Regionalism in Standards

Regionalism in Standards PDF

Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13:

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Regional agreements on standards have been largely ignored by economists and unconditionally blessed by multilateral trade rules. The authors find, theoretically and empirically, that such agreements increase trade between participating countries but not necessarily with the rest of the world. Adopting a common standard in a region-that is, harmonization-boosts exports of excluded industrial countries to the region. But it reduces exports of excluded developing countries, possibly because developing country firms are hurt more by an increase in the stringency of standards and benefit less from economies of scale in integrated markets. Mutual recognition agreements are more uniformly trade promoting unless they contain restrictive rules of origin, in which case intra-regional trade increases at the expense of trade with other, especially developing, countries. The authors propose a modification of international trade rules to strike a better balance between the interests of integrating and excluded countries.

Regionalism in Standards

Regionalism in Standards PDF

Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Regional agreements on standards have been largely ignored by economists and blessed by multilateral trade rules. Using a constructed panel data that identifies the different types of agreements at the industry level, we find that such agreements increase the trade between participating countries but not necessarily with the rest of the world. Harmonization of standards may reduce the exports of excluded countries, especially in markets that have raised the stringency of standards. Mutual recognition agreements are more uniformly trade promoting unless they contain restrictive rules of origin, in which case intra-regional trade increases at the expense of imports from other countries.

Regionalism in Standards

Regionalism in Standards PDF

Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Regional agreements on standards have been largely ignored by economists and blessed by multilateral trade rules. Using a constructed panel data that identifies the different types of agreements at the industry level, we find that such agreements increase the trade between participating countries but not necessarily with the rest of the world. Harmonization of standards may reduce the exports of excluded countries, especially in markets that have raised the stringency of standards. Mutual recognition agreements are more uniformly trade promoting unless they contain restrictive rules of origin, in which case intra-regional trade increases at the expense of imports from other countries. Les accords régionaux sur les normes ont été grandement ignorés par les économistes mais consacrés dans les règles multilatérales de commerce. Utilisant des données de panels qui identifient les différents types d'accord au niveau de l'industrie, on découvre que ces accords augmentent le commerce entre les pays participants, mais pas nécessairement avec le reste du monde. L'harmonisation des normes peut réduire les exportations des pays exclus, en particulier dans les marchés qui ont relevé leurs normes. Les accords de reconnaissance mutuelle promeuvent plus uniformément l'augmentation du commerce à moins qu'ils ne contiennent des restrictions quant aux pays d'origine. Dans ce dernier cas, les accroissements dans le commerce intra-régional se font aux dépens des importations en provenance des autres pays.

Regionalism in Standards

Regionalism in Standards PDF

Author: Maggie Xiaoyang Chen

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13:

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Abstract: "Regional agreements on standards have been largely ignored by economists and unconditionally blessed by multilateral trade rules. Chen and Mattoo find, theoretically and empirically, that such agreements increase trade between participating countries but not necessarily with the rest of the world. Adopting a common standard in a Region--that is, harmonization--boosts exports of excluded industrial countries to the region. But it reduces exports of excluded developing countries, possibly because developing country firms are hurt more by an increase in the stringency of standards and benefit less from economies of scale in integrated markets. Mutual recognition agreements are more uniformly trade promoting unless they contain restrictive rules of origin, in which case intra-regional trade increases at the expense of trade with other, especially developing, countries. The authors propose a modification of international trade rules to strike a better balance between the interests of integrating and excluded countries. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the implications for trade of agreements on standards"--World Bank web site.

Regionalism versus Multilateral Trade Arrangements

Regionalism versus Multilateral Trade Arrangements PDF

Author: Takatoshi Ito

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 1997-10-15

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 9780226386720

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There is no doubt that the open multilateral trading system after World War II was a key ingredient in the rapid economic development of the entire world. Especially in Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, exports increased dramatically both in absolute terms and as a percentage of GNP. In the 1980s, however, preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) began to emerge as significant factors affecting world trade. This volume contains thirteen papers that analyze the tensions between multilateral trading systems and preferential trade arrangements and the impact of these tensions on East Asia. The first four chapters introduce PTAs conceptually and focus on the unique political issues that these agreements involve. The next five essays present more direct empirical analyses of existing PTAs and their economic effects, primarily in East Asia. The last four papers concentrate on the outcomes of individual East Asian nations' trading policies in specific instances of preferential agreements.

Multilateralizing Regionalism

Multilateralizing Regionalism PDF

Author: Richard Baldwin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-02-19

Total Pages: 743

ISBN-13: 1139475398

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Regional trade agreements (RTAs) have proliferated around the world in the past two decades, and now nearly all members of the WTO are party to at least one. Besides tariffs and rules of origin regulating trade in goods, many RTAs now include provisions on services, investments, technical barriers to trade and competition rules, as well as a host of issues not directly related to trade. The geographic reach of RTAs is expanding, with transcontinental agreements spreading forcefully alongside intra-regional agreements. 'Multilateralizing Regionalism' was the title of a major conference held from 10–12 September 2007 at the WTO in Geneva. Brought together in this publication, the conference papers achieve two things. First, they marshall detailed, new empirical work on the nature of the 'Spaghetti Bowl' and the problems it poses for the multilateral trade system. Second, they contribute fresh and creative thinking on how to 'tame the tangle' of regional trade agreements.

Multilateralism Versus Regionalism

Multilateralism Versus Regionalism PDF

Author: Meine Pieter van Dijk

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005-06-28

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1135777659

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The issue of regionalism versus multilateral agreements such as the Uruguay Round remains a crucial one, as is argued in the first five chapters of this volume.

Regional Approaches to Better Standards Systems

Regional Approaches to Better Standards Systems PDF

Author: Enrique Aldaz-Carroll

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13:

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"Developing countries face an increasing need to upgrade the standards of their domestic markets and of their exports. This paper examines different approaches available to them for upgrading their standards and conformity assessment procedures. It focuses particularly on those followed within the context of regional trade agreements (RTAs), as these are yielding promising results. Based on interviews performed in Latin America and on previous literature, the paper draws common features of a RTA standard and conformity assessment upgrading and harmonization process, identifies some of its main challenges, and suggests principles that developing countries could follow in such a process."--World Bank web site.

Regional Rules in the Global Trading System

Regional Rules in the Global Trading System PDF

Author: Antoni Estevadeordal

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-06-18

Total Pages: 541

ISBN-13: 0521760844

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This book describes the rules governing regional trade agreements, providing new insights into the interplay between regional and multilateral trade rules.