Crop Loss Assessment and Pest Management

Crop Loss Assessment and Pest Management PDF

Author: P. S. Teng

Publisher:

Published: 1987

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13:

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Rationale and concepts of crop loss assessment for improving pest management and crop protection. Measurement of disease and pathogens. Measurement of insect pest populations and injury. Modeling of crop growth and yield for loss assessment. Disease progress curves, their mathematical description and analysis to formulate predictors for loss equations. Sampling theory and protocol for insects. Methods of field data collection and recording in experiments and surveys. Generating the database for disease-loss modeling. Methods of generating different levels of disease epidemics in loss experiments. Methods of studying the relation between different insect population levels, damage and yield in experiments and surveys. Quantifying the relationship between disease intensity and yield loss. Quantifying the relationship between insect populations, damage, yield and economic thresholds. Empirical models for predicting yield loss caused by a single disease. Empirical models for predicting yield loss caused by one type of insect: the stem borers. The use of principal components analysis and cluster analysis in crop loss assessment. A mechanistic approach to yield loss assessment based on crop physiology. The systems approach to pest management. The concept of thresholds: warning, action and damage thresholds. The role of predictive systems in disease management. Economics of integrated pest control. Analysis of decision making in pest management. Pest surveiliance systems in the USA - a case study using the Michigan State crop monitoring system (CCMS). Crop loss assessment in a practical integrated pest control program for tropical Asian rice. A computer-based decision aid for managing bean rust. The siratac system for cotton pest management in Australia.

Pest Resistance to Pesticides

Pest Resistance to Pesticides PDF

Author: G. P. Georghiou

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 804

ISBN-13: 1468444662

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The development of resistance to pesticides is generally acknowledged as one of the most serious obstacles to effective pest control today. Since house flies first developed resistance to DDT in 1946, more than 428 species of arthropods, at least 91 species of plant pathogens, five species of noxious weeds and two species of nematodes were reported to have developed strains resistant to on~ or more pesticides. A seminar of U. S. and Japanese scientists was held in Palm Springs, California, during December 3-7, 1979, under the U. S. -Japan Cooperative Science Program, in order to evaluate the status of research on resistance and to discuss directions for future emphasis. A total of 32 papers were presented under three principal topics: Origins and Dynamics of Resistance (6), Mechanisms of Resistance (18), and Suppression and Management of Resistance (8). The seminar was unique in that it brought together for the first time researchers from the disciplines of entomology, plant pathology and weed science for a comprehensive discussion of this common problem. Significant advances have been identified in (a) the development of methods for detection and monitoring of resistance in arthropods (electrophoresis, diagnostic dosage tests) and plant pathogens, (b) research on biochemical and physiological mechanisms of resis tance (cytochrome p450, sensitivity of target site, gene regulation), (c) the identification and quantification of biotic, genetic and operational factors influencing the evolution of resistance, and (d) the exploration of pest management approaches incorporating resis tance-delaying measures.

The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture

The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2000-11-02

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 0309172942

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Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.

Integrated Pest Management

Integrated Pest Management PDF

Author: David Pimentel

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-04-10

Total Pages: 484

ISBN-13: 9400777965

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The book deals with the present state and problems of integrated pest management as relating to stakeholder acceptance of IPM and how integrated pest management can become a sustainable practice. The discussions include using less pesticides and the possibility of eliminating pesticides from agricultural practice.