory-based results, and for survey researchers besieged by uncertainties about causality. Thanks to technological advances in recent years, experiments can now be administered to random samples of the population to which a theory applies. Yet until now, there was no self-contained resource for social scientists seeking a concise and accessible overview of this methodology, its strengths and weaknesses, and the unique challenges it poses for implementation and analysis. Drawing on examples from across the social sciences, this book covers everything you need to know to plan, implement, and analyze the results of population-based survey experiments. But it is more than just a "how to" manual. This lively book challenges conventional wisdom about internal and external validity, showing why strong causal claims need not come at the expense of external validity, and how it is now possible to execute experiments remotely using large-scale population samples. Designed for social scientists across the disciplines, Population-Based Survey Experiments provides the first complete introduction to this methodology. Offers the most comprehensive treatment of the subject Features a wealth of examples and practical advice Reexamines issues of internal and external validity Can be used in conjunction with downloadable data from ExperimentCentral.org for design and analysis exercises in the classroom

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