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Proxy War in Yemen

Author: Bernd Kaussler

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2022-11-15

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13: 1000833062

This book analyzes the civil war in Yemen and how intervening external actors have shaped the trajectory of the conflict. The work examines the conflict in Yemen as a testing ground for expectations about the autonomy and control of proxies by external patrons and the direct consequences for civilian victimization and duration of war. Like other proxy wars, the international dimensions of the war made the conflict in Yemen subject to the geopolitical interests of intervening powers. The longstanding power rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran over Middle East supremacy resulted in a competitive intervention in Yemen, where the initial belligerents of the civil war—the Houthi and the Hadi regime—were used as proxies by Tehran and the Gulf coalition led by Riyadh, respectively. Their intervention ultimately translated into a prolonged and destructive conflict. The often contradictory and self-interested patronage strategies by the coalition’s two central patrons, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, undermined their broader goal of containing Iran. However, Iran’s support for the Houthis enabled them to bait and bleed the Gulf coalition. Lastly, in an effort to balance against Iran, the United States underwrote the military campaign of the Gulf states with military hardware and personnel, thereby further prolonging the conflict and humanitarian disaster. This book concludes that intervention by external patrons both protracted the civil war and made it far more destructive for the civilian population. This book will be of much interest to students of proxy wars, Middle Eastern conflict, and security studies in general.

Proxy Wars

Author: Roberto Miguel Rodriguez

Publisher:

Published: 2023-10-02

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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"Proxy Wars" provides an in-depth analysis of the Yemen conflict, highlighting its transformation from a local power struggle to a geopolitical battleground where regional powerhouses, namely Iran and Saudi Arabia, vie for dominance. As the title suggests, Yemen has become a stage where these two nations, representing differing sects and interests within Islam, further their regional ambitions through proxy actors. Key components of the book include: Historical Background: A primer on Yemen's complex political, social, and religious tapestry, setting the context for the contemporary conflict. Roots of Rivalry: An exploration of the historical tensions between Iran and Saudi Arabia, covering religious differences, oil politics, and regional aspirations. The Houthi Movement: A deep dive into the rise and beliefs of the Houthi rebels, including their grievances, motivations, and the extent of their ties to Iran. Saudi Arabia's Stance: An examination of Saudi Arabia's reasons for intervention, its coalition partners, and its broader goals in the region. Battles and Dynamics: Detailed accounts of key battles, turning points, and the fluctuating fortunes of the warring factions. Humanitarian Crisis: Highlighting the devastating toll of the conflict on Yemen's civilian population, from famine to epidemics, displacement, and the breakdown of societal structures. International Involvement: An analysis of the role of global powers, from the United States to China and Russia, in shaping the trajectory of the conflict, whether through arms sales, diplomatic channels, or alliances. Pathways to Peace: Speculations on potential resolutions, considering international mediation efforts, regional dynamics, and the aspirations of the Yemeni people. "Proxy Wars" is an illuminating journey into the shadows of a conflict that, while often overshadowed by other global events, holds significant implications for regional stability, global energy markets, and the future of geopolitical alliances. Through meticulous research and expert analysis, the book offers readers a holistic understanding of a war where local grievances and global ambitions are inextricably intertwined.

Proxy War

Author: Tyrone L. Groh

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2019-03-26

Total Pages: 339

ISBN-13: 1503608735

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The U.S. has indirectly intervened in international conflicts on a relatively large scale for decades. Yet little is known about the immediate usefulness or long-term effectiveness of contemporary proxy warfare. In cases when neither direct involvement nor total disengagement are viable, proxy warfare is often the best option, or, rather, the least bad option. Tyrone L. Groh describes the hazards and undesirable aspects of this strategy, as well as how to deploy it effectively. Proxy War explores the circumstances under which indirect warfare works best, how to evaluate it as a policy option, and the possible risks and rewards. Groh offers a fresh look at this strategy, using uncommon and understudied cases to test the concepts presented. These ten case studies investigate and illustrate the different types and uses of proxy war under varying conditions. What arises is a complete theoretical model of proxy warfare that can be applied to a wide range of situations. Proxy war is here to stay and will likely become more common as players on the international stage increasingly challenge U.S. dominance, making it more important than ever to understand how and when to deploy it.

Proxy Wars

Author: Eli Berman

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2019-03-15

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 1501733095

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The most common image of world politics involves states negotiating, cooperating, or sometimes fighting with one another; billiard balls in motion on a global pool table. Yet working through local proxies or agents, through what Eli Berman and David A. Lake call a strategy of "indirect control," has always been a central tool of foreign policy. Understanding how countries motivate local allies to act in sometimes costly ways, and when and how that strategy succeeds, is essential to effective foreign policy in today's world. In this splendid collection, Berman and Lake apply a variant of principal-agent theory in which the alignment of interests or objectives between a powerful state and a local proxy is central. Through analysis of nine detailed cases, Proxy Wars finds that: when principals use rewards and punishments tailored to the agent's domestic politics, proxies typically comply with their wishes; when the threat to the principal or the costs to the agent increase, the principal responds with higher-powered incentives and the proxy responds with greater effort; if interests diverge too much, the principal must either take direct action or admit that indirect control is unworkable. Covering events from Denmark under the Nazis to the Korean War to contemporary Afghanistan, and much in between, the chapters in Proxy Wars engage many disciplines and will suit classes taught in political science, economics, international relations, security studies, and much more.

Tribes and Politics in Yemen

Author: Marieke Brandt

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024-05

Total Pages: 496

ISBN-13: 0197783252

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This is the first rigorous history of the long-running Houthi rebellion and its impact on Yemen, now the victim of multi-national interventions as outside powers seek to determine the course of its ongoing civil war.

Sectarianization

Author: Nader Hashemi

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017-03-15

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 0190862661

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As the Middle East descends ever deeper into violence and chaos, 'sectarianism' has become a catch-all explanation for the region's troubles. The turmoil is attributed to 'ancient sectarian differences', putatively primordial forces that make violent conflict intractable. In media and policy discussions, sectarianism has come to possess trans-historical causal power. This book trenchantly challenges the lazy use of 'sectarianism' as a magic-bullet explanation for the region's ills, focusing on how various conflicts in the Middle East have morphed from non-sectarian (or cross-sectarian) and nonviolent movements into sectarian wars. Through multiple case studies -- including Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Yemen and Kuwait -- this book maps the dynamics of sectarianisation, exploring not only how but also why it has taken hold. The contributors examine the constellation of forces -- from those within societies to external factors such as the Saudi-Iran rivalry -- that drive the sectarianisation process and explore how the region's politics can be de-sectarianised. Featuring leading scholars -- and including historians, anthropologists, political scientists and international relations theorists -- this book will redefine the terms of debate on one of the most critical issues in international affairs today.

Could the Houthis Be the Next Hizballah?

Author: Trevor Johnston

Publisher:

Published: 2020-08-30

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 9781977402516

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The authors analyze the prospect that Iran will further invest in Yemen's Houthis and develop them into an enduring proxy group. The authors examine the history, current relations and trajectory, and possible future of the Houthi-Iran relationship.

Domestic Constraints on South Korean Foreign Policy

Author: Scott A. Snyder

Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations

Published: 2018-01-01

Total Pages: 79

ISBN-13: 0876097336

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These essays support the argument that strong and effective presidential leadership is the most important prerequisite for South Korea to sustain and project its influence abroad. That leadership should be attentive to the need for public consensus and should operate within established legislative mechanisms that ensure public accountability. The underlying structures sustaining South Korea’s foreign policy formation are generally sound; the bigger challenge is to manage domestic politics in ways that promote public confidence about the direction and accountability of presidential leadership in foreign policy.

Nasser's Gamble

Author: Jesse Ferris

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 0691155143

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Nasser's Gamble draws on declassified documents from six countries and original material in Arabic, German, Hebrew, and Russian to present a new understanding of Egypt's disastrous five-year intervention in Yemen, which Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser later referred to as "my Vietnam." Jesse Ferris argues that Nasser's attempt to export the Egyptian revolution to Yemen played a decisive role in destabilizing Egypt's relations with the Cold War powers, tarnishing its image in the Arab world, ruining its economy, and driving its rulers to instigate the fatal series of missteps that led to war with Israel in 1967. Viewing the Six Day War as an unintended consequence of the Saudi-Egyptian struggle over Yemen, Ferris demonstrates that the most important Cold War conflict in the Middle East was not the clash between Israel and its neighbors. It was the inter-Arab struggle between monarchies and republics over power and legitimacy. Egypt's defeat in the "Arab Cold War" set the stage for the rise of Saudi Arabia and political Islam. Bold and provocative, Nasser's Gamble brings to life a critical phase in the modern history of the Middle East. Its compelling analysis of Egypt's fall from power in the 1960s offers new insights into the decline of Arab nationalism, exposing the deep historical roots of the Arab Spring of 2011.

Iran, Revolution, and Proxy Wars

Author: Ofira Seliktar

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-12-17

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 3030294188

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This book analyzes the historical quest of the Islamic Republic of Iran to export its revolution to the Muslim countries in the Middle East and beyond. The authors argue that Iran exported its revolution by using proxies such as Hezbollah, the Iraqi Shite militias, and the Houthis. The study unravels the casual chain behind less-known cases of Iranian sponsorship of al Qaeda (Central) and al Qaida in Iraq. It combines rigorous theory with detailed empirical analysis which can add to the current debate about ways to roll back Iran’s revolutionary export.