Portable Wireless LAN Device and Two-Way Radio Threat Assessment for Aircraft VHF Communication Radio Band

Portable Wireless LAN Device and Two-Way Radio Threat Assessment for Aircraft VHF Communication Radio Band PDF

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-06-03

Total Pages: 94

ISBN-13: 9781720663874

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This document summarizes the safety analysis performed on a Flight Guidance System (FGS) requirements model. In particular, the safety properties desired of the FGS model are identified and the presence of the safety properties in the model is formally verified. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the entire project, while Chapter 2 gives a brief overview of the problem domain, the nature of accidents, model based development, and the four-variable model. Chapter 3 outlines the approach. Chapter 4 presents the results of the traditional safety analysis techniques and illustrates how the hazardous conditions associated with the system trace into specific safety properties. Chapter 5 presents the results of the formal methods analysis technique model checking that was used to verify the presence of the safety properties in the requirements model. Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes the main conclusions of the study, first and foremost that model checking is a very effective verification technique to use on discrete models with reasonable state spaces. Additional supporting details are provided in the appendices.Nguyen, Truong X. and Koppen, Sandra V. and Ely, Jay J. and Williams, Reuben A. and Smith, Laura J. and Salud, Maria Theresa P.Langley Research CenterLOCAL AREA NETWORKS; VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES; WIRELESS COMMUNICATION; PORTABLE EQUIPMENT; RADIO COMMUNICATION; AVIONICS; AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION; THREAT EVALUATION; REVERBERATION CHAMBERS; FREQUENCIES; COLLISION AVOIDANCE; SAFETY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE; DATA REDUCTION

Portable Integrated Wireless Device Threat Assessment to Aircraft Radio Systems

Portable Integrated Wireless Device Threat Assessment to Aircraft Radio Systems PDF

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-06-03

Total Pages: 94

ISBN-13: 9781720663669

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An assessment was conducted on multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) devices using the three wireless standards for spurious radiated emissions to determine their threat to aircraft radio navigation systems. The measurement process, data and analysis are provided for devices tested using IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, and Bluetooth as well as data from portable laptops/tablet PCs and PDAs (grouping known as PEDs). A comparison was made between wireless LAN devices and portable electronic devices. Spurious radiated emissions were investigated in the radio frequency bands for the following aircraft systems: Instrument Landing System Localizer and Glideslope, Very High Frequency (VHF) Communication, VHF Omnidirectional Range, Traffic Collision Avoidance System, Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System, Microwave Landing System and Global Positioning System. Since several of the contiguous navigation systems were grouped under one encompassing measurement frequency band, there were five measurement frequency bands where spurious radiated emissions data were collected for the PEDs and WLAN devices. The report also provides a comparison between emissions data and regulatory emission limit.Salud, Maria Theresa P. and Williams, Reuben A. (Technical Monitor)Langley Research CenterELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT; RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE; AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION; WIRELESS COMMUNICATION; PORTABLE EQUIPMENT; COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT; LOCAL AREA NETWORKS; VERY HIGH FREQUENCY RADIO EQUIPMENT; INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEMS; MICROWAVE LANDING SYSTEMS; COLLISION AVOIDANCE; GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; RADAR BEACONS

Wireless Phone Threat Assessment and New Wireless Technology Concerns for Aircraft Navigation Radios

Wireless Phone Threat Assessment and New Wireless Technology Concerns for Aircraft Navigation Radios PDF

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-06-15

Total Pages: 198

ISBN-13: 9781721133260

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To address the concern for cellular phone electromagnetic interference to aircraft radios, a radiated emission measurement process was developed for two dominant digital standards of wireless handsets. Spurious radiated emissions were efficiently characterized from devices tested in either a semi-anechoic or reverberation chamber, in terms of effective radiated power. Eight representative handsets (four from each digital standard) were commanded to operate while varying their radio transmitter parameters (power, modulation, etc.). This report provides a detailed description of the measurement process and resulting data, which may subsequently be used by others as a basis of consistent evaluation of other portable transmitters using a variety of wireless transmission protocols. Aircraft interference path loss and navigation radio interference threshold data from numerous reference documents, standards, and NASA partnerships were compiled. Using these data, a preliminary risk assessment is provided for wireless phone interference to aircraft Localizer, Glideslope, Very High Frequency Omni directional Range, and Global Positioning Satellite radio receivers on typical transport airplanes. The report identifies where existing data for device emissions, interference path loss, and navigation radio interference thresholds need to be extended for an accurate risk assessment for wireless transmitters in aircraft. Ely, Jay J. and Nguyen, Truong X. and Koppen, Sandra V. and Beggs, John H. and Salud, Maria Theresa P. Langley Research Center DFTA03-96-X-90001; WU 728-30-10-01

Third Generation Wireless Phone Threat Assessment for Aircraft Communication and Navigation Radios

Third Generation Wireless Phone Threat Assessment for Aircraft Communication and Navigation Radios PDF

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-06-27

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 9781721944514

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Radiated emissions in aircraft communication and navigation bands are measured from third generation (3G) wireless mobile phones. The two wireless technologies considered are the latest available to general consumers in the US. The measurements are conducted using reverberation chambers. The results are compared against baseline emissions from laptop computers and personal digital assistant devices that are currently allowed to operate on aircraft. Using existing interference path loss data and receivers interference threshold, a risk assessment is performed for several aircraft communication and navigation radio systems. In addition, cumulative interference effects of multiple similar devices are conservatively estimated or bounded. The effects are computed by summing the interference power from individual devices that is scaled according to the interference path loss at its location. Nguyen, Truong X. and Koppen, Sandra V. and Smith, Laura J. and Williams, Reuben A. and Salud, Maria Theresa P. Langley Research Center DTFA03-96-X-90001; 23R-772-96

The Evolution of Untethered Communications

The Evolution of Untethered Communications PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1998-01-01

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 9780309059466

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In response to a request from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the committee studied a range of issues to help identify what strategies the Department of Defense might follow to meet its need for flexible, rapidly deployable communications systems. Taking into account the military's particular requirements for security, interoperability, and other capabilities as well as the extent to which commercial technology development can be expected to support these and related needs, the book recommends systems and component research as well as organizational changes to help the DOD field state-of-the-art, cost-effective untethered communications systems. In addition to advising DARPA on where its investment in information technology for mobile wireless communications systems can have the greatest impact, the book explores the evolution of wireless technology, the often fruitful synergy between commercial and military research and development efforts, and the technical challenges still to be overcome in making the dream of "anytime, anywhere" communications a reality.

Potential Denial of Service Threat Assessment for Cognitive Radios

Potential Denial of Service Threat Assessment for Cognitive Radios PDF

Author: Amita Sethi

Publisher: ProQuest

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 9780549562665

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With the advent of cognitive radios, existing wireless networks are expected to undergo a radical change in how they operate. Traditional wireless devices operate in fixed frequency bands and follow fixed network protocols set at the time of manufacture, unlike the emerging wireless devices based on cognitive radio technology which are expected to operate across multiple frequency bands with a variety of protocols that can change over the life of the device. While the wireless networks in which a cognitive radio device operates may implement device authentication, integrity checks and other higher-layer security mechanisms; the possibility of physical layer attacks, such as jamming attacks, still exists. This research work focuses on identifying potential cognitive radio specific physical layer attacks. In particular, we investigate vulnerabilities that may prevent CR communication in specific bands, completely deny a cognitive radio to communicate or induce it to cause harmful interference to existing users; so called denial-of-service attack. In the process, we identify, analyze, and assess the risk level posed by the potential attacks in the different CR design paradigms proposed by different research groups. Further, this work recommends the most and least susceptible of the CR design paradigms under consideration. More succinctly, this research addresses the potential cognitive radio security related question: "Which potential DoS attacks are cognitive radios susceptible to, what are the risks they represent, which security mechanisms can be employed to forestall the high-priority risk attacks, and which CR designs are the most susceptible to the critical risks?"

Software-Defined Radio for Engineers

Software-Defined Radio for Engineers PDF

Author: Alexander M. Wyglinski

Publisher: Artech House

Published: 2018-04-30

Total Pages: 378

ISBN-13: 1630814598

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Based on the popular Artech House classic, Digital Communication Systems Engineering with Software-Defined Radio, this book provides a practical approach to quickly learning the software-defined radio (SDR) concepts needed for work in the field. This up-to-date volume guides readers on how to quickly prototype wireless designs using SDR for real-world testing and experimentation. This book explores advanced wireless communication techniques such as OFDM, LTE, WLA, and hardware targeting. Readers will gain an understanding of the core concepts behind wireless hardware, such as the radio frequency front-end, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, as well as various processing technologies. Moreover, this volume includes chapters on timing estimation, matched filtering, frame synchronization message decoding, and source coding. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is explained and details about HDL code generation and deployment are provided. The book concludes with coverage of the WLAN toolbox with OFDM beacon reception and the LTE toolbox with downlink reception. Multiple case studies are provided throughout the book. Both MATLAB and Simulink source code are included to assist readers with their projects in the field.